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05170 Experimental heat transfer coefficients during condensation of halogenated refrigerants on enhanced tubes
13 Space heating and cooling 95/05150 Ammonla In air condltlonlng Maidment, G. G. and Baker, A. P. Proc. ofAmmonia Refrigeration Today Con$, Insdture of Refrigeration, 1994, 13 pp. The paper exammes the refrigerant options for air conditioning applications in the UK given the phase-out of chlorofluorocarbons. Considers the needs of the user and operational staff as well as the environmental impact of each option. The ap llcetlon of ammonla/srcondary rrfrlgera95105151 tlon systems In reta PI food stores Stevens, P. F. Proc. Ammonia Refrigeration Today Co& Insdtute of
Refrigeration, 1994, 18 pp. The author discusses the recent developments in supermarket refrigeration
systems, and gives details of two ammonia/secondary systems recently commissioned in Switzerland and Luxembourg. 95105152 Basic study Into domestlc heat consumption: The mlsalng llnk Zwetsloot, M. Gas (Netherlands) Jul.-Aug. 1995, 119, (7), 22-23. (In Flemish) Homes connected to a district heatin network take less energy than the average Dutch home. This was found m the first basic study into domestic heat &nsumption (1994). The objective of the study was to gain more insight into the district heating market. The study is a supplement to the existing annual basic studies into domestic natural gas and power consumption and the factors having an effect on such consumptions. 95lQ5153 A case study of energy aavlngs by usln the waterside economlser system In large office building In %ontreal Zmeureanq R. ef aL, Archit. Sci. Rev., Mar. 1995, 38, (l), 21-27. Presents a feasibility study of the implementation of a water-side economiser system ln a office building in Montreal, Canada, for reducing the electricity consumption and the peak electric demand for chillers in winter. 95105154 Challenges and achlrvemrnta of a thermal energy storage tank Abouzeloff, Y. Energy Engng., 1994, 91, (6). 6-22. Discusses the performance of a l-million-gallon thermal energy storage tank over a six year period from 1986-1981, in a commercial application to utilise existing chiller plant equipment during off-peak hours without any major modification. 95l05i 55
95105162 Draught prooflng plays key role Culley, G. Energy World, Jun. 1995, (229), p. 14. Discusses how those responsible for energy efficiency within industrial buildings should be aware of the significant benefits of draught proofing as a cost effective fuel saving measure. Dynamic behavlour of consumer lnstallatlons durflow phenomena In dlstrlct heating networka 2 en Ink, Mar. 1995, 24, (3), 91-100. (In German) Discusses hdw consumer installations connected to district heating systems whose building connections are part directly and part indirectly connected to the network. Describes an investigation of the dynamic interplay of the consumer installations with the network on the basis of a re-search project. 95lQ5163 lnn*o-spd
95105184 Effect of lnterlcr heat transfer coefflclents on thermal dvnamlca and enerav conaumotlon Kalema, T. and Haapala, T.--Energy & Buildings, 1995,22, (2), 101-113. A thermal analysis program of buildings, called TASE, has been verified in cooperation wiih thi International Energy Agency (IEA) and used to study the effects of interior heat transfer coefficient models on the thermal dvnamics of a test cell and on the enerrrv consumotion and oeak loads of an oifce building module. Measured anr calculate; ~&&rra~~~~d surface temperatures and values of the wall heat flux have been compared. The correlation equations of ASHRAE. Alamdari and Hammond and Khalifa and Marshall have been used in the calculations. Both mnstant heat transfer coefficients, i.e., average values for the whole calculation period, and variable heat transfer coefficients, i.e., those calculated for each time point iteratively using the air-surface temperature differences, have been used in the calculations. 95/05105 Electric direct heating for churches Breiden, H. and Schmidt, K. H. iieiz Lufi Hanstech, Apr. 1994,46, (4), 226-231. (In German) Discusses the use of direct electric heating for churches. Energy efflclent bulldlng 95105166 Roaf, S. and Hancock, M. feds), Blackwell Publications Ltd, London, 299 PP.
Compukr power
Pugh, J. et aL, Bldg. Sew. Environ. Engr., Apr. 1995, 18, (8). 17-26. Presents six short articles dealing with the application of computers by building services consultants and contractors.
95lO5156 Condltlon-based maintenance for bulldln aervlces Barnard, N. BSRL4 Technical Note TNII95, U5.00, BSRIA, 0 Bd Bra&e11
Lane West, Bra&tell,
Berkshire, RGl2 Z4Ii, UK, Feb. 1995, 25 pp.
An overview of the application of condition monitoring to the maintenance of building services. It is the first of four based on the results of a research project supported by DOE and EPSRC under the LINK Programme on Construction Maintenance and Refurbishment. 95105157 Cost estlmatlon and cost accounting In the dlstrlct heating Industry Schonberg. I. and Althaus, W. Fern. Int., Mar. 1995,24, (3), 101-118. (In German) _ Discusses how future developments in the field of block and district heating msut be technologically, economically and market-driven and open for technological and administrative advances. 95105158 Degree day numbers of Germany Christoffer, J. Hek Lufr Hausteclr, Mar. 1995, 46, (31, . 149-157. (In German) Discusses the data by which degree days are calculated and the factors which influence temperature in Germany. Gives tables showing degree days calculated from 1951 to 1992 based on data from diverse weather stations. 95105159 Design feaalblllty of an IntermIttent domestic energy store Tahat, M. A. et al., Applied Energy, 1995, 51, (3), 277-290. In recent years, energy storage has been recognised as a potentially significant means by which primary energy consumption can be reduced in domestic, commercial and industrial processes. An intermittent domestic thermochemical heat pump, with a 5 kW electric power output when employed as an energy store, is proposed. ‘biffennt desi options have been considered and their economic feasibilities evaluate 8 , 95tO5180
95/Q5161 Does postponed rrtroflttln Gustafsson, S. I. Hear Recovery Sys. CHP, The article discusses what happens to the life cycle cost when retrofits are postponed to fit an owner’s ‘ten year budget’.
Determlnlng the connectlon capacity
Netherlands ISSO, Supplemenr lo ISSO-4, 1994, 32 p. (In Flemish) The publication is intended as a supplement to ISSO &l blication 4 ‘Deter-
mination of the required capacity of heating systems’. It is intended for use in parallel with ISSO-4.
The book is based on ‘The Oxford Energy Lectures 1990-1991’. Topics covered are the indoors environment; design standards and controls, and health, the buildin envelope, materials, glazing, and insulation, housing, and non-domestic %* ulldings.
SSlQSl67 Ener y In bulldings - Design declalona raqulre computer slmulat Bon Hensen, J. TWL Mug., Mar. 1995, 24, (3), 37-42. (In Flemish) Describes how building energy consumption and indoor climate are the result of complex dynamic thermal interactions between the outdoor environment, building structure, environmental control systems and occupants. 95lQ5165 Envlronmental condltlonlna In InduaWv Rio, A. et aL, Chaufi Vent. Co&t, Apr. 1995, (4), 22-A. Presents five short articles dealing with current air conditioning practice for industry. 95105169 Evolving role of alr handlers In the plant Katzel, J. Plant Ensng., Mar. 1995, 49, (4), 62-66. With the increasing unportance of indoor ar quality issues. air handling plant is assuming a neti and significant role in’suppI ing i safe, healthy and high-quality workplace. Discusses a selection o1 appropriate quipment available. 95lO517Q Experlmental heat transfer coefflclents during condensatlon of halogenated refrigerant8 on enhanced tuber Cavallini.A. ef aL, J. ofEnhanced Heal Transfer, 1995.2, (1). 115-12.5. The development of enhanced surfaces for condensation of r&igerants is fundamental to improve the efficiency of condensers and of refrigeration systems. The present work experimenially investigates the combina effect of geometry and vapour shear stress on heat transfer during condensation ;fr refrigerant vapour on the outside of a single horizontal enhanced External wall lnaulatlon Jun. 1995, (229). p. 13. Discusses the efficiency of external wall insulation. 95105171
Energy Wor4
95105172 Factors contrlbutln to refrigerator cycling losses Rubas, P. J. and Bullard, C. W. 3 nt. J. Refiig., Mar. 1995, 18, (3), 168-176. Discusses the oil solubility, refrigerant migration and redistribution which affect the transient and cycling performance of all refrigeration and air conditioning equipment.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts September 1995 888
Refrigeration, 1994, 18 pp. The author discusses the recent developments in supermarket refrigeration
systems, and gives details of two ammonia/secondary systems recently commissioned in Switzerland and Luxembourg. 95105152 Basic study Into domestlc heat consumption: The mlsalng llnk Zwetsloot, M. Gas (Netherlands) Jul.-Aug. 1995, 119, (7), 22-23. (In Flemish) Homes connected to a district heatin network take less energy than the average Dutch home. This was found m the first basic study into domestic heat &nsumption (1994). The objective of the study was to gain more insight into the district heating market. The study is a supplement to the existing annual basic studies into domestic natural gas and power consumption and the factors having an effect on such consumptions. 95lQ5153 A case study of energy aavlngs by usln the waterside economlser system In large office building In %ontreal Zmeureanq R. ef aL, Archit. Sci. Rev., Mar. 1995, 38, (l), 21-27. Presents a feasibility study of the implementation of a water-side economiser system ln a office building in Montreal, Canada, for reducing the electricity consumption and the peak electric demand for chillers in winter. 95105154 Challenges and achlrvemrnta of a thermal energy storage tank Abouzeloff, Y. Energy Engng., 1994, 91, (6). 6-22. Discusses the performance of a l-million-gallon thermal energy storage tank over a six year period from 1986-1981, in a commercial application to utilise existing chiller plant equipment during off-peak hours without any major modification. 95l05i 55
95105162 Draught prooflng plays key role Culley, G. Energy World, Jun. 1995, (229), p. 14. Discusses how those responsible for energy efficiency within industrial buildings should be aware of the significant benefits of draught proofing as a cost effective fuel saving measure. Dynamic behavlour of consumer lnstallatlons durflow phenomena In dlstrlct heating networka 2 en Ink, Mar. 1995, 24, (3), 91-100. (In German) Discusses hdw consumer installations connected to district heating systems whose building connections are part directly and part indirectly connected to the network. Describes an investigation of the dynamic interplay of the consumer installations with the network on the basis of a re-search project. 95lQ5163 lnn*o-spd
95105184 Effect of lnterlcr heat transfer coefflclents on thermal dvnamlca and enerav conaumotlon Kalema, T. and Haapala, T.--Energy & Buildings, 1995,22, (2), 101-113. A thermal analysis program of buildings, called TASE, has been verified in cooperation wiih thi International Energy Agency (IEA) and used to study the effects of interior heat transfer coefficient models on the thermal dvnamics of a test cell and on the enerrrv consumotion and oeak loads of an oifce building module. Measured anr calculate; ~&&rra~~~~d surface temperatures and values of the wall heat flux have been compared. The correlation equations of ASHRAE. Alamdari and Hammond and Khalifa and Marshall have been used in the calculations. Both mnstant heat transfer coefficients, i.e., average values for the whole calculation period, and variable heat transfer coefficients, i.e., those calculated for each time point iteratively using the air-surface temperature differences, have been used in the calculations. 95/05105 Electric direct heating for churches Breiden, H. and Schmidt, K. H. iieiz Lufi Hanstech, Apr. 1994,46, (4), 226-231. (In German) Discusses the use of direct electric heating for churches. Energy efflclent bulldlng 95105166 Roaf, S. and Hancock, M. feds), Blackwell Publications Ltd, London, 299 PP.
Compukr power
Pugh, J. et aL, Bldg. Sew. Environ. Engr., Apr. 1995, 18, (8). 17-26. Presents six short articles dealing with the application of computers by building services consultants and contractors.
95lO5156 Condltlon-based maintenance for bulldln aervlces Barnard, N. BSRL4 Technical Note TNII95, U5.00, BSRIA, 0 Bd Bra&e11
Lane West, Bra&tell,
Berkshire, RGl2 Z4Ii, UK, Feb. 1995, 25 pp.
An overview of the application of condition monitoring to the maintenance of building services. It is the first of four based on the results of a research project supported by DOE and EPSRC under the LINK Programme on Construction Maintenance and Refurbishment. 95105157 Cost estlmatlon and cost accounting In the dlstrlct heating Industry Schonberg. I. and Althaus, W. Fern. Int., Mar. 1995,24, (3), 101-118. (In German) _ Discusses how future developments in the field of block and district heating msut be technologically, economically and market-driven and open for technological and administrative advances. 95105158 Degree day numbers of Germany Christoffer, J. Hek Lufr Hausteclr, Mar. 1995, 46, (31, . 149-157. (In German) Discusses the data by which degree days are calculated and the factors which influence temperature in Germany. Gives tables showing degree days calculated from 1951 to 1992 based on data from diverse weather stations. 95105159 Design feaalblllty of an IntermIttent domestic energy store Tahat, M. A. et al., Applied Energy, 1995, 51, (3), 277-290. In recent years, energy storage has been recognised as a potentially significant means by which primary energy consumption can be reduced in domestic, commercial and industrial processes. An intermittent domestic thermochemical heat pump, with a 5 kW electric power output when employed as an energy store, is proposed. ‘biffennt desi options have been considered and their economic feasibilities evaluate 8 , 95tO5180
95/Q5161 Does postponed rrtroflttln Gustafsson, S. I. Hear Recovery Sys. CHP, The article discusses what happens to the life cycle cost when retrofits are postponed to fit an owner’s ‘ten year budget’.
Determlnlng the connectlon capacity
Netherlands ISSO, Supplemenr lo ISSO-4, 1994, 32 p. (In Flemish) The publication is intended as a supplement to ISSO &l blication 4 ‘Deter-
mination of the required capacity of heating systems’. It is intended for use in parallel with ISSO-4.
The book is based on ‘The Oxford Energy Lectures 1990-1991’. Topics covered are the indoors environment; design standards and controls, and health, the buildin envelope, materials, glazing, and insulation, housing, and non-domestic %* ulldings.
SSlQSl67 Ener y In bulldings - Design declalona raqulre computer slmulat Bon Hensen, J. TWL Mug., Mar. 1995, 24, (3), 37-42. (In Flemish) Describes how building energy consumption and indoor climate are the result of complex dynamic thermal interactions between the outdoor environment, building structure, environmental control systems and occupants. 95lQ5165 Envlronmental condltlonlna In InduaWv Rio, A. et aL, Chaufi Vent. Co&t, Apr. 1995, (4), 22-A. Presents five short articles dealing with current air conditioning practice for industry. 95105169 Evolving role of alr handlers In the plant Katzel, J. Plant Ensng., Mar. 1995, 49, (4), 62-66. With the increasing unportance of indoor ar quality issues. air handling plant is assuming a neti and significant role in’suppI ing i safe, healthy and high-quality workplace. Discusses a selection o1 appropriate quipment available. 95lO517Q Experlmental heat transfer coefflclents during condensatlon of halogenated refrigerant8 on enhanced tuber Cavallini.A. ef aL, J. ofEnhanced Heal Transfer, 1995.2, (1). 115-12.5. The development of enhanced surfaces for condensation of r&igerants is fundamental to improve the efficiency of condensers and of refrigeration systems. The present work experimenially investigates the combina effect of geometry and vapour shear stress on heat transfer during condensation ;fr refrigerant vapour on the outside of a single horizontal enhanced External wall lnaulatlon Jun. 1995, (229). p. 13. Discusses the efficiency of external wall insulation. 95105171
Energy Wor4
95105172 Factors contrlbutln to refrigerator cycling losses Rubas, P. J. and Bullard, C. W. 3 nt. J. Refiig., Mar. 1995, 18, (3), 168-176. Discusses the oil solubility, refrigerant migration and redistribution which affect the transient and cycling performance of all refrigeration and air conditioning equipment.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts September 1995 888