- Email: [email protected]
03993 Effect of trackers and maximum power point trackers in stand alobne PV systems
Alternative energy sources (solar energy)
07
96103986 CH,-utilization and CO?-mitigation in the metaiiurgicai industry via solar thermochemistry Steinfeld, A. et al., Energy Comers. Mgmr., Jun.-Aug. 1996. 37, (6), 1327-1332. Discusses the industrial production of metals by carbothermic reduction of their oxides which are high-temperature energy-intensive processes that release vast amounts of greenhouse gases and other pollutants to the atmosphere.
96103995 Efficient photocatalysts for the reduction of aqueous carbonate and Cr(Vi) Malati, M. A. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solor Cells, Mar. 1996, 40, (l), l-4. The efficiency of the photocatalysts MoS,, ZnTe or CdSe for the reduction of aqueous carbonate or Cr(VI) is compared with that of the usual catalyst Ptianatase P25.
Coal gasification by the coal/CH,-ZnO-Zn-H,O solar 96103907 energy conversion system 1996. 37, (6), Tsuji, M. et al., Energy Conl’ers. Mgmt., Jun.-Aug.
16% efficient thin silicon solar ceil by liquid phase 96103996 epitaxy Blakers, A. W. et al., Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania,
1315-1320.
Describes the coal/CH,-ZnO-Zn-H,O system which has been proposed for the 2-step efficient chemical conversion system of fossil fuels using a solar energy as the process heat and fossil fueliZn0 redox system. Combined solar heated and low energy design at 96103960 EgebJerggard, Denmark Pedersen, P. V. TFVVS Danvak, Nov. 1995, 31, (13), 4-8. (In Danish) Describes a housing project in Denmark comprising 100 solar-heated and low energy dwellings completed in 1992. 96103969
Comparing photovoitaic and solar thermal cooling Gems, B. and Fett. F. N. Ki Luff Kalrerech., Nov. 1995, 31, (11). 522-525. (In German) The paper compares the systems and operating principles which demonstrates that photovoltaic refrigeration using an ozone-friendly refrigerant has a fundamental and significant superiority over solar cooling. A comparison of Chenath, the nationwide house 96103990 ener y rating scheme simulation engine, with measured test cell %ata Delsante, A. E. Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, ANZSES,
Box I24,
Caulfield
East,
Vie. 314.5, Australia.
The Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme simulation engine, CHENATH. was comuared with measured data from three test cells with single glazing, double ‘glazing or no glazing. The cells (located in England) were intermittently heated for one week in October and free-running for one week in May.. Comparisons were made for south-facing vertical solar radiation. heating energy, and temperatures. Don’t forget solar chemistry-Or can you imagine a 96103991 Jumbo Jet flying on batteries7 Luzzi, A. Solar Progress, Jan.-Feb. 1996, 17, (l), 5-7. The author focuses on issues that don’t get a great deal of attention: solar chemistry technologies, and the use of solar energy in waste clean up technologies. Suggests that it might be time to consider treating wastes on site, and to take another look at some conventional technologies and see how solar energy can replace fossil energy. The effect of occupancy patterns on the long-term 96103992 performance of roof-space solar-energy collectors on domestic dwellings in a Northern Europe climate Lo, S. N. and Norton, B. Solar Energy, Feb. 1996, 56, (2), 113-150. A non-invasive approach to determining the thermal performance of a roof-space solar-energy collector on occupied dwellings was investigated. Effect of trackers and maximum power point track96/03993 ers in stand alone PV systems Wilmot. N. and Prvor. T. Proc. Solar ‘95 Corlfererlce, Hobo?-& Tasmanra, ANZSES,
Box 124: Cbulfield
East, Vie. 3145, Australia.
The use of solar array trackers and maximum power point tracker (MPPT) has been very successfully used in waler pumping applications. The benefits of using this equipment for typical RAPS applications have been . . assumed from rhe water pumping .experience and- from calculated mismatch factors between arrav and batter11 characteristics. This has led to rule of thumb estimates that trackers impro;e daily array output by up to a third and MPPTs improve photovoltaic output by around 10%. Presents an initial experimental result from the comparison of three 450 Watt photovolraic arrays: one is mounted on an electronic tracking array frame with an MPPT: the second arrav with a fixed frame and an MPPT; and a third with fixed frame and a stanhard series regulator. Efficiency improvement of fiat-plate solar air 96103994 heaters Ellergy, Jun. 1906. 21. (6). Lin, Ho-Ming Yeh. and Tong-Tshien 435.443. The effect of parallel barriers on the collector efficiency of flat-plate solar air heaters has been investigated theoretically and experImentally. The barriers were. placed with uniform spacing and in parallel, thereby dividing the air channel (collector) into parallel subchannels (subcollectors) of the same size. These subcollectors were connected in series so that air flowed through them in sequentially reversed directions. Experimental studies were performed for different locations of the barriers. The theoretical predictions agree reasonably well with experimental results. The optimal barrier location for maximum collector efficiency is the cenlre line of the collecror. The collector efficiency increases theoretically as the number of harriers increases.
ANZSES,
Row 124 Caulfield
East, Vie. 3145, Australia.
The authors report on how they have grown silicon films up to 50 microns in thickness on crystalline silicon substrates, using the technique of liquid phase epitaxy. Solar cells fabricated on the epitaxial layers have achieved efficiencies up to 18.1% by incorporating effective light trapping into the cell structure and reducing recombination losses in the cell. Electric windows: A Beakthrough in photovoltaics D. and Maine, T. Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, ANZSES, Box 124, Caulfield East, Vie. 3145, Australia. Describes a new type of solar cell which has been developed in Switzerland. The cell ulilizes titania which is sensitized to visible light by a ruthenium dye. The properties and construction of the cell are such that it is tinted but transparent. A licence for the Swiss technology has been bought by an Australian company, Silicon Technologies Australia Ltd., with the view to making windows which generate electricity. 96103997 Matthews,
96103998 Tjengdrawira, ANZSES,
Electron irradiation of thin silicon space solar cells C. et al., Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania,
Box 124, Caulfield
East, Vie. 3145, Australia.
Solar cells have many advantageous characteristics for space application. However, the high energy radhtion present seriously degrades-iheir performance. Conventional silicon solar cells used in space are around 300 urn thick. It has been moved that thinner cells offer an advantage over conventional thick ceils :n terms of radiation resistance. Althouggthe initial efficiencies of thin cells are not as high, the high end-of-life values make them preferable. Additionally, they increase the power-to-mass ratio of the solar space system, reducing launch costs. Several silicon solar cells with thickness around 50-60 and 300 urn were fabricated. The use of a Transmission electron microscone to simulate electron bombardment moved to be valued. The irradiation damage resulted in a reduced performance Elements of a comprehensive solar and daylight 96103999 resource assessment for New Zealand Biltar, A. ef al., Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, ANZSES, Box 124 Caulfield East, Vie. 3145, Australia.
As a step towards greater implementation in New Zealand of energy efficiency measures and solar energy conversion technologies, a comprehensive, site specific resource assessment programme has been initiated at the New Zealand Institute for Industrial Research and F Development (IRL). Presents the elements of this programme and recent results dn short&mestep yearly solar irradiance and illuminance components (global, diffuse and direct) are described for a New Zealand site 96/04000 power Anderson,
Energy _. and the tax base: P.
implications
‘95 Conference, Hobart, East, Vie. 3145, Aurtralia.
Proc. Solar
Box 124 Caulfield
The aim of the paper is to within society to the wider addressed. In fact until the energy sources is unlikely
for
solar
Tasmania, ANZSES,
demonstrate that in implementing a changeover use of solar power, the tax system must also be tax system is addressed, a change to renewable within the next fifty years.
Evaluation of a solar water desalination plant in 96104001 rural Pakistan Yousuf, M. and Fuller, R. J. Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasma,110, A!GZSES, Box 124, Caulfield East, Vie. 314.5, Australia.
Describes a solar water desalination plant installed at Vajuto village in Pakistan and evaluates the performance of the plant, in both thermodynamic and economic terms. Experimental analysis of the efficiency of heteros96104002 tructure GaAs-AiGaAs solar cells Ragay, F. W. et al., Solar Energ), Materials B Solar Cells, Mar. 1996, 40, (I), 5-21. Some years ago Multiple Quantum Wells (MQW) solar cells were introduced as an alternative to obtain high efficiences. Based on the simple Shockley diode model, the short-circuil current could be increased without loss in the open-circuit voltage. Applying the detailed balanced Fheory. including radiative recombination in the i-region. leads to less optimistic plcdictions of the limiting efficiency of MQW cells. The authors present an experimental study in order to compare the efficiency of MQW solar ceils \vith heterostructure cells with graded .A1 compositions and single bandgap $olar cells.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
July 1996
279
07
96103986 CH,-utilization and CO?-mitigation in the metaiiurgicai industry via solar thermochemistry Steinfeld, A. et al., Energy Comers. Mgmr., Jun.-Aug. 1996. 37, (6), 1327-1332. Discusses the industrial production of metals by carbothermic reduction of their oxides which are high-temperature energy-intensive processes that release vast amounts of greenhouse gases and other pollutants to the atmosphere.
96103995 Efficient photocatalysts for the reduction of aqueous carbonate and Cr(Vi) Malati, M. A. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solor Cells, Mar. 1996, 40, (l), l-4. The efficiency of the photocatalysts MoS,, ZnTe or CdSe for the reduction of aqueous carbonate or Cr(VI) is compared with that of the usual catalyst Ptianatase P25.
Coal gasification by the coal/CH,-ZnO-Zn-H,O solar 96103907 energy conversion system 1996. 37, (6), Tsuji, M. et al., Energy Conl’ers. Mgmt., Jun.-Aug.
16% efficient thin silicon solar ceil by liquid phase 96103996 epitaxy Blakers, A. W. et al., Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania,
1315-1320.
Describes the coal/CH,-ZnO-Zn-H,O system which has been proposed for the 2-step efficient chemical conversion system of fossil fuels using a solar energy as the process heat and fossil fueliZn0 redox system. Combined solar heated and low energy design at 96103960 EgebJerggard, Denmark Pedersen, P. V. TFVVS Danvak, Nov. 1995, 31, (13), 4-8. (In Danish) Describes a housing project in Denmark comprising 100 solar-heated and low energy dwellings completed in 1992. 96103969
Comparing photovoitaic and solar thermal cooling Gems, B. and Fett. F. N. Ki Luff Kalrerech., Nov. 1995, 31, (11). 522-525. (In German) The paper compares the systems and operating principles which demonstrates that photovoltaic refrigeration using an ozone-friendly refrigerant has a fundamental and significant superiority over solar cooling. A comparison of Chenath, the nationwide house 96103990 ener y rating scheme simulation engine, with measured test cell %ata Delsante, A. E. Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, ANZSES,
Box I24,
Caulfield
East,
Vie. 314.5, Australia.
The Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme simulation engine, CHENATH. was comuared with measured data from three test cells with single glazing, double ‘glazing or no glazing. The cells (located in England) were intermittently heated for one week in October and free-running for one week in May.. Comparisons were made for south-facing vertical solar radiation. heating energy, and temperatures. Don’t forget solar chemistry-Or can you imagine a 96103991 Jumbo Jet flying on batteries7 Luzzi, A. Solar Progress, Jan.-Feb. 1996, 17, (l), 5-7. The author focuses on issues that don’t get a great deal of attention: solar chemistry technologies, and the use of solar energy in waste clean up technologies. Suggests that it might be time to consider treating wastes on site, and to take another look at some conventional technologies and see how solar energy can replace fossil energy. The effect of occupancy patterns on the long-term 96103992 performance of roof-space solar-energy collectors on domestic dwellings in a Northern Europe climate Lo, S. N. and Norton, B. Solar Energy, Feb. 1996, 56, (2), 113-150. A non-invasive approach to determining the thermal performance of a roof-space solar-energy collector on occupied dwellings was investigated. Effect of trackers and maximum power point track96/03993 ers in stand alone PV systems Wilmot. N. and Prvor. T. Proc. Solar ‘95 Corlfererlce, Hobo?-& Tasmanra, ANZSES,
Box 124: Cbulfield
East, Vie. 3145, Australia.
The use of solar array trackers and maximum power point tracker (MPPT) has been very successfully used in waler pumping applications. The benefits of using this equipment for typical RAPS applications have been . . assumed from rhe water pumping .experience and- from calculated mismatch factors between arrav and batter11 characteristics. This has led to rule of thumb estimates that trackers impro;e daily array output by up to a third and MPPTs improve photovoltaic output by around 10%. Presents an initial experimental result from the comparison of three 450 Watt photovolraic arrays: one is mounted on an electronic tracking array frame with an MPPT: the second arrav with a fixed frame and an MPPT; and a third with fixed frame and a stanhard series regulator. Efficiency improvement of fiat-plate solar air 96103994 heaters Ellergy, Jun. 1906. 21. (6). Lin, Ho-Ming Yeh. and Tong-Tshien 435.443. The effect of parallel barriers on the collector efficiency of flat-plate solar air heaters has been investigated theoretically and experImentally. The barriers were. placed with uniform spacing and in parallel, thereby dividing the air channel (collector) into parallel subchannels (subcollectors) of the same size. These subcollectors were connected in series so that air flowed through them in sequentially reversed directions. Experimental studies were performed for different locations of the barriers. The theoretical predictions agree reasonably well with experimental results. The optimal barrier location for maximum collector efficiency is the cenlre line of the collecror. The collector efficiency increases theoretically as the number of harriers increases.
ANZSES,
Row 124 Caulfield
East, Vie. 3145, Australia.
The authors report on how they have grown silicon films up to 50 microns in thickness on crystalline silicon substrates, using the technique of liquid phase epitaxy. Solar cells fabricated on the epitaxial layers have achieved efficiencies up to 18.1% by incorporating effective light trapping into the cell structure and reducing recombination losses in the cell. Electric windows: A Beakthrough in photovoltaics D. and Maine, T. Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, ANZSES, Box 124, Caulfield East, Vie. 3145, Australia. Describes a new type of solar cell which has been developed in Switzerland. The cell ulilizes titania which is sensitized to visible light by a ruthenium dye. The properties and construction of the cell are such that it is tinted but transparent. A licence for the Swiss technology has been bought by an Australian company, Silicon Technologies Australia Ltd., with the view to making windows which generate electricity. 96103997 Matthews,
96103998 Tjengdrawira, ANZSES,
Electron irradiation of thin silicon space solar cells C. et al., Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania,
Box 124, Caulfield
East, Vie. 3145, Australia.
Solar cells have many advantageous characteristics for space application. However, the high energy radhtion present seriously degrades-iheir performance. Conventional silicon solar cells used in space are around 300 urn thick. It has been moved that thinner cells offer an advantage over conventional thick ceils :n terms of radiation resistance. Althouggthe initial efficiencies of thin cells are not as high, the high end-of-life values make them preferable. Additionally, they increase the power-to-mass ratio of the solar space system, reducing launch costs. Several silicon solar cells with thickness around 50-60 and 300 urn were fabricated. The use of a Transmission electron microscone to simulate electron bombardment moved to be valued. The irradiation damage resulted in a reduced performance Elements of a comprehensive solar and daylight 96103999 resource assessment for New Zealand Biltar, A. ef al., Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, ANZSES, Box 124 Caulfield East, Vie. 3145, Australia.
As a step towards greater implementation in New Zealand of energy efficiency measures and solar energy conversion technologies, a comprehensive, site specific resource assessment programme has been initiated at the New Zealand Institute for Industrial Research and F Development (IRL). Presents the elements of this programme and recent results dn short&mestep yearly solar irradiance and illuminance components (global, diffuse and direct) are described for a New Zealand site 96/04000 power Anderson,
Energy _. and the tax base: P.
implications
‘95 Conference, Hobart, East, Vie. 3145, Aurtralia.
Proc. Solar
Box 124 Caulfield
The aim of the paper is to within society to the wider addressed. In fact until the energy sources is unlikely
for
solar
Tasmania, ANZSES,
demonstrate that in implementing a changeover use of solar power, the tax system must also be tax system is addressed, a change to renewable within the next fifty years.
Evaluation of a solar water desalination plant in 96104001 rural Pakistan Yousuf, M. and Fuller, R. J. Proc. Solar ‘95 Conference, Hobart, Tasma,110, A!GZSES, Box 124, Caulfield East, Vie. 314.5, Australia.
Describes a solar water desalination plant installed at Vajuto village in Pakistan and evaluates the performance of the plant, in both thermodynamic and economic terms. Experimental analysis of the efficiency of heteros96104002 tructure GaAs-AiGaAs solar cells Ragay, F. W. et al., Solar Energ), Materials B Solar Cells, Mar. 1996, 40, (I), 5-21. Some years ago Multiple Quantum Wells (MQW) solar cells were introduced as an alternative to obtain high efficiences. Based on the simple Shockley diode model, the short-circuil current could be increased without loss in the open-circuit voltage. Applying the detailed balanced Fheory. including radiative recombination in the i-region. leads to less optimistic plcdictions of the limiting efficiency of MQW cells. The authors present an experimental study in order to compare the efficiency of MQW solar ceils \vith heterostructure cells with graded .A1 compositions and single bandgap $olar cells.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
July 1996
279