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06224 Numerical simulation of current-voltage characteristics of photovoltaic systems with shaded solar cells
07
96106206
Growth of silicon thin layers on cast MO-SI from metal solutions for solar cells Wang, T. H. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cell, Jun. 1996.41, 19-30. In pursuit of device-quality layer formation on cast, metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) substrates for solar cells, the growth kinetics of silicon liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) from metal solutions was studied. Heat on s hot, thln roof 96106209 Manning, E. New Scientist, Jul. 1996, 151, p. 19. A brief report on photovoltaic panels developed in the USA which claim to be unobtrusive and half the cost of traditional versions. 96106210 High efflclency AlGaAs/SI tandem solar call over 20% Umeno, M. et al,, Solar Energy Materids & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 395-403. Describes how a high efficiency AlGaAs/Si tandem solar cell has been fabricated by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition.
96106211 Hlgh efflclency graded bandgap thln-film polycryetalllne Cu(ln,Ga)Se -based solar cells Contreras, M. A. et a 1, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 231-246. Discusses the attainment of high performance devices which has yielded several devices with total-area conversion efficiencies above 16%, the highest measuring 16.8% under standard reporting conditions (ASTM E892-87, Global 1000 W/m*). High-flux solar furnace proceaalng of alllcon solar XE” 2 Tsuo, Y. S. et Jun. 1996, 41,
._ __.
41-41
al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells,
The authors used a lo-kW, high-flux solar furnace (HFSF) to diffuse the front-surface n’-p junction and the back-surface p-p’ junction of singlecrystal silicon solar cells in one processing step. They found that all of these HFSF-processed cells have better conversion efficiencies than control cells of idential structures fabricated by conventional furnace diffusion methods. 96106213 The hlstory of wlreleas power tranamlsalon Brown, W. C. Solar Energy, Jan. 1996, 56, (I), 3-21. The history of wireless power transmission at microwave frequencies is reviewed with emphasis upon the time period starting with the post World War II efforts to use the new microwave technology developed during the war. 96106214 lnternatlonal cooperation for the acqulaltlon of apece-baaed energy Erb, R. B. Solar Energy, Jan. 1996, 56, (I), 79-85. Acquisition of an adequate supply of economical and clean energy is a pressing global need to which space-based energy can contribute. New suoolies of non-oollutinn enerav from renewable sources are vital if the world economy i’sto be &stair& and those in the developing countries are to have a prosperous future. The energy of the sun is the primary source of such non-polluting energy and there are advantages to capturing this energy first in space rather than on Earth. Acquisition of space-based energy is intrinsically an international matter for several reasons: the global nature of the need for energy; the distribution of the enabling technology among several countries; the need for significant financing; and the fact that responsibility for allocating key resources is an international matter. 96106215 lnvestlgatlon of the current break-down phenomena In solar cells :i_a:ta, S. K. et al., Solar Energy & Solar Cells, Aug. 1996, 43, (l), *,~a”.
Observed
reverse current-voltage characteristics of the single crystal silicon and gallium arsenide solar cells have been analyzed. Physical mechanisms behind the junction break-down in silicon cells and current breakdown in gallium arsenide cells have been identified. Prelimary estimates of the diffusion capacitance in GaAs cells have been presented. Large ?? oler plant photocatalytlc water decontaml96JO6216 natlon: Effect of operational parameters Minero, C. et al, Solar Energy, May 1996, 56, (5) 421-428. The effect of the concentration of the photocatalyst, the organic substrate and the light intensity is presented for the photocatalytic degradation of pentachlorophenol in the lar e solar plant built at the Plataforma Solare de Almeria. The degradation ofgpentachlorophenol is easily achieved in short residence times. The main factors affecting the total efficiency are discussed in view of a simple model for the primary events in the photocatalytic system. The derived approximated equations are able to fit the experimental data well.
Alternative
energy
sources
(solar energy)
se/O6217 The llmltatlon of heat losses from horizontal surfaces by a layer of open hexagonal cells Lewandowski, W. M. et aL, Chemical Engineering & Processing, Jun. 1996. 35. (3). 195201. A study ‘ofthe iimitation of heat trasnsfer from a flat horizontal surface insulated by a layer of cellular material is discussed. Llmlts to the efflclency of slllcon multllayrr thln 98/O&216 film solar cells y$ay S. R. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar CelLF, Jun. 1996, Thin film crystalline silicon solar cells can only achieve high efficiencies if light trapping can be used to give a long optical path length, while simultaneously achieving near unity collection probabilities for all generated carriers. This necessrtates a supporting substrate of a foreign material, with refractive index compatible with light trapping schemes for the silicon. The resulting inability to nucleate growth of crystalline silicon films of good crystallographic quality on such foreign substrates, at present? prevents the achievement of high efficiency devices using conventional smgle junction solar cell structures. The design strategy, corresponding advantages, theoretical predictions and experimental results are presented. Lumlnoua efficacy of solar radletlon and evaluatlon 96106219 of natural lllumlnatlon - A review Chandra, M. Energy Cowers. Mgmt., Nov. 1996, 37, (ll), 1623-1634. This review is mainly based on work carried out by the author earlier, and presents computed and measured values of the luminous efficacy of solar radiation over varied solar altitudes and atmospheric turbidity conditions. Based on the analysis of theoretical and experimental data, values of luminous efficacy for the direct and diffuse components of solar radiation are recommended for practical use under clear (cloudless) atmospheric conditions in India. The utility of the recommended values has been illustrated by deriving the natural illumination for four major Indian cities. 96106220 Measurement of solar cell parameters using Impedance spectroscopy Suresh, M. S. Solar Energy & Solar Cells, Aug. 1996, 43, (l), 21-28. Measurement of solar cell parameters is important for the design of satellite power systems. These parameters can be measured using impedance spectroscopy and an equivalent circuit model developed. In this study uarameters of a Back Surface Reflector Field solar cell TSSFR) have been measured using impedance spectrocopy. The results show high diffusion capacitance of BSFR cells and their exponential relation to the operating voltage. Cell dynamics resistance, diode factor, transition capacitance, and series resistance could also be measured. The minority carrier life time also has been calculated. 96106221 Metaatable shunt paths In a-S1 solar cells McMahon, T. J. and Bennett, M. S. Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 465-473. The authors have studied the time/voltage dependence of current transients in several different a-Si solar cell structures and have found they reveal more about the basic shunt mechanism. 96106222 A new fabrlcatlon method for multlcryatalllne alllcon layers on graphlte substrates sulted for low-coat thln film solar cells Pauli, M. er al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 119-126. A new method for the fabrication of a columnar, multicrystalline silicon layer on a graphite substrate is presented. 96106223 A novel cadmium free buffer layer for Cu(ln,Ga)Se, baaed solar cells Hariskos, D. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 345-353. Solar cells based on Cu(In,Ga)Se, were prepared replacing the ‘standard buffer layer’ CdS with a In,(OH,S), thin film. Numerlcal almulatlon of current-voltage charecter96108224 latlca of photovoltalc systems wlth shaded solar cells Solar Energy, Jun. 1996, 56, (6), y;;_$ing, V. and Hanitsch, R. In photovoltaics the actual curve of the current-voltage characteristic of a solar generator is often needed, for example if the maximum power point is to be determined. It is convenient to use a model for the description of the relationship between current and voltage, which is able to describe the solar cell in the generation region as well as the breakdown at positive and negative voltages. As the mathematical expression cannot be given in an explicit form, a set of suitable numerical algorithms to compute the currents for a given voltage and vice versa is given. For more complex solar generators, it can neither be assumed that the solar cells have identifical electrical characteristics, nor that they are evenly illuminated.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts November 1996 439
96106206
Growth of silicon thin layers on cast MO-SI from metal solutions for solar cells Wang, T. H. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cell, Jun. 1996.41, 19-30. In pursuit of device-quality layer formation on cast, metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) substrates for solar cells, the growth kinetics of silicon liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) from metal solutions was studied. Heat on s hot, thln roof 96106209 Manning, E. New Scientist, Jul. 1996, 151, p. 19. A brief report on photovoltaic panels developed in the USA which claim to be unobtrusive and half the cost of traditional versions. 96106210 High efflclency AlGaAs/SI tandem solar call over 20% Umeno, M. et al,, Solar Energy Materids & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 395-403. Describes how a high efficiency AlGaAs/Si tandem solar cell has been fabricated by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition.
96106211 Hlgh efflclency graded bandgap thln-film polycryetalllne Cu(ln,Ga)Se -based solar cells Contreras, M. A. et a 1, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 231-246. Discusses the attainment of high performance devices which has yielded several devices with total-area conversion efficiencies above 16%, the highest measuring 16.8% under standard reporting conditions (ASTM E892-87, Global 1000 W/m*). High-flux solar furnace proceaalng of alllcon solar XE” 2 Tsuo, Y. S. et Jun. 1996, 41,
._ __.
41-41
al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells,
The authors used a lo-kW, high-flux solar furnace (HFSF) to diffuse the front-surface n’-p junction and the back-surface p-p’ junction of singlecrystal silicon solar cells in one processing step. They found that all of these HFSF-processed cells have better conversion efficiencies than control cells of idential structures fabricated by conventional furnace diffusion methods. 96106213 The hlstory of wlreleas power tranamlsalon Brown, W. C. Solar Energy, Jan. 1996, 56, (I), 3-21. The history of wireless power transmission at microwave frequencies is reviewed with emphasis upon the time period starting with the post World War II efforts to use the new microwave technology developed during the war. 96106214 lnternatlonal cooperation for the acqulaltlon of apece-baaed energy Erb, R. B. Solar Energy, Jan. 1996, 56, (I), 79-85. Acquisition of an adequate supply of economical and clean energy is a pressing global need to which space-based energy can contribute. New suoolies of non-oollutinn enerav from renewable sources are vital if the world economy i’sto be &stair& and those in the developing countries are to have a prosperous future. The energy of the sun is the primary source of such non-polluting energy and there are advantages to capturing this energy first in space rather than on Earth. Acquisition of space-based energy is intrinsically an international matter for several reasons: the global nature of the need for energy; the distribution of the enabling technology among several countries; the need for significant financing; and the fact that responsibility for allocating key resources is an international matter. 96106215 lnvestlgatlon of the current break-down phenomena In solar cells :i_a:ta, S. K. et al., Solar Energy & Solar Cells, Aug. 1996, 43, (l), *,~a”.
Observed
reverse current-voltage characteristics of the single crystal silicon and gallium arsenide solar cells have been analyzed. Physical mechanisms behind the junction break-down in silicon cells and current breakdown in gallium arsenide cells have been identified. Prelimary estimates of the diffusion capacitance in GaAs cells have been presented. Large ?? oler plant photocatalytlc water decontaml96JO6216 natlon: Effect of operational parameters Minero, C. et al, Solar Energy, May 1996, 56, (5) 421-428. The effect of the concentration of the photocatalyst, the organic substrate and the light intensity is presented for the photocatalytic degradation of pentachlorophenol in the lar e solar plant built at the Plataforma Solare de Almeria. The degradation ofgpentachlorophenol is easily achieved in short residence times. The main factors affecting the total efficiency are discussed in view of a simple model for the primary events in the photocatalytic system. The derived approximated equations are able to fit the experimental data well.
Alternative
energy
sources
(solar energy)
se/O6217 The llmltatlon of heat losses from horizontal surfaces by a layer of open hexagonal cells Lewandowski, W. M. et aL, Chemical Engineering & Processing, Jun. 1996. 35. (3). 195201. A study ‘ofthe iimitation of heat trasnsfer from a flat horizontal surface insulated by a layer of cellular material is discussed. Llmlts to the efflclency of slllcon multllayrr thln 98/O&216 film solar cells y$ay S. R. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar CelLF, Jun. 1996, Thin film crystalline silicon solar cells can only achieve high efficiencies if light trapping can be used to give a long optical path length, while simultaneously achieving near unity collection probabilities for all generated carriers. This necessrtates a supporting substrate of a foreign material, with refractive index compatible with light trapping schemes for the silicon. The resulting inability to nucleate growth of crystalline silicon films of good crystallographic quality on such foreign substrates, at present? prevents the achievement of high efficiency devices using conventional smgle junction solar cell structures. The design strategy, corresponding advantages, theoretical predictions and experimental results are presented. Lumlnoua efficacy of solar radletlon and evaluatlon 96106219 of natural lllumlnatlon - A review Chandra, M. Energy Cowers. Mgmt., Nov. 1996, 37, (ll), 1623-1634. This review is mainly based on work carried out by the author earlier, and presents computed and measured values of the luminous efficacy of solar radiation over varied solar altitudes and atmospheric turbidity conditions. Based on the analysis of theoretical and experimental data, values of luminous efficacy for the direct and diffuse components of solar radiation are recommended for practical use under clear (cloudless) atmospheric conditions in India. The utility of the recommended values has been illustrated by deriving the natural illumination for four major Indian cities. 96106220 Measurement of solar cell parameters using Impedance spectroscopy Suresh, M. S. Solar Energy & Solar Cells, Aug. 1996, 43, (l), 21-28. Measurement of solar cell parameters is important for the design of satellite power systems. These parameters can be measured using impedance spectroscopy and an equivalent circuit model developed. In this study uarameters of a Back Surface Reflector Field solar cell TSSFR) have been measured using impedance spectrocopy. The results show high diffusion capacitance of BSFR cells and their exponential relation to the operating voltage. Cell dynamics resistance, diode factor, transition capacitance, and series resistance could also be measured. The minority carrier life time also has been calculated. 96106221 Metaatable shunt paths In a-S1 solar cells McMahon, T. J. and Bennett, M. S. Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 465-473. The authors have studied the time/voltage dependence of current transients in several different a-Si solar cell structures and have found they reveal more about the basic shunt mechanism. 96106222 A new fabrlcatlon method for multlcryatalllne alllcon layers on graphlte substrates sulted for low-coat thln film solar cells Pauli, M. er al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 119-126. A new method for the fabrication of a columnar, multicrystalline silicon layer on a graphite substrate is presented. 96106223 A novel cadmium free buffer layer for Cu(ln,Ga)Se, baaed solar cells Hariskos, D. et al., Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Jun. 1996, 41, 345-353. Solar cells based on Cu(In,Ga)Se, were prepared replacing the ‘standard buffer layer’ CdS with a In,(OH,S), thin film. Numerlcal almulatlon of current-voltage charecter96108224 latlca of photovoltalc systems wlth shaded solar cells Solar Energy, Jun. 1996, 56, (6), y;;_$ing, V. and Hanitsch, R. In photovoltaics the actual curve of the current-voltage characteristic of a solar generator is often needed, for example if the maximum power point is to be determined. It is convenient to use a model for the description of the relationship between current and voltage, which is able to describe the solar cell in the generation region as well as the breakdown at positive and negative voltages. As the mathematical expression cannot be given in an explicit form, a set of suitable numerical algorithms to compute the currents for a given voltage and vice versa is given. For more complex solar generators, it can neither be assumed that the solar cells have identifical electrical characteristics, nor that they are evenly illuminated.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts November 1996 439