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05340 Selection of coal gasification technology suitable for combined cycle power generation
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Effects of rotatlng gaseous flows on transient 96105329 droplet dynamics and heatlng Xin, J. and Megaridis, C. M. Inr. J. Hear & Fluid Fbw, Feb. 1996, 17, (1) 52-62. In this paper, the effects of rotating gaseous flows on transient droplet dynamics and heating are investigated theoretically. Endwall heat transfer measurements In an annular 96105330 cascade of nozzle gulde vanes at engine representative Reynolds and Mach numbers Spencer, M. C. et al., Int. _I. Hear & Fluid Flow, Apr. 1996, 17, (2), 139147. Aerodvnamic and heat transfer measurements have been made on the hub and casing endwalls of a large (mean diameter l.lm) annular cascade of high-pressure nozzle guide vanes. The measurements have been made over a range of engine representative Mach and Reynolds numbers and with large levels of free-stream turbulence intensity. The transient liquid crystal technique has been employed, which has the advantage of yielding full surface maps of heat transfer coefficient. Aerodynamic measurements of Mach number distributions on the end-wall surfaces are also presented, along with surface-shear flow visualisation using oil and dye techniques. The heat transfer results are discussed and interpreted in terms of the secondary flow and Mach number patterns. 9610533 1 First MS9001EC gas turblne to power steel plant In Argentina MB, Modern Power Systems, Jun. 1996, 16, (6). 39, 41-42. Re orts that the first GE MS9OOlEC (9EC) gas turbine, to be site-rated at 16 R MW, will be shipped later this vear from GE’s gas turhine plant in Greenville, SC, for arrival at the site.in early 1997. 96105332
GT26 repowers Rheinhafen Brandauer, M et ai.. ,ZfP.S,Moderrt Power S)‘uemv. hla! 1996, 16, (5). 39,41,43,45,47-48. Describes a steam power plant owned by the German utility Badenwerk AG, Karlsruhe. a rehabilitation project which is currently being completed vvhich is likely to serve as an example for a large number of similar plants throughout the world. The project will see an old coal fired unit replaced \vith a combined cycle unit which uses ABB’s advanced GT26 gas turhine. The Influence of the heat capacity of combustion 96105333 gases on the performance of a diesel engine Hawley, J. G. et al., J. Inst. of Energy,Jun. 1996, 69, (479), 54-58. Expertmental measurements have been made of cylinder pressure, crank angle, ignition delay, exhaust-gas temperature and fuel consumption for a 3.0-litre diesel engine operating on air and on mixtures of oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon and helium. The performance of the engine was evaluated over the available load range at speeds of 1600, 1800 and 2000 min.‘, and also under maximum load conditions at various speeds. Results show that the ratio of heat capacities of the gas at the point of fuel injection is the major factor in determining the performance in comparison with natural air operation. A mixture of oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon and helium was prepared which gave an engine performance close to that for operation on air. A method for digital governor analysis 96105334 Tripathy, S. C. Energy Cowers. Mgmt., May 1996, 37, (5), 541-552. The use of digital devices for normal operation and control in the electric utility industry is increasing at a fast pace. By nature, the operation of these devices is discrete and so continuous system ana!ytical techniques are not applicable. The paper utilizes a techmque, especially suitable for discrete systems, to analyse a real-time digital governor deslgned and built by the author. A comparison of theoretical results obtained by this method and experimental results shows good correlation. Optimum economy and efficiency in energy con96105335 sumption during start-up and shut-down of 210 MW thermal power stations Paul, I. P. er al., Energy Corners. 12fgmf., Apr. 1996, 37,, (4), 495-500. The paper reports the results of investigations for reduction in auxiliary power for reliable running of Indian thermal power generation plants with optimum economy and efficiency in power consumption. The problems during start-up, loading and shut-down, leading to delays, thus higher energy consumption, and measures to be adopted to overcome the same have been described. Performance analysis of gas turbine air-bottoming 96105336 combined system xajjar, Y. S. and Zaamout, M. S. Etwrgy Corwers. Mgmr., Apr. 1996, 37, (4). 399-403. The gas turbine engine has low capital cost compared with steam power plants. It has environmental advantages and short construction lead time. However, conventional industrial engines have lower efficiences. One of the technologies adopted nowadays for improvement is the utilization of combined cycles. In this work, air bottoming cycle instead of steam is suggested and analyzed. Besides reducing the cost of hardware installations,, it could achieve a thermal efficiency of about 49%, which does not deteriorate at part load as happens with the basic gas turbine engine.
Engines (power generation
and propulsion,electric vehicles)
Protective oxldes In coal-flred combined cycle 96105337 power systems Simms, N. J. and Oakey, J. E. Mater. High Temp., 1995, 13, (2), 75-80. In most industrial processes operating at elevated temperatures, protective oxide layers perform a vital duty in protecting the underlying metallic alloys from process gases. Coal-fired combined cycle power generation systems present a number of process conditions in which the properties of the protective oxide layers are particularly important. The paper discusses two of these particular conditions.
96105336 Repowerlng a steam power plant b means of fluldised-bed combustion and a two-shaft gas turb Yne Najjar, Y. S. and Habeebullah, M. 13. J. Inst. o/Energy, Jun. 1996, 69, (479), 112-I 18. Utilities have been adopting repowering as an option in their plans to meet the growth in loading. In this work repowering of older and marginally efficient steam plant by conversion to combined-cycle operation is carried out by the addition of a twin-shaft gas-turbine engine and a pressurized fluidised-bed combustor (PFBC). The low-pressure compressor rotates at variable speed to provide the PFBC with the required mass of air to satisfy various load conditions. A computer programm was designed for computations of performance.
96105339 Fiepowering with G technology turbines Guilfoyle, C. and Pace, S. .VPS. Modern Power Systems, May 1996, 16, (5) 53, 55, 57. Describes a study of the Westinghouse SOlF and 501G combustion turbines which shows that in a repowering application the turbines are a good match for 100 hlW steam turbines, with generation costs 6% lower than with F technology turbines. The results also indicate that generation costs for greenfield installations are 34% higher than for the repowering option.
96105340 Selection of coal gasification technology suitable for combined cycle power generation Rukhlinskii, V. V. and Genasimenko, V. Y. Tyrczh. Mashinostr., 1995, (5) 30-31. (In Russian) The paper discusses the processes for coal gasification for combined cycle power generation.
96105341
The study of thermodynamic cycle and entropy change in a turbocharged DI diesel engine Chan, S. H. and Toh, K. C. J. Itrtr. of Energ),. Jun. 1996, 69, (479). 101-111. A software program has been developed for calculating the thermodynamic cycle, in particular the entropy changes, in a turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine, based on the measured cylinder pressure and the output of a shaft encoder. Assumptions of homogeneous mixture and equilibrium thermodynamic properties are made for the products of combustion, and the temporal variation in the fluid thermodynamic state is followed in a quasisteady manner through a series of adjacent equilibrium states, separated by finite intervals of 1” crank angle. Calculations of the thermodynamic properties and equilibrium chemical products of fuel-air reaction are based on the method of minimising Gibbs free energy with a flexibly defined number of product species. The effect of the engine operating conditions on the thermodynamic cycle is studied.
System evaluation and LBTU fuel combustion 96105342 studies for IGCC power generation Cook, C. S. er al., J. Eng. Gas Turbirtes Power, 19Y5, 117. (4), 673-677. Discusses the integration of gas turbines and combined cycle systems with advances in coal gasification and gas stream cleanup systems which will result in economically viable IGCC systems. Thermodynamic evaluation of the co-product heat 96105343 Franke, U. Erlrolreat Br Pi4.r. Fern. Irlremar., Jan.-Feb. 1996, 25, (l), 52-57. (In German) Discusses the application of thermodynamics to the evaluation of combined heat and power production.
Trace element partitioning during coal gasification 96105344 Helble, J. J. cr al., Fuel, Jun. 1996, 75, (E), 931-939. The fate of trace element pollutants in integrated gasification combinedcycle (IGCC) systems is closely tied to their volatilizaiton in the gasifier and subsequent condensation or reaction with fine fly ash particles. The results of an experimental bench-scale programme to measure the partitioning of selected trace elements during atmospheric pressure entrained flow gasification of Illinois Ko. 6 bituminous coal are presented. The experimental data are used in conjunction with thermodynamic equilibrium calculations IO investigate the downstream hehaviour of the volatile elements.
Fuel and Energy
Abstracts
September
1996
373
Effects of rotatlng gaseous flows on transient 96105329 droplet dynamics and heatlng Xin, J. and Megaridis, C. M. Inr. J. Hear & Fluid Fbw, Feb. 1996, 17, (1) 52-62. In this paper, the effects of rotating gaseous flows on transient droplet dynamics and heating are investigated theoretically. Endwall heat transfer measurements In an annular 96105330 cascade of nozzle gulde vanes at engine representative Reynolds and Mach numbers Spencer, M. C. et al., Int. _I. Hear & Fluid Flow, Apr. 1996, 17, (2), 139147. Aerodvnamic and heat transfer measurements have been made on the hub and casing endwalls of a large (mean diameter l.lm) annular cascade of high-pressure nozzle guide vanes. The measurements have been made over a range of engine representative Mach and Reynolds numbers and with large levels of free-stream turbulence intensity. The transient liquid crystal technique has been employed, which has the advantage of yielding full surface maps of heat transfer coefficient. Aerodynamic measurements of Mach number distributions on the end-wall surfaces are also presented, along with surface-shear flow visualisation using oil and dye techniques. The heat transfer results are discussed and interpreted in terms of the secondary flow and Mach number patterns. 9610533 1 First MS9001EC gas turblne to power steel plant In Argentina MB, Modern Power Systems, Jun. 1996, 16, (6). 39, 41-42. Re orts that the first GE MS9OOlEC (9EC) gas turbine, to be site-rated at 16 R MW, will be shipped later this vear from GE’s gas turhine plant in Greenville, SC, for arrival at the site.in early 1997. 96105332
GT26 repowers Rheinhafen Brandauer, M et ai.. ,ZfP.S,Moderrt Power S)‘uemv. hla! 1996, 16, (5). 39,41,43,45,47-48. Describes a steam power plant owned by the German utility Badenwerk AG, Karlsruhe. a rehabilitation project which is currently being completed vvhich is likely to serve as an example for a large number of similar plants throughout the world. The project will see an old coal fired unit replaced \vith a combined cycle unit which uses ABB’s advanced GT26 gas turhine. The Influence of the heat capacity of combustion 96105333 gases on the performance of a diesel engine Hawley, J. G. et al., J. Inst. of Energy,Jun. 1996, 69, (479), 54-58. Expertmental measurements have been made of cylinder pressure, crank angle, ignition delay, exhaust-gas temperature and fuel consumption for a 3.0-litre diesel engine operating on air and on mixtures of oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon and helium. The performance of the engine was evaluated over the available load range at speeds of 1600, 1800 and 2000 min.‘, and also under maximum load conditions at various speeds. Results show that the ratio of heat capacities of the gas at the point of fuel injection is the major factor in determining the performance in comparison with natural air operation. A mixture of oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon and helium was prepared which gave an engine performance close to that for operation on air. A method for digital governor analysis 96105334 Tripathy, S. C. Energy Cowers. Mgmt., May 1996, 37, (5), 541-552. The use of digital devices for normal operation and control in the electric utility industry is increasing at a fast pace. By nature, the operation of these devices is discrete and so continuous system ana!ytical techniques are not applicable. The paper utilizes a techmque, especially suitable for discrete systems, to analyse a real-time digital governor deslgned and built by the author. A comparison of theoretical results obtained by this method and experimental results shows good correlation. Optimum economy and efficiency in energy con96105335 sumption during start-up and shut-down of 210 MW thermal power stations Paul, I. P. er al., Energy Corners. 12fgmf., Apr. 1996, 37,, (4), 495-500. The paper reports the results of investigations for reduction in auxiliary power for reliable running of Indian thermal power generation plants with optimum economy and efficiency in power consumption. The problems during start-up, loading and shut-down, leading to delays, thus higher energy consumption, and measures to be adopted to overcome the same have been described. Performance analysis of gas turbine air-bottoming 96105336 combined system xajjar, Y. S. and Zaamout, M. S. Etwrgy Corwers. Mgmr., Apr. 1996, 37, (4). 399-403. The gas turbine engine has low capital cost compared with steam power plants. It has environmental advantages and short construction lead time. However, conventional industrial engines have lower efficiences. One of the technologies adopted nowadays for improvement is the utilization of combined cycles. In this work, air bottoming cycle instead of steam is suggested and analyzed. Besides reducing the cost of hardware installations,, it could achieve a thermal efficiency of about 49%, which does not deteriorate at part load as happens with the basic gas turbine engine.
Engines (power generation
and propulsion,electric vehicles)
Protective oxldes In coal-flred combined cycle 96105337 power systems Simms, N. J. and Oakey, J. E. Mater. High Temp., 1995, 13, (2), 75-80. In most industrial processes operating at elevated temperatures, protective oxide layers perform a vital duty in protecting the underlying metallic alloys from process gases. Coal-fired combined cycle power generation systems present a number of process conditions in which the properties of the protective oxide layers are particularly important. The paper discusses two of these particular conditions.
96105336 Repowerlng a steam power plant b means of fluldised-bed combustion and a two-shaft gas turb Yne Najjar, Y. S. and Habeebullah, M. 13. J. Inst. o/Energy, Jun. 1996, 69, (479), 112-I 18. Utilities have been adopting repowering as an option in their plans to meet the growth in loading. In this work repowering of older and marginally efficient steam plant by conversion to combined-cycle operation is carried out by the addition of a twin-shaft gas-turbine engine and a pressurized fluidised-bed combustor (PFBC). The low-pressure compressor rotates at variable speed to provide the PFBC with the required mass of air to satisfy various load conditions. A computer programm was designed for computations of performance.
96105339 Fiepowering with G technology turbines Guilfoyle, C. and Pace, S. .VPS. Modern Power Systems, May 1996, 16, (5) 53, 55, 57. Describes a study of the Westinghouse SOlF and 501G combustion turbines which shows that in a repowering application the turbines are a good match for 100 hlW steam turbines, with generation costs 6% lower than with F technology turbines. The results also indicate that generation costs for greenfield installations are 34% higher than for the repowering option.
96105340 Selection of coal gasification technology suitable for combined cycle power generation Rukhlinskii, V. V. and Genasimenko, V. Y. Tyrczh. Mashinostr., 1995, (5) 30-31. (In Russian) The paper discusses the processes for coal gasification for combined cycle power generation.
96105341
The study of thermodynamic cycle and entropy change in a turbocharged DI diesel engine Chan, S. H. and Toh, K. C. J. Itrtr. of Energ),. Jun. 1996, 69, (479). 101-111. A software program has been developed for calculating the thermodynamic cycle, in particular the entropy changes, in a turbocharged direct-injection diesel engine, based on the measured cylinder pressure and the output of a shaft encoder. Assumptions of homogeneous mixture and equilibrium thermodynamic properties are made for the products of combustion, and the temporal variation in the fluid thermodynamic state is followed in a quasisteady manner through a series of adjacent equilibrium states, separated by finite intervals of 1” crank angle. Calculations of the thermodynamic properties and equilibrium chemical products of fuel-air reaction are based on the method of minimising Gibbs free energy with a flexibly defined number of product species. The effect of the engine operating conditions on the thermodynamic cycle is studied.
System evaluation and LBTU fuel combustion 96105342 studies for IGCC power generation Cook, C. S. er al., J. Eng. Gas Turbirtes Power, 19Y5, 117. (4), 673-677. Discusses the integration of gas turbines and combined cycle systems with advances in coal gasification and gas stream cleanup systems which will result in economically viable IGCC systems. Thermodynamic evaluation of the co-product heat 96105343 Franke, U. Erlrolreat Br Pi4.r. Fern. Irlremar., Jan.-Feb. 1996, 25, (l), 52-57. (In German) Discusses the application of thermodynamics to the evaluation of combined heat and power production.
Trace element partitioning during coal gasification 96105344 Helble, J. J. cr al., Fuel, Jun. 1996, 75, (E), 931-939. The fate of trace element pollutants in integrated gasification combinedcycle (IGCC) systems is closely tied to their volatilizaiton in the gasifier and subsequent condensation or reaction with fine fly ash particles. The results of an experimental bench-scale programme to measure the partitioning of selected trace elements during atmospheric pressure entrained flow gasification of Illinois Ko. 6 bituminous coal are presented. The experimental data are used in conjunction with thermodynamic equilibrium calculations IO investigate the downstream hehaviour of the volatile elements.
Fuel and Energy
Abstracts
September
1996
373