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00075 Partial oxidation of low rank coal for temperature and NOx control in combustion
So/id fuels(preparation)
01
96lOQQ74
Oxidation of coal refuse In the presence of tetrava-
lent sulfur Pasiuk-Bronikowska, W. et al., Fuel, Nov. 1995, 74, (ll), 1664-1670. The influence of the addition of SO,, Na,SO, or CaS0,.1/2 H,O to aqueous suspensions of Siersza coal-cleaning refuse on its chemical transformation during oxidative alkaline treatment was investigated. Experiments performed in a froth column under mild conditions (90°C, 0.1 MPa) resulted in (1) marked degradation of the coal to solubilized products including sulphonated derivatives, (2) relatively high desulphurization of the coal at shorter reaction times, and (3) sulphonation of the coal surface at longer times. Examination of coal transformation coupled with CaSO,.1/2 H,O autoxidation in a stirred-tank reactor with a plane gas-liquid interface under acidic conditions revealed the inhibiting effect of coal pyrite and the catalytic effect of leached iron on the autoxidation.
Partial oxidation of low rank coal for temperature and NO, control In combustion Child, E. T. et al., (Assigned to) Texaco Inc., US Pat. 5,423,894, Jun.
96/0007s 1995.
96100076
Pilot study to determine potential combustion and heat transfer benefit of using finer than standard pulverized subbituminous coal
Higazy, M. A. et al., Proc. Am. Power Co& 1995, 57, (Z), 1225-1230. In response to a potential shortage of oil and gas, a number of studies were completed in the 1980’s to investigate using very finely ground coal in place of these fuels. A consensus of the findings was that finely ground coal looked promising as a replacement for oil and gas due to an increased combustion rate, and decreased slagging and ash accumulation as coal particle size decreases. The potential benefits for the coal-fired plants that have switched to subbituminous coal to lower sulphur emissions were recognized by Detroit Edison.
96100077
Predlctlon of performance of 76.mm compound autogenous cyclone at different outlet diameters
Suresh, N. et al., Trans. Inst. Min. Metall., Seer. C, 1995, 104, 30-36. Presents a laboratory study of the cyclone treating of ~2 mm coal fines. Independent analyses were made of the performance of the separator in washing coal of particle size 2.0-0.075 mm and eO.075 mm. The concept of a generalized distribution curve was adopted to predict the performance of the cyclone.
96lQQQ83
Quallty control - IS0 9002. Registration of coal preparation plants
Laurila, M. J. Coal, Oct. 1995, 100, (lo), 44-45. The IS0 9002 provides a quality systems model for use when a conformance to specified requirements is to be assured by the supplier during production, installation, and servicing. It has application in the production of coal and more specifically, coal preparation. IS0 9002 is part of a series of IS0 9000 standards dealing with quality system requirements that can be used for external quality assurance purposes. 96lQQQ04 Refinement and use of brown coal Ewers, J. and Santuens, F. J. Brennst.-Waerme-Krafi, 1995, 47, (4), 113-117. (In German) Discusses lignite mining, power generation, upgrading and research on utilization. 96lQQQ65 Refinement and use of hard coal Jentzsch, N. Brennst.-Waerme-Krofr, 1995,47, (4), 187-190. (In German) The paper discusses coal preparation, heat and power generation, coking, use of activated carbon, gasification and hydroliquefaction. 96lQQQ86 Removal of orgsnosulfur by supercritlcal extraction of coal wlth alcohols Li, W. and Guo, S. Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao, 1995,35, (3), 325-329. (In Chinese) The acid treated coal containing organic sulphur is extracted with alcohols under supercritical conditions in semi-continuous reactor and batch reactor. The results in semicontinous reactor show that both organosul hur removal and weight loss of coal increase with increasing temperature. !h e results in batch reactor indicate that the desulphurization efficiency using ethanol as solvent is better than that using methanol. 96lQQQ67
Slllca-lmmoblllzed sulfur compounds as solid callbrants for temperature-programmed reduction and robes for the thermal behavlor of organic sulfur forms In foss PI fuels
Ismail, K. er al., Energy Fuels, 1995, 9, (4), 707-716. Silica-immobilized samples of dibenzothiophene, di-Ph sulphide, Ph benzyl sulphide, and thioanisole have been synthesized and noncatalytic tests have been conducted in atmospheric and high-pressure TPR reactors. The characterisic reduction temperatures of the non-thiophenic compounds investigated are well resolved from that of dibenzothiophene for both techniques and the results have validated previous findings by TPR on coals. 96lQQQ66
96lQQQ70 Dorsett, J. Coal, Oct. 1995, 100, (lo), 30-41. COAL’s most comprehensive study to date sheds new light on plant preparation in the USA.
The 1995 Prep Plant Survey adds more sites
96100079
Preparation of brlquets using thlckenlng agents
and blocldes Seward, I. (Assigned to) Hepworth Minerals & Chemicals Ltd., BRIT UK. Pat. GB.i,28z387, Apr. I995. The preparation of the briquets is formed from a mixture comprising particles of, coal and alkaline aqueous phenolic resin, an ester curing agent and a thickening agent for imparting green strength. The thickening agent may be an inorganic binder, e.g. a silicate, acrylic polymer, vinyl polymer or phenolic polymer.
96lQQQ8Q
Preparatlon
of
high
ash
lndlan
coals
for
carbonlzatlon Parthasarthy, L. et al., ISIJ Int., 1995, 35, (7), 819-825. Describes the development of coal preparation schemes for carbonization viz. groupwise crushing, blend crushing with prescreening of fines and groupwise crushing with prescreening of fines.
96/00061 analyzers
Preparatlon
plant
control
with
on-line
coal
Laurila, M. Coal, Sep. 1995, 100, (9), 35-36. Discusses the two most common means of justifying the expense of an online coal analyzer which are: increased clean coal recovery and consistent product quality. Describes the installation of a Gamma-Metrics Model 1812C coal analyzer on a clean coal product belt at the Westmoreland Coal Co. (USA). 96lQQQ02
Production of smokeless fuel by assortment coal coking. Industrial tests Dytko, J. and Liberacki, J. Karbo-Energochem-Ekol., 1995, 40, (1) 19-23. (In Polish) The coking conditions of an assortment of hard coal in industrial coking batteries have been specified. Hard coal of 34.Y34.2 type may be used in this process without any technical risk.
6
Fuel and Energy Abstracts January 1996
Structural stablllt of binary sulfide catalysts durIng the hydrotreatlng of coal- (Yerlved llqulds Shimada,H. et al., Bull. Sot. Chim. Belg., 1995, 104, (4), 353-358.
The structures of the supported binary sulphide caaysts, such as NiMo/AI,O, or Ni-W/A&O, catalysts, used in hydrotreating were analyzed by the X-ray absorption fine structure method. 96lQQQ69
Study of calcium-based sorbents for hlgh-temperature H,S removal. 2. Klnetlcs of H,S sorption by calclned limestone Fenouil, L. A. and Lynn, S. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1995, 34, (7), 2334-2342. Describes a kinetic study of H, sorption from simulated coal gases at 560-1100°C.
on calcined
limestone
particles
96lQQQ9Q
Supercrltlcal desulfurlzatlon of coal wlth alcohols. II. Effect of KOH treatment and solvent composltlon
Li, W. and Guo, S. Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao, 1995, 23, (l), 88-93.(In Chinese) The authors investigated the effect of KOH treatment and solvent composition on sulphur removal in both semi-continuous and batch reactors. The results in the semi-continuous reactor show that: when the coal was soaked in ethanol/KOH solution the sulphur removal increases with the increase of KOH concentration, but the sulphur removal decreases and the KOH concentration if ~19% and the soaking time is >0.5 h; the sulphur removal can be increased markedly when using ethanol/KOH solution as solvent, the maximum is 59.6%, of which the inorganic sulphur is removed preferentially; the removal of organic sulphur reaches maximum (32.9%) when the ratio of methanol/water is 1:l (mol). 96lQQQ91
Supercritical desulfurlzatlon of coal with alcohols. Il. Varlstion of sulfur forms
Li, W. and Guo, C. Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao, 1995, 23, (l), 94-98. (In Chinese) Using Moessbauer and XPS technique the sulphur forms in solid products obtained at different reaction conditions were analyzed. 96lQQQ92 Swelling of coals In relation to solvent properties Makitra, R. G. ef al., Khim. Tverd. Topl. (Moscow), 1995, (3), 3-13. (In Russian) The paper examines the linearity of free energies based on a relation between swelling degree of coal extraction residues in different solvents and their physical chemical properties.
01
96lOQQ74
Oxidation of coal refuse In the presence of tetrava-
lent sulfur Pasiuk-Bronikowska, W. et al., Fuel, Nov. 1995, 74, (ll), 1664-1670. The influence of the addition of SO,, Na,SO, or CaS0,.1/2 H,O to aqueous suspensions of Siersza coal-cleaning refuse on its chemical transformation during oxidative alkaline treatment was investigated. Experiments performed in a froth column under mild conditions (90°C, 0.1 MPa) resulted in (1) marked degradation of the coal to solubilized products including sulphonated derivatives, (2) relatively high desulphurization of the coal at shorter reaction times, and (3) sulphonation of the coal surface at longer times. Examination of coal transformation coupled with CaSO,.1/2 H,O autoxidation in a stirred-tank reactor with a plane gas-liquid interface under acidic conditions revealed the inhibiting effect of coal pyrite and the catalytic effect of leached iron on the autoxidation.
Partial oxidation of low rank coal for temperature and NO, control In combustion Child, E. T. et al., (Assigned to) Texaco Inc., US Pat. 5,423,894, Jun.
96/0007s 1995.
96100076
Pilot study to determine potential combustion and heat transfer benefit of using finer than standard pulverized subbituminous coal
Higazy, M. A. et al., Proc. Am. Power Co& 1995, 57, (Z), 1225-1230. In response to a potential shortage of oil and gas, a number of studies were completed in the 1980’s to investigate using very finely ground coal in place of these fuels. A consensus of the findings was that finely ground coal looked promising as a replacement for oil and gas due to an increased combustion rate, and decreased slagging and ash accumulation as coal particle size decreases. The potential benefits for the coal-fired plants that have switched to subbituminous coal to lower sulphur emissions were recognized by Detroit Edison.
96100077
Predlctlon of performance of 76.mm compound autogenous cyclone at different outlet diameters
Suresh, N. et al., Trans. Inst. Min. Metall., Seer. C, 1995, 104, 30-36. Presents a laboratory study of the cyclone treating of ~2 mm coal fines. Independent analyses were made of the performance of the separator in washing coal of particle size 2.0-0.075 mm and eO.075 mm. The concept of a generalized distribution curve was adopted to predict the performance of the cyclone.
96lQQQ83
Quallty control - IS0 9002. Registration of coal preparation plants
Laurila, M. J. Coal, Oct. 1995, 100, (lo), 44-45. The IS0 9002 provides a quality systems model for use when a conformance to specified requirements is to be assured by the supplier during production, installation, and servicing. It has application in the production of coal and more specifically, coal preparation. IS0 9002 is part of a series of IS0 9000 standards dealing with quality system requirements that can be used for external quality assurance purposes. 96lQQQ04 Refinement and use of brown coal Ewers, J. and Santuens, F. J. Brennst.-Waerme-Krafi, 1995, 47, (4), 113-117. (In German) Discusses lignite mining, power generation, upgrading and research on utilization. 96lQQQ65 Refinement and use of hard coal Jentzsch, N. Brennst.-Waerme-Krofr, 1995,47, (4), 187-190. (In German) The paper discusses coal preparation, heat and power generation, coking, use of activated carbon, gasification and hydroliquefaction. 96lQQQ86 Removal of orgsnosulfur by supercritlcal extraction of coal wlth alcohols Li, W. and Guo, S. Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao, 1995,35, (3), 325-329. (In Chinese) The acid treated coal containing organic sulphur is extracted with alcohols under supercritical conditions in semi-continuous reactor and batch reactor. The results in semicontinous reactor show that both organosul hur removal and weight loss of coal increase with increasing temperature. !h e results in batch reactor indicate that the desulphurization efficiency using ethanol as solvent is better than that using methanol. 96lQQQ67
Slllca-lmmoblllzed sulfur compounds as solid callbrants for temperature-programmed reduction and robes for the thermal behavlor of organic sulfur forms In foss PI fuels
Ismail, K. er al., Energy Fuels, 1995, 9, (4), 707-716. Silica-immobilized samples of dibenzothiophene, di-Ph sulphide, Ph benzyl sulphide, and thioanisole have been synthesized and noncatalytic tests have been conducted in atmospheric and high-pressure TPR reactors. The characterisic reduction temperatures of the non-thiophenic compounds investigated are well resolved from that of dibenzothiophene for both techniques and the results have validated previous findings by TPR on coals. 96lQQQ66
96lQQQ70 Dorsett, J. Coal, Oct. 1995, 100, (lo), 30-41. COAL’s most comprehensive study to date sheds new light on plant preparation in the USA.
The 1995 Prep Plant Survey adds more sites
96100079
Preparation of brlquets using thlckenlng agents
and blocldes Seward, I. (Assigned to) Hepworth Minerals & Chemicals Ltd., BRIT UK. Pat. GB.i,28z387, Apr. I995. The preparation of the briquets is formed from a mixture comprising particles of, coal and alkaline aqueous phenolic resin, an ester curing agent and a thickening agent for imparting green strength. The thickening agent may be an inorganic binder, e.g. a silicate, acrylic polymer, vinyl polymer or phenolic polymer.
96lQQQ8Q
Preparatlon
of
high
ash
lndlan
coals
for
carbonlzatlon Parthasarthy, L. et al., ISIJ Int., 1995, 35, (7), 819-825. Describes the development of coal preparation schemes for carbonization viz. groupwise crushing, blend crushing with prescreening of fines and groupwise crushing with prescreening of fines.
96/00061 analyzers
Preparatlon
plant
control
with
on-line
coal
Laurila, M. Coal, Sep. 1995, 100, (9), 35-36. Discusses the two most common means of justifying the expense of an online coal analyzer which are: increased clean coal recovery and consistent product quality. Describes the installation of a Gamma-Metrics Model 1812C coal analyzer on a clean coal product belt at the Westmoreland Coal Co. (USA). 96lQQQ02
Production of smokeless fuel by assortment coal coking. Industrial tests Dytko, J. and Liberacki, J. Karbo-Energochem-Ekol., 1995, 40, (1) 19-23. (In Polish) The coking conditions of an assortment of hard coal in industrial coking batteries have been specified. Hard coal of 34.Y34.2 type may be used in this process without any technical risk.
6
Fuel and Energy Abstracts January 1996
Structural stablllt of binary sulfide catalysts durIng the hydrotreatlng of coal- (Yerlved llqulds Shimada,H. et al., Bull. Sot. Chim. Belg., 1995, 104, (4), 353-358.
The structures of the supported binary sulphide caaysts, such as NiMo/AI,O, or Ni-W/A&O, catalysts, used in hydrotreating were analyzed by the X-ray absorption fine structure method. 96lQQQ69
Study of calcium-based sorbents for hlgh-temperature H,S removal. 2. Klnetlcs of H,S sorption by calclned limestone Fenouil, L. A. and Lynn, S. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1995, 34, (7), 2334-2342. Describes a kinetic study of H, sorption from simulated coal gases at 560-1100°C.
on calcined
limestone
particles
96lQQQ9Q
Supercrltlcal desulfurlzatlon of coal wlth alcohols. II. Effect of KOH treatment and solvent composltlon
Li, W. and Guo, S. Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao, 1995, 23, (l), 88-93.(In Chinese) The authors investigated the effect of KOH treatment and solvent composition on sulphur removal in both semi-continuous and batch reactors. The results in the semi-continuous reactor show that: when the coal was soaked in ethanol/KOH solution the sulphur removal increases with the increase of KOH concentration, but the sulphur removal decreases and the KOH concentration if ~19% and the soaking time is >0.5 h; the sulphur removal can be increased markedly when using ethanol/KOH solution as solvent, the maximum is 59.6%, of which the inorganic sulphur is removed preferentially; the removal of organic sulphur reaches maximum (32.9%) when the ratio of methanol/water is 1:l (mol). 96lQQQ91
Supercritical desulfurlzatlon of coal with alcohols. Il. Varlstion of sulfur forms
Li, W. and Guo, C. Ranliao Huaxue Xuebao, 1995, 23, (l), 94-98. (In Chinese) Using Moessbauer and XPS technique the sulphur forms in solid products obtained at different reaction conditions were analyzed. 96lQQQ92 Swelling of coals In relation to solvent properties Makitra, R. G. ef al., Khim. Tverd. Topl. (Moscow), 1995, (3), 3-13. (In Russian) The paper examines the linearity of free energies based on a relation between swelling degree of coal extraction residues in different solvents and their physical chemical properties.