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03578 Sasol Coal's Twistdraal export coal washing plant
Of
96/03573 Quick-burning coal briquettes Jun, G. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu, CN.1,106,858. Aug. 1995. (In Chinese) The briquettes consists of clay, anthracite, slag or coal gangue agent, combustion aid, lime, and borneol. The emulsifying additive is an aqueous mixture of MeOH, EtOH, and a Tween type emulsifying agent. A rank independent flotation process for combined cycle gasifiers, intrinsic bubble flotation Hippo, E. J. et al., Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (2), 1557-1560. The paper reports on work which is part of a joint international research project. The objective of the work is to investigate methods of providing clean coal for gasification. The information reported is a portion of the data generated to move the intrinsic bubble flotation process closer to commercialization.
96103574
96103575 Reducing fly ash deposition by pretreatment of brown coal: Effect of aluminum on ash character Vuthaluru, H. B. er al., Fuel Process Technol., 1996, 46, (2) 117-132. The effect of pretreatment on the structure and the related fouling/slagging behaviour of fly ash from brown coal has been investigated. Condensable sodium salts and low-melting sodium silicates are known as fouling and slagging materials. Experimental proof is given that less of such components were formed after treatment of Loy Yang brown coal with water and particularly. with Al compounds. 96103576 Reducing fly ash deposition from a brown coal by solid additives Vuthaluru, H. B. et al., Coal Sci. Techno/., 1995, 24, (1) 675-678. Presents a study of prevention of sodium based fouling and slagging by using solid additives. The reactions of sodium with kaolin, silica, and alumina were investigated. The results were compared with those seen for combustion of coal after wet pm-treatment with aluminium compounds. 96103577 Relations between functionality and macromoiecuiar properties of aiterated coals: The behavrour in soiubiiity and swelling Kuznetsov, P. K. er ul., Coal SC;. Tccltnol., 1995. 24, (1). 385-388. Discusses the effects of brown coal and bituminous coal modification\ cln their swelling behaviour and solubility in C,H,-EtOH 96103576 Sasoi Coal’s Twistdraai export coal washing plant .Mini,rg Mngrrztfre, Dec. 1995, 173, ((i), p. 312. Describes a new coal washing plant tn South Africa which will maximi\c use of the coal resources in a highly efficient automated facility, whilst at The Twtstdraai plant near the same time protecting the environment Secunda will produce an export steam coal, a middlings product to be fed to the Sasol II and III oil-from-coal plants. fine coal ?or’u\e in the Sa\ol power station and a final discard Selective aggiomerization of high rank coals with 96103579 vegetable oils Vega. J. M. el ul., Coal SCL Technol., 1995. 24. (2) 1569-1572. Describes how three Spanish anthracites were subjected to agglomeration with refined sunflower or soybean oil. The organic matter recovery >90c+ was achieved at otl concentration 20 wtC%. 96103560 Selective flocculation of coals Sergeev, P. V. ef 01.. Khim. Tverd Top/. (Moscon~). 1995. (6). 3-8. (In Kussian) Keports that in coal flocculation with commercial latexes, coal-latex adhe\ton increases as the butadiene content of the latex increases. Coal-latex agglomerates are the strongest for medium rank coals. Study of the sulfur functionaiities and physical 96103561 characteristics of a Bulgarian lignite by desulfurization techniques Maes. I. I. er u[., Coul Sri. Teclrnol., 1995. 24, (2) 1677-1680. A complete knowledge and understanding of the thermal reactivity of sulphur’ forms in coal is crucial for the development of new, efficient deaulphurization techniques. The paper reports on seven selective desulphurization treatments of a Bulgarian lignite. 96103502
Supercritical desulfurization of high rank coal with alcohol/water and alcohol/KOH 1.i. W. and Guo, S. Fuel Process. Technol., 1996, 46, (2). 143.155. A high rank coal with total sulphur of 4 90% w’as extracted employing alcohol/KOH and alcohol/water under supercritical conditions both tn a semi-continuous reactor and in a batch reactor. In the semi-continuous reactor it was found that supercritical desulphurization is mainly taking place within about one hour at 400°C. Pretreatment of coal with KOH up 10 5$ concentration was lavourable for sulphur removal. but greater KOH concentratton and longer soaktng ttme brought about the oppost~e ~e\ult\
Surface
free
energy
Solid fuels (transport, storage)
and
floatability
of low-rank
Ilolysz, L. Fuel, May 1996, 75, (6) 737-742. Measurements were made of zeta potential of low-rank coals, the surface of which was previously covered with apolar liquid to different degrees. The zeta potentials with then used for determination of the film pressure of this liquid, making it possible to calculate the apolar Lifshitz-van der Waais component of the coal surface free energy. Electron donor and electron acceptor polar components were determined by measurement of water and glycerol contact angles on coal plates.
96103564 Use of iron-based disposable catalyst for coprocessing of coal and heavy oil residues in solvent augmented coal liquefaction Badger, M W. and Harrison. G. Coal SCI. ~ec/tnol.. 1495. 24. (2). 150%1506. Coal dissolution in co-liquefaction (coprocessing) of Point of Ayr (British) coal with Forties petroleum atmosphere residue and decant oils was enhanced by the presence of a donor solvent and the addition of a sulphided catalyst-activated coal as a disposable catalyst. This solvent augmentation does not detrimentally affect coal dissolution in the process,,PI;%IP,irrrllr,C ’
Transport,
Star-age
96103565
Detection of weathering in stockpiled coals by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Ibarra. J. V. and Miranda, J I.. Vih. Specrrosr., 1996, 10, (2), 311-318. The process of natural oxidation of two low-rank coals exposed to the atmosphere for I1 months has been studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The study, was carried out on samples taken at different time intervals and addtttonal from zones where signs of high oxidation and self-ignition were detected.
Effect of microbial flora in low-grade coal on the 96103566 corrosion of 3CR12 steel Brozel, V. S. er ui., Proc. 91/r fnt. Hloderr,iot. Ric>degrad. Synp., 1993, 1~1rrirufronof Chemicctl Engiueers, Rugby, UK, 1995. 494-499. The transportation of low-grade coal in railway carriages has been found to cause accelerated corrosion of the 3CRl2 steel, leading to shortened servtce life of the carriages. The corrosive potential of two microorganisms isolated from low-grade corrosive coal against 3CR12 steel was ..~ . >
Low temperature oxidation and propensity to self96103507 ignition of Ukrainian reduced and little-reduced coals in atmospheric oxygen Pashchenko, I. V cl al., Coal Ser. Technol., 1995, 24, (1). 493-496 Discusses the integral heat of 0 absorption for Donbass coals which is prone to spontaneous ignition and is 1.5-Stimes that for coals without a propensity for spontaneous Ignition It is 1 4: tunes higher for reduced coals than for low-reduction-degree coals.
96103560
Retardation of the spontaneous ignition of bituminous coal Dong, X. and Drysdale. D. Coal SC/. 7ecltnol.. 1995, 24, (1) 501-504. Driven by the need to identify the effective inhibitor to retard the selfheating and soontaneous ignition of coal, the effect of five retardants on a bitummous coal has been experimentally investigated in a temperaturecontrolled oven. By the Frank-Kamenetskii model. the activation energy of oxidation of the retarded coal is evaluated with 4, 6. 8 and 10 cm cube sample under a temperature range from 60 to 220°C.
96/03509
Tank for conveying coal-water slurry with pulverizing deposited solids Uetoko, K and Azuma. H (,4ssigrre
Weathering of flame coal - Effect of time on proper96103590 ties and structure of coal, separated vitrite and cokes Gcrus-Piasecka. I. er u/. Con/ Ser. ~echnol., 1995. 74. (1). 489-492 Dc\crtbe\ a a~ud! 01 the impact of weathering iIn the structure and propertic\ 01 a tl,tme coal and 11s \‘rt:tte component+ and coke
Fuel and Energy
Abstracts
July
1996
255
96/03573 Quick-burning coal briquettes Jun, G. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu, CN.1,106,858. Aug. 1995. (In Chinese) The briquettes consists of clay, anthracite, slag or coal gangue agent, combustion aid, lime, and borneol. The emulsifying additive is an aqueous mixture of MeOH, EtOH, and a Tween type emulsifying agent. A rank independent flotation process for combined cycle gasifiers, intrinsic bubble flotation Hippo, E. J. et al., Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (2), 1557-1560. The paper reports on work which is part of a joint international research project. The objective of the work is to investigate methods of providing clean coal for gasification. The information reported is a portion of the data generated to move the intrinsic bubble flotation process closer to commercialization.
96103574
96103575 Reducing fly ash deposition by pretreatment of brown coal: Effect of aluminum on ash character Vuthaluru, H. B. er al., Fuel Process Technol., 1996, 46, (2) 117-132. The effect of pretreatment on the structure and the related fouling/slagging behaviour of fly ash from brown coal has been investigated. Condensable sodium salts and low-melting sodium silicates are known as fouling and slagging materials. Experimental proof is given that less of such components were formed after treatment of Loy Yang brown coal with water and particularly. with Al compounds. 96103576 Reducing fly ash deposition from a brown coal by solid additives Vuthaluru, H. B. et al., Coal Sci. Techno/., 1995, 24, (1) 675-678. Presents a study of prevention of sodium based fouling and slagging by using solid additives. The reactions of sodium with kaolin, silica, and alumina were investigated. The results were compared with those seen for combustion of coal after wet pm-treatment with aluminium compounds. 96103577 Relations between functionality and macromoiecuiar properties of aiterated coals: The behavrour in soiubiiity and swelling Kuznetsov, P. K. er ul., Coal SC;. Tccltnol., 1995. 24, (1). 385-388. Discusses the effects of brown coal and bituminous coal modification\ cln their swelling behaviour and solubility in C,H,-EtOH 96103576 Sasoi Coal’s Twistdraai export coal washing plant .Mini,rg Mngrrztfre, Dec. 1995, 173, ((i), p. 312. Describes a new coal washing plant tn South Africa which will maximi\c use of the coal resources in a highly efficient automated facility, whilst at The Twtstdraai plant near the same time protecting the environment Secunda will produce an export steam coal, a middlings product to be fed to the Sasol II and III oil-from-coal plants. fine coal ?or’u\e in the Sa\ol power station and a final discard Selective aggiomerization of high rank coals with 96103579 vegetable oils Vega. J. M. el ul., Coal SCL Technol., 1995. 24. (2) 1569-1572. Describes how three Spanish anthracites were subjected to agglomeration with refined sunflower or soybean oil. The organic matter recovery >90c+ was achieved at otl concentration 20 wtC%. 96103560 Selective flocculation of coals Sergeev, P. V. ef 01.. Khim. Tverd Top/. (Moscon~). 1995. (6). 3-8. (In Kussian) Keports that in coal flocculation with commercial latexes, coal-latex adhe\ton increases as the butadiene content of the latex increases. Coal-latex agglomerates are the strongest for medium rank coals. Study of the sulfur functionaiities and physical 96103561 characteristics of a Bulgarian lignite by desulfurization techniques Maes. I. I. er u[., Coul Sri. Teclrnol., 1995. 24, (2) 1677-1680. A complete knowledge and understanding of the thermal reactivity of sulphur’ forms in coal is crucial for the development of new, efficient deaulphurization techniques. The paper reports on seven selective desulphurization treatments of a Bulgarian lignite. 96103502
Supercritical desulfurization of high rank coal with alcohol/water and alcohol/KOH 1.i. W. and Guo, S. Fuel Process. Technol., 1996, 46, (2). 143.155. A high rank coal with total sulphur of 4 90% w’as extracted employing alcohol/KOH and alcohol/water under supercritical conditions both tn a semi-continuous reactor and in a batch reactor. In the semi-continuous reactor it was found that supercritical desulphurization is mainly taking place within about one hour at 400°C. Pretreatment of coal with KOH up 10 5$ concentration was lavourable for sulphur removal. but greater KOH concentratton and longer soaktng ttme brought about the oppost~e ~e\ult\
Surface
free
energy
Solid fuels (transport, storage)
and
floatability
of low-rank
Ilolysz, L. Fuel, May 1996, 75, (6) 737-742. Measurements were made of zeta potential of low-rank coals, the surface of which was previously covered with apolar liquid to different degrees. The zeta potentials with then used for determination of the film pressure of this liquid, making it possible to calculate the apolar Lifshitz-van der Waais component of the coal surface free energy. Electron donor and electron acceptor polar components were determined by measurement of water and glycerol contact angles on coal plates.
96103564 Use of iron-based disposable catalyst for coprocessing of coal and heavy oil residues in solvent augmented coal liquefaction Badger, M W. and Harrison. G. Coal SCI. ~ec/tnol.. 1495. 24. (2). 150%1506. Coal dissolution in co-liquefaction (coprocessing) of Point of Ayr (British) coal with Forties petroleum atmosphere residue and decant oils was enhanced by the presence of a donor solvent and the addition of a sulphided catalyst-activated coal as a disposable catalyst. This solvent augmentation does not detrimentally affect coal dissolution in the process,,PI;%IP,irrrllr,C ’
Transport,
Star-age
96103565
Detection of weathering in stockpiled coals by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Ibarra. J. V. and Miranda, J I.. Vih. Specrrosr., 1996, 10, (2), 311-318. The process of natural oxidation of two low-rank coals exposed to the atmosphere for I1 months has been studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The study, was carried out on samples taken at different time intervals and addtttonal from zones where signs of high oxidation and self-ignition were detected.
Effect of microbial flora in low-grade coal on the 96103566 corrosion of 3CR12 steel Brozel, V. S. er ui., Proc. 91/r fnt. Hloderr,iot. Ric>degrad. Synp., 1993, 1~1rrirufronof Chemicctl Engiueers, Rugby, UK, 1995. 494-499. The transportation of low-grade coal in railway carriages has been found to cause accelerated corrosion of the 3CRl2 steel, leading to shortened servtce life of the carriages. The corrosive potential of two microorganisms isolated from low-grade corrosive coal against 3CR12 steel was ..~ . >
Low temperature oxidation and propensity to self96103507 ignition of Ukrainian reduced and little-reduced coals in atmospheric oxygen Pashchenko, I. V cl al., Coal Ser. Technol., 1995, 24, (1). 493-496 Discusses the integral heat of 0 absorption for Donbass coals which is prone to spontaneous ignition and is 1.5-Stimes that for coals without a propensity for spontaneous Ignition It is 1 4: tunes higher for reduced coals than for low-reduction-degree coals.
96103560
Retardation of the spontaneous ignition of bituminous coal Dong, X. and Drysdale. D. Coal SC/. 7ecltnol.. 1995, 24, (1) 501-504. Driven by the need to identify the effective inhibitor to retard the selfheating and soontaneous ignition of coal, the effect of five retardants on a bitummous coal has been experimentally investigated in a temperaturecontrolled oven. By the Frank-Kamenetskii model. the activation energy of oxidation of the retarded coal is evaluated with 4, 6. 8 and 10 cm cube sample under a temperature range from 60 to 220°C.
96/03509
Tank for conveying coal-water slurry with pulverizing deposited solids Uetoko, K and Azuma. H (,4ssigrre
Weathering of flame coal - Effect of time on proper96103590 ties and structure of coal, separated vitrite and cokes Gcrus-Piasecka. I. er u/. Con/ Ser. ~echnol., 1995. 74. (1). 489-492 Dc\crtbe\ a a~ud! 01 the impact of weathering iIn the structure and propertic\ 01 a tl,tme coal and 11s \‘rt:tte component+ and coke
Fuel and Energy
Abstracts
July
1996
255