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00092 Preparation of highly dispersed iron catalyst supported on coal by cation exchange method
01 97100076 Effect of coal preoxidation microporosity in activated carbons
on the development
of
P;trra. .I B. (‘t ul.. C01%)0)1. lY9h. 34, (h), 7X3-787. This paper looks at the preparation of activated carbons from a \emtanthracite preoxldized in air to different degrees. The activation was carried out in steam at X50 to SO f I% burnoff. The adsorption isotherms of nitrogen at 77 K and carbon dioxide at 273 K were given. The adsorption isotherms indicate th:lt the activated carbons obtained from non-oxidized coal have poor portrsity, hut the porosity increased with increase in the degree of coal preoxidation. The BET surface area increase\ from lht) m’/p in the cast of activated carbon from oxidized coal char. The result5 give tplot\ that show that the degree of oxidation enhances both small and medium microporosity, the increase in small microporosity being much larger. The activated carbons obtained from preoxidizcd coal chars are Iargcly microporous in character.
Solid fuels (preparation)
97100084 Modular Mining Systems MirzingJ/rl. .?I Jan. 1997. 328, (8414). 01. Discuses the twcl new clients for Modular Mining SyQtcms‘s computcrbased mine management system\. These are Shell Australia Co;11 in Queensland and Lihir Gold Mine in Papua Nc\b (iuine;r
97100085 olysis
A new method
of coal desulfurization-hydropyr-
Chen. H. er [rl., Meirar? Zh~a&~n. IYY6, IO. (I )? 13-21. (In Chinese) A review which include? references on hydropyrolvsis for coal desulfurlzation and focuses on the thermodnamich and kinetics ot the hydropyrolysi\ desulfurization of coal and the cffcct\ of the mineral matter on the hydropyrolysi\ desulfurization of coal 97/00006
extraction
A new two-stage of coal with tetralin
process for pretreatment
supercritical
fluid
97100077 Energy-chemical coal processing. 2. Influence of coal quality on the yield of target products and energy efficiency of coal conversion to coke, methanol, heat and energy through intermediate gasification
Adschiri. T. CI crl.. FlreI. 1946. 75. (9). 1124-l 128. Here 1 new two-stage process for \uper?ritical t~~iuene extraction of coal is rrvicwed that achieves conversmn of 60 wt’;: and ;I liquid yield of 45 wtl’;.
Gudkov. A. V. (‘I cl/.. Clrcsr~. Su,srcrirtcrhlcDetr., IYYh, 4. (I ). 50-64. This paper focuser on the influence of chemical composltion of raw coal% on thclr complex prtrcccsing to methanol, coke. heat. electricity through gasification.
97100087 solutions
97lOOO78 processing
The
flood/drain
bioreactor
for
coal
and
mineral
Andrew\, (i. F. and Noah, K. S., iM/nol nio/?l?X?.\Y. II. I’n,c. b,llB. Folrrld. COU/., lYY5. 21+230. Edited hy Holmes. D. S. and Smith. R. W.. Mineral\. Metals & Materials Society: Warrendalr. Pa. 1 Thi\ paper look\ at the flood/drain hioreactor which is ;m alternative drhign that ;ittempts to comhlnc high rate5 with low cost\ while processing intermediate sized particles (approx. I/4 in. * 30 mesh). Operational difficulties. including air-binding of the bed and the appearance of acid~@ilic protozoa, and way\ of improving the sulfur removal rate\ arc di\cu\\od.
Improved techniques for dewatering of fine clean 97100079 coal Yang. J. <‘I ol.. %!~/rrzr I’rnc~s\.’ Rccr,lt Ad\,. F1rtuw rwfrtis. I’m~. cm/.. S. P. and Shckh;lr, R.. Allied IYYS. hY_l-hYY. Edited hv Mehrotra. Puhllshers: New Delhi. India. The difficulty of moisture removal from ultra-fine clean coal (minus I00 mesh) to below 20”1 level usmg conventional dcwatering equipment ih examined in this paper which also describes a couple of dewatering approachr\ which were found to he effective in providing filter cake5 c(lnt:linlng le\\ than IO”; moisture
97/00080 anthracite
Kinetics
of magnetite
pellets
reduction
with added
.U<~frr/l~~~/jc~ lRel~r&cJ 109.5. 1, (2). 385-198. (In Serbian) Trujic. V., ‘l-hi\ paper documents the results of experimental, investigation of the kinetic< and mechanism of reduction of magnetite pellets with anthracite. It is found that anthracite. when used a\ a solid reductant. at certain degree of reduction elf pellets. changes the mechanism of reduction. The kinetic activation energy and preexponential factor have been parameter\, detached. which allow the dependence of the rate constant on temperature and I,f reaction path on time and temperature to be defined.
97/00081
Low-temperature
oxidation
of pulverized
coal
Nukomura. M. c/ (11.. l,hikuwrrji,?,cr-Ho~irttrr Giho. 1996. 36, (3). 208-212. (In Japanese) A\ the use of coal with highly volatile contents requires precautions against spontimeous combustion due to low-temp. oxidation, laboratory tests were carried out to investigate the differences of low-temperature oxidation hy type\ of coals and spontanenu\ combustion hy thickness of the pulverized coal layer.
Method for determining three kinds of potassium 97100082 peat by flame atom absorption C;U~,I~/X~ Shivartvki. 1995. I?_. (4). 35-37. (In Chinese) Bai, Y..
in
The method and condition of determining the dissolution and extraction ot total potassium, slow-acting and quick-acting potassium in peat were studied by atom absorption in this paper. The method has good effect. The and the relative standard deviation of mean rate of recovery is 97-1039, determination is less than .iri.
Method of determining 97/00083 using IR moisture meter
water
content
in cokes by
Hara\aki, M. et ol., Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08,l IO,ZYX [9h,llO,298] (Cl. (;O IN2 105). 30 Apr IYYh. Appl. 941271.8.14, I2 Oct. lYY4: h pp. (In Japanese) The process determines a reflected IR as directing an IR heem to cokes. A calibration curve of a reflected IR vs a water content in cokes is prcpreparrd in advance. Preferably. a grain diameter of
Oxydesulfurization
of a Turkish
lignite using trona
Yaman. S. and Kucukhayrak. S., f:??U&~~ .solrrc~l?. I Wh, IX. (4). -!hl-47 I. A discussion of the posslhility of usingCrona mlnerals in the oxydesulfurization of coal. The experiments were performed on a Turkish lignite having high organic and high pyritic sulfur content from the Ciediz area. Almost a11 of the pyritic sulfur content and. depending on the working condition\,. an important part of the organic sulfur content were removed. Unles\ the temperature reached 479 K, solid product yield wi,s not negatively affected. The article concludes that Trona mineral\ ale \uitahle to u\e in the ~rxyde\ulturir;ltion of coal. 97/00088
preparation
Possible use of centrifugal of coals for coking
stringed
screens
in
Bulgakov. F. N. et cl/.. K&v K/zim..‘IYYf~, (4). IO-I I_ (In Ru\\i:~n) Thir article suggests the use of centrifupal stringed screens for the \eparation of grains >5 mm from coal coking charge for their heneficiatmn in the preparation of coal for coking. This may imprl,vr the strength of the hlaat furnace coke.
97lOOO89 The potential for selective pyrite using a hydrophobic bacterium
flocculation
of coal from
Rrichur. A. M. cc cl/.. Mil/El: P~OC~C\C.~ RcY (‘111 4(/<,. FU/f/l? lir,rltl\, l’1.0( C‘or~/‘., lYY5. hXh-hY.l. Edited by Mehr~>tra. S. I’. and Shckhar. R.. Allied Publishers: New Delhi, India. The adhesion of hydrophobic M~cohcr~.r~~clrr,r $/~~c on coal .~nd pyrltc and it\ effect on surface hydrophohicity and flocculation ot coal W;I\ investigated in this paper.
97/00090 and surging
Practical
applications
for overbalanced
perforating
Handren, P. .I.. J.?rc/ /‘XX Anrr~. .S~UI/?M.C\/.PU S/UI,-I C’~~l~~tc.lYO6. 252157. The paper examines the ca$es presented which include ‘;kin removal. massive hydraulic fracture replacement, and treatment vol. redns. The pouaihlr application of this process for coal se;im wells is
97/00091
PRENFLO
for IGCC technology
Schellherg. W.. I’roc,. Am. Power C’onf.. IY9h. 58, ( I ). 35%307. Thi\ paper examines the PRENFLO process, an entrained-flow \tcam gasification of solid fuels, was d,escrihed, especially relating to power generation from co-gasification of coal with high-sulfur petroleum coke at the integrated gasification combined-cycle power plant (Xl@MW capacity, with 45% efficiency) at Puertollano. Spain. The process uses a I: I weight mixture of high-ash coal with high-sulfur petroleum coke, and include\ design, fuel composition. desulfurization (u7in.g MDEA scrubbing) of raw gasification ga\. the Claus sulfur recovery unlt. environmental emission\. and outlook for further development.
97100092 Preparation of highly dispersed ported on coal by cation exchange method
iron catalyst
sup-
Tazawa. K. et N/., Sckitcrn Kqcrkrr Ktrigr Hnp/yo K~mhtrn.s/ru. I OY.5, 37. XI X4. (In Japanese) The article dichussea how B cation exchange nlethod was used to prepare an iron-loaded lignite. Ca. Mg and Na in coal were removed completely h) cation exchange with iron(I1) sulfate aqueous solution at pH 3.5. The active pyrrhotite phase in the iron-loaded coal was formed by the decompositon ot iron carboxylate followed by sulfidation. This process WB’I slow and. consequently. the iron-loaded coal gave a tower coal conversion. Iron loading by adding ammonia water to residual iron cations in aqueou\ solution after cation exchange treatment gave hctter result\. 97100093 Redesign of coke-oven batteries Nikitin, N. N. and Ravdina. N. L... /G&c Klrin1, IYYh. (3). IX-I’). (In Russian) This paper decrihes a project involving the rederign of 25 year old harterie in their existing dimensions. construction of a dry quenching unit and ;I dust-free coke feeding unit. and use trf modern equipment.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 1997
7
on the development
of
P;trra. .I B. (‘t ul.. C01%)0)1. lY9h. 34, (h), 7X3-787. This paper looks at the preparation of activated carbons from a \emtanthracite preoxldized in air to different degrees. The activation was carried out in steam at X50 to SO f I% burnoff. The adsorption isotherms of nitrogen at 77 K and carbon dioxide at 273 K were given. The adsorption isotherms indicate th:lt the activated carbons obtained from non-oxidized coal have poor portrsity, hut the porosity increased with increase in the degree of coal preoxidation. The BET surface area increase\ from lht) m’/p in the cast of activated carbon from oxidized coal char. The result5 give tplot\ that show that the degree of oxidation enhances both small and medium microporosity, the increase in small microporosity being much larger. The activated carbons obtained from preoxidizcd coal chars are Iargcly microporous in character.
Solid fuels (preparation)
97100084 Modular Mining Systems MirzingJ/rl. .?I Jan. 1997. 328, (8414). 01. Discuses the twcl new clients for Modular Mining SyQtcms‘s computcrbased mine management system\. These are Shell Australia Co;11 in Queensland and Lihir Gold Mine in Papua Nc\b (iuine;r
97100085 olysis
A new method
of coal desulfurization-hydropyr-
Chen. H. er [rl., Meirar? Zh~a&~n. IYY6, IO. (I )? 13-21. (In Chinese) A review which include? references on hydropyrolvsis for coal desulfurlzation and focuses on the thermodnamich and kinetics ot the hydropyrolysi\ desulfurization of coal and the cffcct\ of the mineral matter on the hydropyrolysi\ desulfurization of coal 97/00006
extraction
A new two-stage of coal with tetralin
process for pretreatment
supercritical
fluid
97100077 Energy-chemical coal processing. 2. Influence of coal quality on the yield of target products and energy efficiency of coal conversion to coke, methanol, heat and energy through intermediate gasification
Adschiri. T. CI crl.. FlreI. 1946. 75. (9). 1124-l 128. Here 1 new two-stage process for \uper?ritical t~~iuene extraction of coal is rrvicwed that achieves conversmn of 60 wt’;: and ;I liquid yield of 45 wtl’;.
Gudkov. A. V. (‘I cl/.. Clrcsr~. Su,srcrirtcrhlcDetr., IYYh, 4. (I ). 50-64. This paper focuser on the influence of chemical composltion of raw coal% on thclr complex prtrcccsing to methanol, coke. heat. electricity through gasification.
97100087 solutions
97lOOO78 processing
The
flood/drain
bioreactor
for
coal
and
mineral
Andrew\, (i. F. and Noah, K. S., iM/nol nio/?l?X?.\Y. II. I’n,c. b,llB. Folrrld. COU/., lYY5. 21+230. Edited hy Holmes. D. S. and Smith. R. W.. Mineral\. Metals & Materials Society: Warrendalr. Pa. 1 Thi\ paper look\ at the flood/drain hioreactor which is ;m alternative drhign that ;ittempts to comhlnc high rate5 with low cost\ while processing intermediate sized particles (approx. I/4 in. * 30 mesh). Operational difficulties. including air-binding of the bed and the appearance of acid~@ilic protozoa, and way\ of improving the sulfur removal rate\ arc di\cu\\od.
Improved techniques for dewatering of fine clean 97100079 coal Yang. J. <‘I ol.. %!~/rrzr I’rnc~s\.’ Rccr,lt Ad\,. F1rtuw rwfrtis. I’m~. cm/.. S. P. and Shckh;lr, R.. Allied IYYS. hY_l-hYY. Edited hv Mehrotra. Puhllshers: New Delhi. India. The difficulty of moisture removal from ultra-fine clean coal (minus I00 mesh) to below 20”1 level usmg conventional dcwatering equipment ih examined in this paper which also describes a couple of dewatering approachr\ which were found to he effective in providing filter cake5 c(lnt:linlng le\\ than IO”; moisture
97/00080 anthracite
Kinetics
of magnetite
pellets
reduction
with added
.U<~frr/l~~~/jc~ lRel~r&cJ 109.5. 1, (2). 385-198. (In Serbian) Trujic. V., ‘l-hi\ paper documents the results of experimental, investigation of the kinetic< and mechanism of reduction of magnetite pellets with anthracite. It is found that anthracite. when used a\ a solid reductant. at certain degree of reduction elf pellets. changes the mechanism of reduction. The kinetic activation energy and preexponential factor have been parameter\, detached. which allow the dependence of the rate constant on temperature and I,f reaction path on time and temperature to be defined.
97/00081
Low-temperature
oxidation
of pulverized
coal
Nukomura. M. c/ (11.. l,hikuwrrji,?,cr-Ho~irttrr Giho. 1996. 36, (3). 208-212. (In Japanese) A\ the use of coal with highly volatile contents requires precautions against spontimeous combustion due to low-temp. oxidation, laboratory tests were carried out to investigate the differences of low-temperature oxidation hy type\ of coals and spontanenu\ combustion hy thickness of the pulverized coal layer.
Method for determining three kinds of potassium 97100082 peat by flame atom absorption C;U~,I~/X~ Shivartvki. 1995. I?_. (4). 35-37. (In Chinese) Bai, Y..
in
The method and condition of determining the dissolution and extraction ot total potassium, slow-acting and quick-acting potassium in peat were studied by atom absorption in this paper. The method has good effect. The and the relative standard deviation of mean rate of recovery is 97-1039, determination is less than .iri.
Method of determining 97/00083 using IR moisture meter
water
content
in cokes by
Hara\aki, M. et ol., Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08,l IO,ZYX [9h,llO,298] (Cl. (;O IN2 105). 30 Apr IYYh. Appl. 941271.8.14, I2 Oct. lYY4: h pp. (In Japanese) The process determines a reflected IR as directing an IR heem to cokes. A calibration curve of a reflected IR vs a water content in cokes is prcpreparrd in advance. Preferably. a grain diameter of
Oxydesulfurization
of a Turkish
lignite using trona
Yaman. S. and Kucukhayrak. S., f:??U&~~ .solrrc~l?. I Wh, IX. (4). -!hl-47 I. A discussion of the posslhility of usingCrona mlnerals in the oxydesulfurization of coal. The experiments were performed on a Turkish lignite having high organic and high pyritic sulfur content from the Ciediz area. Almost a11 of the pyritic sulfur content and. depending on the working condition\,. an important part of the organic sulfur content were removed. Unles\ the temperature reached 479 K, solid product yield wi,s not negatively affected. The article concludes that Trona mineral\ ale \uitahle to u\e in the ~rxyde\ulturir;ltion of coal. 97/00088
preparation
Possible use of centrifugal of coals for coking
stringed
screens
in
Bulgakov. F. N. et cl/.. K&v K/zim..‘IYYf~, (4). IO-I I_ (In Ru\\i:~n) Thir article suggests the use of centrifupal stringed screens for the \eparation of grains >5 mm from coal coking charge for their heneficiatmn in the preparation of coal for coking. This may imprl,vr the strength of the hlaat furnace coke.
97lOOO89 The potential for selective pyrite using a hydrophobic bacterium
flocculation
of coal from
Rrichur. A. M. cc cl/.. Mil/El: P~OC~C\C.~ RcY (‘111 4(/<,. FU/f/l? lir,rltl\, l’1.0( C‘or~/‘., lYY5. hXh-hY.l. Edited by Mehr~>tra. S. I’. and Shckhar. R.. Allied Publishers: New Delhi, India. The adhesion of hydrophobic M~cohcr~.r~~clrr,r $/~~c on coal .~nd pyrltc and it\ effect on surface hydrophohicity and flocculation ot coal W;I\ investigated in this paper.
97/00090 and surging
Practical
applications
for overbalanced
perforating
Handren, P. .I.. J.?rc/ /‘XX Anrr~. .S~UI/?M.C\/.PU S/UI,-I C’~~l~~tc.lYO6. 252157. The paper examines the ca$es presented which include ‘;kin removal. massive hydraulic fracture replacement, and treatment vol. redns. The pouaihlr application of this process for coal se;im wells is
97/00091
PRENFLO
for IGCC technology
Schellherg. W.. I’roc,. Am. Power C’onf.. IY9h. 58, ( I ). 35%307. Thi\ paper examines the PRENFLO process, an entrained-flow \tcam gasification of solid fuels, was d,escrihed, especially relating to power generation from co-gasification of coal with high-sulfur petroleum coke at the integrated gasification combined-cycle power plant (Xl@MW capacity, with 45% efficiency) at Puertollano. Spain. The process uses a I: I weight mixture of high-ash coal with high-sulfur petroleum coke, and include\ design, fuel composition. desulfurization (u7in.g MDEA scrubbing) of raw gasification ga\. the Claus sulfur recovery unlt. environmental emission\. and outlook for further development.
97100092 Preparation of highly dispersed ported on coal by cation exchange method
iron catalyst
sup-
Tazawa. K. et N/., Sckitcrn Kqcrkrr Ktrigr Hnp/yo K~mhtrn.s/ru. I OY.5, 37. XI X4. (In Japanese) The article dichussea how B cation exchange nlethod was used to prepare an iron-loaded lignite. Ca. Mg and Na in coal were removed completely h) cation exchange with iron(I1) sulfate aqueous solution at pH 3.5. The active pyrrhotite phase in the iron-loaded coal was formed by the decompositon ot iron carboxylate followed by sulfidation. This process WB’I slow and. consequently. the iron-loaded coal gave a tower coal conversion. Iron loading by adding ammonia water to residual iron cations in aqueou\ solution after cation exchange treatment gave hctter result\. 97100093 Redesign of coke-oven batteries Nikitin, N. N. and Ravdina. N. L... /G&c Klrin1, IYYh. (3). IX-I’). (In Russian) This paper decrihes a project involving the rederign of 25 year old harterie in their existing dimensions. construction of a dry quenching unit and ;I dust-free coke feeding unit. and use trf modern equipment.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 1997
7