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05967 Influence of the carbonization heating rate on the physical properties of activated carbons from a sub-bituminous coal
04
Effect of gra hite of FeCI,-graphltr lntercalatlon compounds on the meaopt aae development In coal tar pitch Alain, E. er al., Carbon,1996, 34, (7), 931-938. The influenceof the additionof fist stage FeCl,-graphite intercalated comoounds or oristine nraohite in coal tar Ditch uoon the formation and the bevelopment of me&phase has been studied at &O, 430 and 450°C. Differences in the final samples were principally observed and studied via polarized light microscopic examinations of partially carbonized portions of the green-cokes. 96105948
By-products
related to fuels
Fullereno production drlven by long.pulses of 96/05959 near-Infrared laser radlatlon La&a, L. et al., Carbon, 1996, 34, (3), 363-368. Graphite vaporization induced by long pulses of near infrared laser to nroduce fullerenes is renorted. Results of iodine ohotodissociation laserdriven formation of Cponbfullerenes at various experimental conditions are summarized. In addihon, laser production methods, as well as UV laser induced decomposition of fullerenes are discussed.
Effect of graphlte or FeCI,-graphite intercalation 96/05@49 compounds on the meaophaae development In coal tar pitch Alain, E. et al., Carbon, 1996, 34, (5), 619-626. The influence of the addition of first stage FeCl,-graphite intercalated compounds or pristine graphite lo coal tar itch U on the formation and the development of mesophase has been stu d!led at &O, 430 and 45oOC.Differences h the final samples were principally observed and studied via polarized light microscopic examinations of partially carbonized portions of the green-cokes.
Gas producers seek options as methanol falters 96105960 Cranfield,J. PenoleumReview, Jul. 1996, 50, (5941, 316-319. Reports that the world market fo; methanol has eiterda period of massive uncertainty. The biggest use for the roduct for some time has been in the manufacture of merthyl tertiary buty P ether (MTBE). For that, virtually the only use is in the production of unleaded gasoline, specifically where such asoline is required to contain oxygenates to counter the emission of greena ouse gases in the exhaust. The market has not grown as was predicted and there is now substantial methanol overcapacity. Yet more and more plants are coming on stream.
Effect of HBr, HCI and Cl, on fullerena formatlon In 96/05950 benzeneloxygenlargon flame8 Richter, H. et al., Carbon, 1996, 34, (3), 317-326. Describes how amounts of 2.5 and 5.9% of HBr, HCl and Cl, were added lo fullerene forming benzene/oxygen/argon flat-flames burning at 75 mbar in an attempt to affect halogen substitutions in the carbon framework. The inhibition effect of HBr dramatically reduced the yield of fullerene, while it stayed in the same order of magnitude after addition of HCl or Cl,. No formation of halogenated fullerenic compounds could be detected by mass spectrometry using chemical ionization with CH,/N,O or MALDI.
96/05961 Geotechnlcal characterization of several coal combustion byproducts Zhang, M. er al., Proc. 5Orh Ind. Waste Con&, 1996, 349-356. Discusses the suitability of coal combustion byproducts (CCBPs: fluidized bed combustion ashes, stoker ash, and fly ash) for use in embankment construction. In general, the physical and mechanical properties of CCBPs are adequate for use as structural fill in embankment construction. Most ashes have fairly uniform particle size gradation while only stoker ash is well graded.
Effect of Iodine treatment on carbonization of coal 96105951 tar pitch Yasuda,E. et al., Tanso, 1995, 170, 286-289. Discusses the effect of iodine treatment on carbonizafion of coal tar pitch. 96105952 Effects of Vlrglnlamycln on fermentation rate by yeast Hamdy, M. K. et al., Biomass & Bioenergy, 1996, 11, (l), 1-9. The antibiotic Virginiamycin (Vm) can be used as ug levels to suppress gram-positive bacteria during alcoholic fermentation. The stability of Vm was studied during 96 h ethanol production by Saccharomyces cervisiae for two different media in a 24 litre fermentor at 30°C. Efflclency of fly ash In concrete wlth age Babu, K. G. and Rao, G. S. Cem. Concr. Res., 1996, 26, (3), 465-474. Discusses how research efforts during the past decades towards an effective utilization of fly ash in concrete do not seem to have led to a quantitative understanding of the efficiency of fly ash as a mineral admixture. particularly because of the vast variation in the grades of concrete and thd different levels of replacements adopted.
96105953
Ethanol as an alternatlve fuel for molten carbonate fuel cells Freni, S. er al., Termotecnica, May 1996, (4), 53-59. (In Italian) Discusses the results of an investigation into the application of water/ethanol fuel mixture as a fuel for molten carbonate fuel cells. 96105954
Feaslblllty for developing advanced carbon materlals from coals Qiu, J. et al., Huagong Jinzhan, 1995, (4), 15-22. (In Chinese) Recent years have seen significant progress in the development and application of new advanced carbon materials, and many of the advanced carbon materials can be prepared from coals and coal-derived feedstocks. Reports on a survey study, based mainly on the literature and partly on the authors’ own research work.
96lO5962 Hlgh ca aclt catlon exchanger by hydrothermal zeolltizatlon of coal (I: as1 Berkgaut, V. and Singer, A. Appl. Clay Sci., 1996, 10, (5), 369-378. Describes how during hydrothermal treatment in NaOH medium! coal fly ash partially transformed to zeolite P and/or hydroxysodalite, wlule quartz slowly dissolved and mullite remained stable. Residual coal favoured the formationof zeolite P. The relative proportion of the two zeolites could be changed by seeding. High strength llghtwelght fly ash composites 96105963 Wirtz, G. P. et al., Prepr. Pap.-Am. Chem. Sot., Div. Fuel Chem., 1996, 41, (2), 592-596. Discusses the use of fly ash which is a valuable byproduct of coal-fired Dower neneration. After benefication to recover valuable minor constiiutents,; fine powder of spherically shaped, largely amorphous, calcium aluminosilicate particles is left, which is suitable for processing into useful shapes without further milling. With the addition of Portland cement or lime, the formed body may be autoclaved at near 200°C to form a pozzolanic bond between fly ash particles. 96105964 Im rovement of plaatlclty of fly ash-clay mixtures for brick and tl Pe manufacture L&-K. G. et al., Yoop Hakhoechi, 1996, 33, (2), 135-142. (In Korean) Fly ashes from coal-fired power plants can be used as raw materials for bricks and tiles because of their compositional similarity with clays. There was a limit of substituting fly ash for clay because plasticity decreased with increasing fly ash additions. The study tried to suggest a feasibility of enhancing the substitution ratio by controlling the interfacial properties of fly ash.
96105955
96105956 Flotatlon and leaching stages for recovery of heavy metals from fly ash In waste Incineration Takahashi, M. er al., (Assigned to) Mitsubishi Materials Corp., Japan,
JAP. Par. JP.O8,03,655, Jan. 1996.
96105957 Formed activated carbons from low rank coal Jagtoyen, M. and Derbyshire, F. Coal Sci. Technol, 1995,24, 1117-1120. As lignite is responsive to H,PO, activation, comparative studies were made to examine the urooerties of extruded activated carbon. in which lignite is substituted for liardwood, and lignin is used as a binder. The carbon produced with the lignin binder was much harder, 56% Vs. 20% for the binder-free. formation In acety 96105958 Fullerane leneloxygenlargonlchlorlne flames Richter, H. et nl., Carbon, 1996, 34, (6), 797-803. The impact of Cl, addition on the fullerene formation in acetylene/oxygen/argon flat flames burning at low pressure was investigated.
96105965 Influence of acldlc surface oxides of activated carbon on gas adsorption characterlstlcs Tamon, H. and Okazaki, M. Carbon, 1996, 34, (6), 741-746. An activaed carbon was oxidized by ffiJOj at boiling temperature. The influence of acidic surface oxides of the acnvated carbon was experimentally studied on the adsorption characteristics of eleven different gases or vapours. 96105966 Influence of fly ash, silica fume, and slag on sulfate resistance of concrete Mangat, P. S. and Khatib, J. M. AC1 Mater. J., 1995, 92, (5), 542-552. Presents results of an investigation on the sulphate resistance of concrete containing diffemet devels 01 fly ash, silica ‘fume, or ground-granulated blast-furnace slag lo partiallyreplace ordinary portland cement. The total cementitious content was 350 and 450 kg/m , and the water/cementitious materials ratio was 0.45. 96105967 Influence of the carbonlzatlon heating rate on the ~;~:lcal propettles of activated carbons from a sub-bituminous
___.
Marcilla, A. et al., Carbon, 1996, 34, (4), 449-456. The effect of the coal carbonization step heating rate on the reactivity of the chars obtained as well as on their porous structure development in the subsequent activation step, was analyzed. Different types of carbonization recess were investigated, combining a low heating rate (5 Wmin) and g,Igh heating rate (hundreds of K per second) in this step.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts November 1996 423
Effect of gra hite of FeCI,-graphltr lntercalatlon compounds on the meaopt aae development In coal tar pitch Alain, E. er al., Carbon,1996, 34, (7), 931-938. The influenceof the additionof fist stage FeCl,-graphite intercalated comoounds or oristine nraohite in coal tar Ditch uoon the formation and the bevelopment of me&phase has been studied at &O, 430 and 450°C. Differences in the final samples were principally observed and studied via polarized light microscopic examinations of partially carbonized portions of the green-cokes. 96105948
By-products
related to fuels
Fullereno production drlven by long.pulses of 96/05959 near-Infrared laser radlatlon La&a, L. et al., Carbon, 1996, 34, (3), 363-368. Graphite vaporization induced by long pulses of near infrared laser to nroduce fullerenes is renorted. Results of iodine ohotodissociation laserdriven formation of Cponbfullerenes at various experimental conditions are summarized. In addihon, laser production methods, as well as UV laser induced decomposition of fullerenes are discussed.
Effect of graphlte or FeCI,-graphite intercalation 96/05@49 compounds on the meaophaae development In coal tar pitch Alain, E. et al., Carbon, 1996, 34, (5), 619-626. The influence of the addition of first stage FeCl,-graphite intercalated compounds or pristine graphite lo coal tar itch U on the formation and the development of mesophase has been stu d!led at &O, 430 and 45oOC.Differences h the final samples were principally observed and studied via polarized light microscopic examinations of partially carbonized portions of the green-cokes.
Gas producers seek options as methanol falters 96105960 Cranfield,J. PenoleumReview, Jul. 1996, 50, (5941, 316-319. Reports that the world market fo; methanol has eiterda period of massive uncertainty. The biggest use for the roduct for some time has been in the manufacture of merthyl tertiary buty P ether (MTBE). For that, virtually the only use is in the production of unleaded gasoline, specifically where such asoline is required to contain oxygenates to counter the emission of greena ouse gases in the exhaust. The market has not grown as was predicted and there is now substantial methanol overcapacity. Yet more and more plants are coming on stream.
Effect of HBr, HCI and Cl, on fullerena formatlon In 96/05950 benzeneloxygenlargon flame8 Richter, H. et al., Carbon, 1996, 34, (3), 317-326. Describes how amounts of 2.5 and 5.9% of HBr, HCl and Cl, were added lo fullerene forming benzene/oxygen/argon flat-flames burning at 75 mbar in an attempt to affect halogen substitutions in the carbon framework. The inhibition effect of HBr dramatically reduced the yield of fullerene, while it stayed in the same order of magnitude after addition of HCl or Cl,. No formation of halogenated fullerenic compounds could be detected by mass spectrometry using chemical ionization with CH,/N,O or MALDI.
96/05961 Geotechnlcal characterization of several coal combustion byproducts Zhang, M. er al., Proc. 5Orh Ind. Waste Con&, 1996, 349-356. Discusses the suitability of coal combustion byproducts (CCBPs: fluidized bed combustion ashes, stoker ash, and fly ash) for use in embankment construction. In general, the physical and mechanical properties of CCBPs are adequate for use as structural fill in embankment construction. Most ashes have fairly uniform particle size gradation while only stoker ash is well graded.
Effect of Iodine treatment on carbonization of coal 96105951 tar pitch Yasuda,E. et al., Tanso, 1995, 170, 286-289. Discusses the effect of iodine treatment on carbonizafion of coal tar pitch. 96105952 Effects of Vlrglnlamycln on fermentation rate by yeast Hamdy, M. K. et al., Biomass & Bioenergy, 1996, 11, (l), 1-9. The antibiotic Virginiamycin (Vm) can be used as ug levels to suppress gram-positive bacteria during alcoholic fermentation. The stability of Vm was studied during 96 h ethanol production by Saccharomyces cervisiae for two different media in a 24 litre fermentor at 30°C. Efflclency of fly ash In concrete wlth age Babu, K. G. and Rao, G. S. Cem. Concr. Res., 1996, 26, (3), 465-474. Discusses how research efforts during the past decades towards an effective utilization of fly ash in concrete do not seem to have led to a quantitative understanding of the efficiency of fly ash as a mineral admixture. particularly because of the vast variation in the grades of concrete and thd different levels of replacements adopted.
96105953
Ethanol as an alternatlve fuel for molten carbonate fuel cells Freni, S. er al., Termotecnica, May 1996, (4), 53-59. (In Italian) Discusses the results of an investigation into the application of water/ethanol fuel mixture as a fuel for molten carbonate fuel cells. 96105954
Feaslblllty for developing advanced carbon materlals from coals Qiu, J. et al., Huagong Jinzhan, 1995, (4), 15-22. (In Chinese) Recent years have seen significant progress in the development and application of new advanced carbon materials, and many of the advanced carbon materials can be prepared from coals and coal-derived feedstocks. Reports on a survey study, based mainly on the literature and partly on the authors’ own research work.
96lO5962 Hlgh ca aclt catlon exchanger by hydrothermal zeolltizatlon of coal (I: as1 Berkgaut, V. and Singer, A. Appl. Clay Sci., 1996, 10, (5), 369-378. Describes how during hydrothermal treatment in NaOH medium! coal fly ash partially transformed to zeolite P and/or hydroxysodalite, wlule quartz slowly dissolved and mullite remained stable. Residual coal favoured the formationof zeolite P. The relative proportion of the two zeolites could be changed by seeding. High strength llghtwelght fly ash composites 96105963 Wirtz, G. P. et al., Prepr. Pap.-Am. Chem. Sot., Div. Fuel Chem., 1996, 41, (2), 592-596. Discusses the use of fly ash which is a valuable byproduct of coal-fired Dower neneration. After benefication to recover valuable minor constiiutents,; fine powder of spherically shaped, largely amorphous, calcium aluminosilicate particles is left, which is suitable for processing into useful shapes without further milling. With the addition of Portland cement or lime, the formed body may be autoclaved at near 200°C to form a pozzolanic bond between fly ash particles. 96105964 Im rovement of plaatlclty of fly ash-clay mixtures for brick and tl Pe manufacture L&-K. G. et al., Yoop Hakhoechi, 1996, 33, (2), 135-142. (In Korean) Fly ashes from coal-fired power plants can be used as raw materials for bricks and tiles because of their compositional similarity with clays. There was a limit of substituting fly ash for clay because plasticity decreased with increasing fly ash additions. The study tried to suggest a feasibility of enhancing the substitution ratio by controlling the interfacial properties of fly ash.
96105955
96105956 Flotatlon and leaching stages for recovery of heavy metals from fly ash In waste Incineration Takahashi, M. er al., (Assigned to) Mitsubishi Materials Corp., Japan,
JAP. Par. JP.O8,03,655, Jan. 1996.
96105957 Formed activated carbons from low rank coal Jagtoyen, M. and Derbyshire, F. Coal Sci. Technol, 1995,24, 1117-1120. As lignite is responsive to H,PO, activation, comparative studies were made to examine the urooerties of extruded activated carbon. in which lignite is substituted for liardwood, and lignin is used as a binder. The carbon produced with the lignin binder was much harder, 56% Vs. 20% for the binder-free. formation In acety 96105958 Fullerane leneloxygenlargonlchlorlne flames Richter, H. et nl., Carbon, 1996, 34, (6), 797-803. The impact of Cl, addition on the fullerene formation in acetylene/oxygen/argon flat flames burning at low pressure was investigated.
96105965 Influence of acldlc surface oxides of activated carbon on gas adsorption characterlstlcs Tamon, H. and Okazaki, M. Carbon, 1996, 34, (6), 741-746. An activaed carbon was oxidized by ffiJOj at boiling temperature. The influence of acidic surface oxides of the acnvated carbon was experimentally studied on the adsorption characteristics of eleven different gases or vapours. 96105966 Influence of fly ash, silica fume, and slag on sulfate resistance of concrete Mangat, P. S. and Khatib, J. M. AC1 Mater. J., 1995, 92, (5), 542-552. Presents results of an investigation on the sulphate resistance of concrete containing diffemet devels 01 fly ash, silica ‘fume, or ground-granulated blast-furnace slag lo partiallyreplace ordinary portland cement. The total cementitious content was 350 and 450 kg/m , and the water/cementitious materials ratio was 0.45. 96105967 Influence of the carbonlzatlon heating rate on the ~;~:lcal propettles of activated carbons from a sub-bituminous
___.
Marcilla, A. et al., Carbon, 1996, 34, (4), 449-456. The effect of the coal carbonization step heating rate on the reactivity of the chars obtained as well as on their porous structure development in the subsequent activation step, was analyzed. Different types of carbonization recess were investigated, combining a low heating rate (5 Wmin) and g,Igh heating rate (hundreds of K per second) in this step.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts November 1996 423