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06189 Culn1-xGaxSe2 thin film solar cells by two-selenizations process using Se vapor
07 Aluminum-Induced degradatlon and tallure mecha96106174 nlrms of a-SI:H roler cell8 Haque, M. S. er al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996,41, 543-555. Discusses the low temperature annealing effects on a-Si:H solar cells with Al contacts. Amorphour rlllcon technology: Comlng of age 96106175 Wronski, C. R. Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 427-439. The pa r describes the current status of h drogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:Hrb ase d soar I cell technology and th e evolution of its ‘coming of age’. Several features which are unique to the a-Si:H technology are reviewed as well as the advances in concurrently improving materials, cell design and manufacturing. Future developments in this technology, whose impact is not only felt in the photovoltaic field but also in the huge market of liquid crystal displays, are also discussed. Analysla ot double effect active aolar dlstlllatlon 96106176 Prasad, B. and Tiwari, G. N. Energy Convers. Mgmt., Nov. 1996, 37, (ll), 1647-1656. In this communication, an analysis of a double effect, active solar distillation unit has been presented by incorporating the effect of climatic and design parameters. Based on an energy balance in a quasi-steady condition, an analytical expression for hourly yield for each effect has been derived. Numerical computations have been carried out for a typical day in Delhi, and the results have also been compared with single effect, active solar distillation unit. It has been observed that there is a significant improvement in the performance for a minimum flow rate of water in the upper basin. 96106177 An approach to develop apace solar power aa a new energy ayatem for developlng countrler Nagatomo, M. Solar Energy, Jan. 1996, 56, (1), 111-118. The idea of space solar power proposed by Glaser was explained as a set of a solar power station in geostationary earth orbit to transmit microwave power and a ground station to receive the microwave power. Approaches for stable multi-Junctlon a-S1 solar Hishikawa, Y. er al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 441-452. Improvements in the stabilized efficiency of single-junction and multijunction amorphous silicon (a-Si) solar cells have been studied. 96106179 Avallable solar exergy In an ebsorptlon cooling process Izquierdo Millan, M. et al., Solar Energy, Jun. 1996, 56, (6), 505-511. Using the global solar radiation on a flat plate converter of selective surface, the process temperature? the ambient temperature and the characteristics of the collector as initial data; the maximum available exergy for feeding a lithium bromide absorption cooling machine and its daily distribution in Madrid is determined. The converion of solar radiation into exergy is calculated through the Muser endoreversible engine. 96106160 K_yre,
Bottllng the sun at ANU K. and Luzzi, A. Solar Progress, Apr.-Jun. 1996, 17, (2),
The authors discuss if solar energy is to be considered as a major contributor to electricity generation, the issue of storage must be addressed. 96106161 Bulldlng educatlon/lnduatry relatlonahlpa McCabe, J. and Duffey, M. Solar Today, Sep.-Oct. 1996, 10, (5), 29-30. Discusses how a class project serves as an example of how synergistic relationships between educators and industry can benefit both students and solar companies. Capltallzlng on two dlmenslonal mlnorlty carrier 96106162 ln)ectlon In slllcon solar cell deslgn Honsberg, C. B. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 183-193. Injection effects can be effectively utilised in multijunction solar cells to provide new device design rules and higher efficiency cells. A solar cell with multiple pn-junctions can take advantages of injection effects to decouple the thickness of each individual layer from the lateral series resistance. This allows improved collection efficiency in the presence of high surface recombination, reduced series resistance, reduced metal shadowing losses and increased tolerance to discontinuities in the top layers.
Alternative energy sources (solar energy)
96/06163 Compact high-flux two-stage solar collectors baaed on tallored edae-rav concentrator6 Friedman, R. P. et al., Solar-Energy, Jun. 1996, 56, (6), 607-615. The recently-invented tailored edge-ray concentrator (TERC) approach permits the design of compact two-stage high-flux solar‘colleciori with a focusinn orimarv reflector and a non-imanng TERC secondarv reflector. Presents a new primary reflector shape ba&d ‘on the TERC appioach and a secondary TERC tailored to its particular flux map, such that more compact concentrators emerge at flux concentration levels in excess of 90% of ihe thermodynamic limii. Calculations and ray trace simulation results are also offered which demonstrate that Vcone aproximation to a wide variety of TERCS attain the concentration of the TERC to within a few percent. These V-cones represent practical secondary concentrators that may be superior to corredponding compound parabolic concentrator or trumpet secondaries. A comparison ot the behavlor of solar slllcon mate96lO6164 rlal In dltterent productlon processes Bell. R. 0. et al., Solar Enernv Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 19%. 41, 71-86. Discusses the behaviour of four different solar grades and three kinds of CZ silicon subjected to different solar cell fabrication processes. A comprehenalve characterlzatlon of the Interfaces 96106165 In Mo/CIS/CdS/ZnO solar cell structures Schmid, D. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 281-294. The alignment of energy bands in a Mo/CIS/CdS/ZnO solar cell structure is presented as derived from individual measurements on the different interfaces. Special attention is paid to the surface chemistry of the molybdenum coated substrate. In this study the authors have performed in situ analyses on polycrystalline thin films starting with the molybdenum coated soda lime glass. Computer modellng of the performance of some 96106166 metal/dlelectrlc multllayera for high-temperature solar aelectlve absorbers Schon. J. H. and Bucher. E. Solar Enernv & Solar Cells,__Aug. 1996.43. (l), 59-65. Solar thermal performance of metal/dielectric multilayer coatings of various material combinations was calculated using a computer program. Correlatlon of solar radlatlon with cloud cover and 96106167 relative sunshlne duratlon Ododo, J. C. ef al., Energy Convers. Mgmf., Oct. 1996, 37, (lo), 1555-1559. An attempt has been made to correlate the total solar radiation with cloud cover and relative sunshine duration for three Nigerian stations - Gusau, Potiskum and Yola. 96106166 Correlations of monthlv-averaae dallv alobal. dltfuse and beam radlatlons wlth ho>rs of “bright *sEnshlne In Gebze, Turkey Tiris, M. et al., Energy Convers. Mgmt., Sep. 1996, 37, (9), 1417-1421. Empirical equations have been developed which correlate the monthlyaverage dailv horizontal global. diffuse-and beam radiations with the fra& tion tf maximum possible number of sunshine hours. These correlations are based on measured data between 1988 and 1992 from the TUBITAKMRC station in Gebze, Turkey. The correlation models have been tested by using statistical error tests. . Culn,,Ga,Se, thln film solar cells by two-selenlza96106169 tlons process ualrig Si, vapor Dhere, N. G. and Lynn. K. W. Solar Enernv Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, .41, 271-279: A novel process consisting of two-selenizations of magnetron sputtered metallic precursors using Se vapour and a method for Ga incorporation using a single Cu-Ga(22 at.%) alloy target without deleterious indiumgallium interaction have been developed for preparation of well-adherent, hrge, compact, well-faceted-polyhedral-grain &In,.,Ga,Se, thin films having optimum composition of Cu:In:Ga:Se in atomic percent of 24.25:22.21:4.40:49.14. Data envelopment analyala of apace and terreatrl96106190 ally-based lar e scale commercial power a sterna for earth: A prototype anaBysla of thelr relatlve econom Yc advantages Criswell, D. R. and Thompson, R. G. Solar Energy, Jan. 1996, 56, (1), 119-131. Society must develop a large new source of electric power to adequately meet human needs in the 21st Century. The Lunar Solar Power system (LSP) is a new option that is independent of the biospheres. LSP captures sunlight on the moon, converts the solar power to microwaves, and beams the power to receivers on Earth that output electricity. The collimated microwave beams are low in intensity, safe, and environmentally benign. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) enables the detailed quantitative comparison of ahernative e
Fuel and Energy Abstracts November 1996 437
Bottllng the sun at ANU K. and Luzzi, A. Solar Progress, Apr.-Jun. 1996, 17, (2),
The authors discuss if solar energy is to be considered as a major contributor to electricity generation, the issue of storage must be addressed. 96106161 Bulldlng educatlon/lnduatry relatlonahlpa McCabe, J. and Duffey, M. Solar Today, Sep.-Oct. 1996, 10, (5), 29-30. Discusses how a class project serves as an example of how synergistic relationships between educators and industry can benefit both students and solar companies. Capltallzlng on two dlmenslonal mlnorlty carrier 96106162 ln)ectlon In slllcon solar cell deslgn Honsberg, C. B. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 183-193. Injection effects can be effectively utilised in multijunction solar cells to provide new device design rules and higher efficiency cells. A solar cell with multiple pn-junctions can take advantages of injection effects to decouple the thickness of each individual layer from the lateral series resistance. This allows improved collection efficiency in the presence of high surface recombination, reduced series resistance, reduced metal shadowing losses and increased tolerance to discontinuities in the top layers.
Alternative energy sources (solar energy)
96/06163 Compact high-flux two-stage solar collectors baaed on tallored edae-rav concentrator6 Friedman, R. P. et al., Solar-Energy, Jun. 1996, 56, (6), 607-615. The recently-invented tailored edge-ray concentrator (TERC) approach permits the design of compact two-stage high-flux solar‘colleciori with a focusinn orimarv reflector and a non-imanng TERC secondarv reflector. Presents a new primary reflector shape ba&d ‘on the TERC appioach and a secondary TERC tailored to its particular flux map, such that more compact concentrators emerge at flux concentration levels in excess of 90% of ihe thermodynamic limii. Calculations and ray trace simulation results are also offered which demonstrate that Vcone aproximation to a wide variety of TERCS attain the concentration of the TERC to within a few percent. These V-cones represent practical secondary concentrators that may be superior to corredponding compound parabolic concentrator or trumpet secondaries. A comparison ot the behavlor of solar slllcon mate96lO6164 rlal In dltterent productlon processes Bell. R. 0. et al., Solar Enernv Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 19%. 41, 71-86. Discusses the behaviour of four different solar grades and three kinds of CZ silicon subjected to different solar cell fabrication processes. A comprehenalve characterlzatlon of the Interfaces 96106165 In Mo/CIS/CdS/ZnO solar cell structures Schmid, D. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 281-294. The alignment of energy bands in a Mo/CIS/CdS/ZnO solar cell structure is presented as derived from individual measurements on the different interfaces. Special attention is paid to the surface chemistry of the molybdenum coated substrate. In this study the authors have performed in situ analyses on polycrystalline thin films starting with the molybdenum coated soda lime glass. Computer modellng of the performance of some 96106166 metal/dlelectrlc multllayera for high-temperature solar aelectlve absorbers Schon. J. H. and Bucher. E. Solar Enernv & Solar Cells,__Aug. 1996.43. (l), 59-65. Solar thermal performance of metal/dielectric multilayer coatings of various material combinations was calculated using a computer program. Correlatlon of solar radlatlon with cloud cover and 96106167 relative sunshlne duratlon Ododo, J. C. ef al., Energy Convers. Mgmf., Oct. 1996, 37, (lo), 1555-1559. An attempt has been made to correlate the total solar radiation with cloud cover and relative sunshine duration for three Nigerian stations - Gusau, Potiskum and Yola. 96106166 Correlations of monthlv-averaae dallv alobal. dltfuse and beam radlatlons wlth ho>rs of “bright *sEnshlne In Gebze, Turkey Tiris, M. et al., Energy Convers. Mgmt., Sep. 1996, 37, (9), 1417-1421. Empirical equations have been developed which correlate the monthlyaverage dailv horizontal global. diffuse-and beam radiations with the fra& tion tf maximum possible number of sunshine hours. These correlations are based on measured data between 1988 and 1992 from the TUBITAKMRC station in Gebze, Turkey. The correlation models have been tested by using statistical error tests. . Culn,,Ga,Se, thln film solar cells by two-selenlza96106169 tlons process ualrig Si, vapor Dhere, N. G. and Lynn. K. W. Solar Enernv Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, .41, 271-279: A novel process consisting of two-selenizations of magnetron sputtered metallic precursors using Se vapour and a method for Ga incorporation using a single Cu-Ga(22 at.%) alloy target without deleterious indiumgallium interaction have been developed for preparation of well-adherent, hrge, compact, well-faceted-polyhedral-grain &In,.,Ga,Se, thin films having optimum composition of Cu:In:Ga:Se in atomic percent of 24.25:22.21:4.40:49.14. Data envelopment analyala of apace and terreatrl96106190 ally-based lar e scale commercial power a sterna for earth: A prototype anaBysla of thelr relatlve econom Yc advantages Criswell, D. R. and Thompson, R. G. Solar Energy, Jan. 1996, 56, (1), 119-131. Society must develop a large new source of electric power to adequately meet human needs in the 21st Century. The Lunar Solar Power system (LSP) is a new option that is independent of the biospheres. LSP captures sunlight on the moon, converts the solar power to microwaves, and beams the power to receivers on Earth that output electricity. The collimated microwave beams are low in intensity, safe, and environmentally benign. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) enables the detailed quantitative comparison of ahernative e
Fuel and Energy Abstracts November 1996 437