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03794 Ion implantation into fullerene
04 96103789 Fly ash as an additive for concrete Acha. M. Erwrgia (Madrid), 1995, 21, (S), 7743. (In Spanish) The properties of locally produced (Spain) fly ashes were examined their potential use as an additive in concrete.
for
96103790 High-sulfate coal-ash cement clinkers, and their manufacture Masuda, Y. (Asstgned to) Masuda Yoshiraka; Masuda Yoshihiro; Mlura Iwao. JAP. Pat. JP.O7,309,646, Nova.1995. 96103791 Hydrocracking of solvolysis lignin in a batch reactor Thring, R. W. and Breau, J. Fuel, May 1996, 75, (7), 795~300. A prototype organosolv lignin was hydrocracked at temperatures of 370. 410°C in the presence of tetralin, a hydrogen donor solvent. The effects of temperature and time were combined into a single severity parameter that was used to monitor the conversion of lignin to liquid and gaseous products as well as the distribution of important liquid products. A nickeltungsten catalyst was used in most of this work. At the highest severity of treatment, conversion of lignin did not exceed 50 wt%. _ .
96103792 Investigation of precursor clusters and fullerene formation by TBMD method Astakhova. T. Y er a/., F‘ulleretle Scrence & Techm~l., 19116. 3, (3). 347-356. Discusses the TBMD simulation of fullerene formation which was performed in the framework of a droplet model. It was assumed that preferable type of intermediate clusters are structures of Cayley tree type.
96103793 Investigation of properties and technological potential of coal waste from Chernovogradskaya beneficiation plant Pidgainyi. Y. M. and Prigimov. A. S. Ugol’ C/k?.. 1995. (2). 7S-28. (In Russian) Describes how the tailings from the coal washerv can be used as fillers for concrete products. They-can also be used for brick production or added to coal fuel for power stations.
By-products
related to fuels
96103799 Manufacture of A zeolites from incinceration ashes Kawai, T. et al.. (Assigtred to) Kobe Steel Ltd., JAP. Pat. JP.O7,232,913, Sep. 1995. The manufacture removes Ca compounds from raw materials and reacts in alkaline aqueous solutions by heating and stirring. The process comprises washing with water, treating with acid aqueous solution, blowing CO,, etc. The raw materials can be coal ashes, sewage sludge incineration ashes, paper-making sludge incineration ashes, fibre-reinforced plastic incineration ashes, and/or steelmaking slags. Manufacture of carbonaceous materials from sec96103800 ondary battery anodes et al., (Assigned to) Kawasaki Steel Co., JAP. Pat. Haroaka, T. 3P.O7,326,355, Dec. 1995. The preparation of the carbonaceous materials is by heat treating coal tar at 350-500”, washing and separating mesophase carbon beads from pitch matrix by using an organic solvent, and sintering the mesophase at 10003000”; where the crystalline structure of the carbonaceous materials or the average size of the mesophase beads is controlled by the free carbon content in the coal tar. 96103801 Mechanistic evaluation of fly ash asphalt concrete mixtures Ali, N. et al., J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 1996, 8, (1) 19-25. Describes a study on the effect of fly ash on the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures, and evaluates the effect of using fly ash in mitigating pavement distress and improving performance of asphalt concrete pavement. In the study four groups of specimens with various fly ash contents were studied. Metalliferous coals: A new potential source of valu96/03802 able trace elements as byproducts Seredin. V. V. and Shpirt. M. Y. Coal Sci. Technol., 19Y5, 24, (2). 1649-1652. Discusses the occurrence of elements in Siberian and Russian Far East coals as potentially valuable byproducts of combustion and coal treatment. Methanol from atmospheric carbon dioxide: A liq96103803 uid zero emission fuel for the future Weimer. T. er 01.. EtterPv Cowers. Mmt.. Jun.-Aue. 1996. 37. (61. j / 1351-1356. Methanol IS a promising liquid energy carrier for the storage of renewable energy. The comparison with hydrogen shows a lower total energy efficiency for methanol. But methanol is easv to handle within the existing transport and storage capacities of the petrol industry. Therefore it causes low investment costs for the infrastructure of a global renewable energy network. For the storage of small amounts of energy like in individual traffic and for the distribution of energy in low populated regions methanol is even the most efficient alternative. Beside hydrogen, a basic component for the synthesis of methanol is CO,. The recovery of CO, from atmosphere wilt avoid an infrastructure for CO,-transport to the place where methanol 1s generated. Yl
Ion implantation into fullerene Fink, 1) er al., Fuilererle Science & Tech/~ol., 1996, 4, (3), 535-552. Various elements - H, Li, B, Ar, Kr, Xe, Cs, Pb and Bi - have been implanted at 20 200 keV and at room temperature up to different fluences into thin fullerene layers evaporated onto polished SI substrates. Subsequently their depth profiles were determined bv NRA, NDP, or RBS analvsis. These me&urkments were compared with ion implantation into amorphous carbon and with theory. In most cases the degree of fullerene destruction was monitored by Raman spectroscopy earlier. The results show that there exists a general trend insofar as theory appears to underestimate both ranges and range stragglings for heavy projectile ions. whereas for light and medium-heavy ions experimental range results agree with theor- within some +/-300/o,’ Kanges ih amorphous c&bon appea; to be in general a little bit larger than those ones in fullerene.
96/03794
96/03795 Latest developments in the utilization of coal mining wastes Canibano, J. G. Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (2) 1629-1632. Summarizes recent studies carried out on coal mining wastes of Spain. The studies proved that such wastes can be used as filling materials in reintorced earth structures, capping layers of roads. substratum in hydroponic cultures and fuel
Liquefaction activity of supported Ni-Mo catalysts 96103796 with functions for recovery Taniguchi, H. er a/., Coal Sci. Techrroi., 1995, 24, (2) 1295-1298. Describes the two types of recoverable catalysts in coal liquefaction which were designed with the functions of the gravity and magnetic gradient separation. One IS a Ni-Mo supported on carbon black of hollow, spheres The other IS a Ni-Mo supported on carbon coated ferrite.
96103797 Low-temperature depolymerization of coal under the influence of electron acceptors Maksimova, N. E. er al., Coal Sci. Techno/., 1995, 24, (1). 321-424. The paper describes how thermal dissolution of highly metamorphized coal adducts in oetroleum residues under mild conditions resulted in high _ vields , of soluble products.
96103798 Maasvlakte fly ash plant Moret. J. B. I+brld Gem., 1995, 16-20. The paper discusses the extensive fly ash processing The Netherlands.
facility in Rotterdam
Moessbauer spectrosco y study of iron-based cat96103804 alysts used in Fischer-Tropsch synt Resis Rao. K. R. er al., Top. Caral., 1995, 2, (l), 71-7X. Describes how, Moessbauer spectroscopy mvesttgatiuns of iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts from a pilot plant demonstration run during August 1992 revealed that the ratio of iron in the octahedral site to that in the tetrahedral site in magnetite correlates with the water-gas-shift activity Molecular mass distributions of coal products rele96103805 vant to pyrolysis, liquefaction and combustion Bartle, K. D. cf al., Coal Scl. rechrtol.. 1995, 24. (l), 14351438. The paper examines the use of N-methylpyrtolidone as a replacement sol\‘ent for THF in size-exclusion chromatography and laser-induced mass analysis in mass spectroscopy of coal-tar pitch and naphthalene pitch samples New controlling method for product distribution in 96103806 Fischer-Troosch svnthesis reactions Fujimoto, K. ‘er al., ‘Top. Catal:, ,1995, 2, (1) 259-266. The paper describes how the additton of a small amount of heavy 1-olefin into a supercritical-phase or liquid-phase Fischer-Tropsch reaction medium could significantly promote the carbon-chain growth and greatly enhance the selectivity of waxy products. with increased CO conversion while suppressing methane selectivity. Non-dusty treatment of fluidized bed combustion 96103807 coal fly ash and its application to soil stabilization Kamon. M et al.. Zairyo, 1995. 44, (503), 1003-1006. (In Japanese) The paper discusses the evaluation of a dust prevention method for tluidrzed bed combustion coal fly ash and its appllcabilit! to geo-materials such ‘1\ road construction or ground improvement.
Fuel and Energy
Abstracts
July
1996
267
for
96103790 High-sulfate coal-ash cement clinkers, and their manufacture Masuda, Y. (Asstgned to) Masuda Yoshiraka; Masuda Yoshihiro; Mlura Iwao. JAP. Pat. JP.O7,309,646, Nova.1995. 96103791 Hydrocracking of solvolysis lignin in a batch reactor Thring, R. W. and Breau, J. Fuel, May 1996, 75, (7), 795~300. A prototype organosolv lignin was hydrocracked at temperatures of 370. 410°C in the presence of tetralin, a hydrogen donor solvent. The effects of temperature and time were combined into a single severity parameter that was used to monitor the conversion of lignin to liquid and gaseous products as well as the distribution of important liquid products. A nickeltungsten catalyst was used in most of this work. At the highest severity of treatment, conversion of lignin did not exceed 50 wt%. _ .
96103792 Investigation of precursor clusters and fullerene formation by TBMD method Astakhova. T. Y er a/., F‘ulleretle Scrence & Techm~l., 19116. 3, (3). 347-356. Discusses the TBMD simulation of fullerene formation which was performed in the framework of a droplet model. It was assumed that preferable type of intermediate clusters are structures of Cayley tree type.
96103793 Investigation of properties and technological potential of coal waste from Chernovogradskaya beneficiation plant Pidgainyi. Y. M. and Prigimov. A. S. Ugol’ C/k?.. 1995. (2). 7S-28. (In Russian) Describes how the tailings from the coal washerv can be used as fillers for concrete products. They-can also be used for brick production or added to coal fuel for power stations.
By-products
related to fuels
96103799 Manufacture of A zeolites from incinceration ashes Kawai, T. et al.. (Assigtred to) Kobe Steel Ltd., JAP. Pat. JP.O7,232,913, Sep. 1995. The manufacture removes Ca compounds from raw materials and reacts in alkaline aqueous solutions by heating and stirring. The process comprises washing with water, treating with acid aqueous solution, blowing CO,, etc. The raw materials can be coal ashes, sewage sludge incineration ashes, paper-making sludge incineration ashes, fibre-reinforced plastic incineration ashes, and/or steelmaking slags. Manufacture of carbonaceous materials from sec96103800 ondary battery anodes et al., (Assigned to) Kawasaki Steel Co., JAP. Pat. Haroaka, T. 3P.O7,326,355, Dec. 1995. The preparation of the carbonaceous materials is by heat treating coal tar at 350-500”, washing and separating mesophase carbon beads from pitch matrix by using an organic solvent, and sintering the mesophase at 10003000”; where the crystalline structure of the carbonaceous materials or the average size of the mesophase beads is controlled by the free carbon content in the coal tar. 96103801 Mechanistic evaluation of fly ash asphalt concrete mixtures Ali, N. et al., J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 1996, 8, (1) 19-25. Describes a study on the effect of fly ash on the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures, and evaluates the effect of using fly ash in mitigating pavement distress and improving performance of asphalt concrete pavement. In the study four groups of specimens with various fly ash contents were studied. Metalliferous coals: A new potential source of valu96/03802 able trace elements as byproducts Seredin. V. V. and Shpirt. M. Y. Coal Sci. Technol., 19Y5, 24, (2). 1649-1652. Discusses the occurrence of elements in Siberian and Russian Far East coals as potentially valuable byproducts of combustion and coal treatment. Methanol from atmospheric carbon dioxide: A liq96103803 uid zero emission fuel for the future Weimer. T. er 01.. EtterPv Cowers. Mmt.. Jun.-Aue. 1996. 37. (61. j / 1351-1356. Methanol IS a promising liquid energy carrier for the storage of renewable energy. The comparison with hydrogen shows a lower total energy efficiency for methanol. But methanol is easv to handle within the existing transport and storage capacities of the petrol industry. Therefore it causes low investment costs for the infrastructure of a global renewable energy network. For the storage of small amounts of energy like in individual traffic and for the distribution of energy in low populated regions methanol is even the most efficient alternative. Beside hydrogen, a basic component for the synthesis of methanol is CO,. The recovery of CO, from atmosphere wilt avoid an infrastructure for CO,-transport to the place where methanol 1s generated. Yl
Ion implantation into fullerene Fink, 1) er al., Fuilererle Science & Tech/~ol., 1996, 4, (3), 535-552. Various elements - H, Li, B, Ar, Kr, Xe, Cs, Pb and Bi - have been implanted at 20 200 keV and at room temperature up to different fluences into thin fullerene layers evaporated onto polished SI substrates. Subsequently their depth profiles were determined bv NRA, NDP, or RBS analvsis. These me&urkments were compared with ion implantation into amorphous carbon and with theory. In most cases the degree of fullerene destruction was monitored by Raman spectroscopy earlier. The results show that there exists a general trend insofar as theory appears to underestimate both ranges and range stragglings for heavy projectile ions. whereas for light and medium-heavy ions experimental range results agree with theor- within some +/-300/o,’ Kanges ih amorphous c&bon appea; to be in general a little bit larger than those ones in fullerene.
96/03794
96/03795 Latest developments in the utilization of coal mining wastes Canibano, J. G. Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (2) 1629-1632. Summarizes recent studies carried out on coal mining wastes of Spain. The studies proved that such wastes can be used as filling materials in reintorced earth structures, capping layers of roads. substratum in hydroponic cultures and fuel
Liquefaction activity of supported Ni-Mo catalysts 96103796 with functions for recovery Taniguchi, H. er a/., Coal Sci. Techrroi., 1995, 24, (2) 1295-1298. Describes the two types of recoverable catalysts in coal liquefaction which were designed with the functions of the gravity and magnetic gradient separation. One IS a Ni-Mo supported on carbon black of hollow, spheres The other IS a Ni-Mo supported on carbon coated ferrite.
96103797 Low-temperature depolymerization of coal under the influence of electron acceptors Maksimova, N. E. er al., Coal Sci. Techno/., 1995, 24, (1). 321-424. The paper describes how thermal dissolution of highly metamorphized coal adducts in oetroleum residues under mild conditions resulted in high _ vields , of soluble products.
96103798 Maasvlakte fly ash plant Moret. J. B. I+brld Gem., 1995, 16-20. The paper discusses the extensive fly ash processing The Netherlands.
facility in Rotterdam
Moessbauer spectrosco y study of iron-based cat96103804 alysts used in Fischer-Tropsch synt Resis Rao. K. R. er al., Top. Caral., 1995, 2, (l), 71-7X. Describes how, Moessbauer spectroscopy mvesttgatiuns of iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts from a pilot plant demonstration run during August 1992 revealed that the ratio of iron in the octahedral site to that in the tetrahedral site in magnetite correlates with the water-gas-shift activity Molecular mass distributions of coal products rele96103805 vant to pyrolysis, liquefaction and combustion Bartle, K. D. cf al., Coal Scl. rechrtol.. 1995, 24. (l), 14351438. The paper examines the use of N-methylpyrtolidone as a replacement sol\‘ent for THF in size-exclusion chromatography and laser-induced mass analysis in mass spectroscopy of coal-tar pitch and naphthalene pitch samples New controlling method for product distribution in 96103806 Fischer-Troosch svnthesis reactions Fujimoto, K. ‘er al., ‘Top. Catal:, ,1995, 2, (1) 259-266. The paper describes how the additton of a small amount of heavy 1-olefin into a supercritical-phase or liquid-phase Fischer-Tropsch reaction medium could significantly promote the carbon-chain growth and greatly enhance the selectivity of waxy products. with increased CO conversion while suppressing methane selectivity. Non-dusty treatment of fluidized bed combustion 96103807 coal fly ash and its application to soil stabilization Kamon. M et al.. Zairyo, 1995. 44, (503), 1003-1006. (In Japanese) The paper discusses the evaluation of a dust prevention method for tluidrzed bed combustion coal fly ash and its appllcabilit! to geo-materials such ‘1\ road construction or ground improvement.
Fuel and Energy
Abstracts
July
1996
267