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01113 Perovskite dense membrane reactors for the partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas
03 Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over 97/01109 (La, Sr)(Co, Ni) oxide catalysts Hayakawa, T. L’Ial. Sekiyu Gakkaishi. 1996, 39, (S), 314-321. Presents the results of a study into the catalytic properties of a series of (La, Sr)(Co, Ni) oxides for the oxidation of CH+ The catalysts were prepared by the citrate method. The catalytic test using a mixed gas of CHJ and air was carried out by temperature programmed reaction (TPR) from room temperature to 800°C. All the catalysts prepared possessed perovskite oxide structure. Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over 97/01110 Ru/TiOp catalysts Boucouvalas, Y. ef al. St&. Surf Sci. Card., 1996. 101 (Pt. A, 11th International Congress on Catalysis-40th Anniversary, 1996, Pt. A), 443452. Presents an investigation into the catalytic partial oxidation of CH4 to synthesis gas over Group VIII metal catalysts. Although all catalysts promoted CHJ combustion followed by reaction with Hz0 and CO?, Rui TiOz was active in the direct formation of synthesis gas. FT-IR and XANES studies indicated that the unique performance of the RuiTiOz catalyst was related to its high oxidation resistance, which affords high selectivity to synthesis gas in the presence of 0:. Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas via 97/01111 the direct reaction scheme over Ru/TiOP catalyst Boucouvalas, Y. et al. Cafai. L&t., 1996, 40, (3, 4) 189-195. Investigates the partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over various supported metal catalysts. The effects of operational variable on mass and heat transport resistances were investigated for defining the kinetic regime. The data obtained indicates that the RuiTiOz catalyst possesses unique properties, offering high selectivity to synthesis gas fermation via the direct reaction scheme, whereas the other catalysts promote the sequence of total oxidation of methane to CO? and HzO, followed by reforming reactions to synthesis gas. An increase of selectivity to synthesis gas, in the presence of oxygen, is achieved over the Ru/TiO;l catalyst by multi-feeding oxygen, which is attributed to suppression of deep oxidation of Hz and CO.
97/61112 Partial oxidation of methane to Behavior of different Ni supported catalysts Nichio, N. er al. Catal. Lar/.. 1996. 42, (I. 2). 65-72.
synthesis
gas.
97/01113 Perovskite dense membrane reactors for the partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas. Tsai. C.-Y. 1996, 213 pp. Avail. degree-granting institution. From Din. Ahstr. Inf.. R, 1996, 57. (4) 2722. 97/61114 Poiyaminochioroquinone. Part IV. Hydrogenation of carbon monoxide with iron catalysts deposited on polymer or organic supports Udrea. 1. ef al. Mater. Plasf. (Bucharesf). 1996, 33, (3). 155-1.59. (In Romanian) A study into the activity and selectivity of certain iron catalysts. deposited on supports containing organic polymer (e.g. chloranil-benzidine copolymer, which was reduced with hydrazine hydrate) in relation to catalysts deposited on inorganic supports. The study compares activity and selectivity in synthesis gas conversion to hydrocarbons. 97101115 Preparation and CO1 methanation activity of an ultrafine Ni (ii) ferrite catalyst Tsuji. M. ef al. J. Catal., 1996 164, (2) 315-321. In this study ultrafine Ni (II) ferrite was prepared and investigated for catalytic activity and selectivity in CO2 methanation.
97101116 Preparation of synthesis gas for production of products of basic organic synthesis and synthetic fuel Serebryakov, V. N. and Kubasov, V. N. Russ. RU 2,062,750 (Cl. COlB3/ 16). 27 Jun 1996, Appl. 92, 011, 239, IO Dee 1992. (In Russian) From /zohrrten;~va, 1996. (18). 188.
97101117 Procedure and reactor for fiuidized-bed gasification of carbonaceous materials Meyer, B. et al. Ger. Offen. DE 19, 548,324 (Cl. CIOJ3154). 27 Jun 1996. DE Appl. 4, 446, 168, 23 Dee 1994, 9 pp. (In German) In the apparatus described in this paper gasification takes place in a fluidized-bed reactor containing a lower truncated cone-shaped section and an upper cylindrical section. The greater portion of the fluidized bed is in the conical section into which oxygen-containing gasification agents and optionally recycled solids are fed. The height of the conical section is greater by a factor of l-6 than the diameter of the cylindrical section. In the fluidized bed, a uniform radial gas flow profile is generated in every horizontal cross-sectional plane, and average gas flow rate in the fluidizedbed region is constant or slightly increased along the longitudinal axis of the gasifier.
Gaseous fuels (derived gaseous fuels)
97/01116 Procedure for scheduled shutdown of fixed-bed high-pressure gasifier Mueller, _I.ef al. Ger. Offen. DE 19, 509, 593 (Cl. CIOJ3116). 19 Sep 1996. Appl. 19, 509, 593, I6 Mar 1995, 4 pp. (In German) Presents a procedure for the preparation of a scheduled shutdown of a fixed-bed gasifier for processing of carbonaceous fuels and wastes. Process and safety parameters are monitored.
97101119 Process and apparatus for diverting carbon monoxide-containing hot gas stream from diffusion through pipeline wails Roell, W. and Hohmann, F. W. Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 724, 010 (Cl. ClOKl/ 04) 31 Jul 1996, DE Appl. 19, 502, 788, 28 Jan 1995, 5 pp. (In German) A gas pipeline for a hot CO-containing gas mixture at 2500” consists of (1) an outer protective tube, (2) an inner tube which is divided into sections and contains joint gaps to allow for thermal expansion, and (3) a thermal insulator layer between the outer tube and inner tube. A CO-free gaseous or vapor protective medium is fed through the outer tube into the thermal insulator to prevent diffusion of the CO-containing gas mixture from the pipeline to the outer tube and cause formation of hot spots and formation of surface carbides associated with embrittlement. This system is especially suitable for transportation of hot synthesis gas from natural gas reforming and gasification of coal and liquid fuels.
97/01120 Process for operating equilibrium controlled reactions Anand, M. et al. Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 737. 648 (Cl. COlB31/18), 16 Ott 1996, U.S. Appl. 419, 317, 10 Apr 1995, 25 pp. Details a process for operating equilibrium controlled reactions in continuous mode. The process can be applied to the manufacture of hydrogen or synthesis gas by steam reforming reactions of methane and hydrocarbon.
97/61121 Production of synthesis gas and vertical-type gasifier Islamov, S. R. ef ul. Russ. RU 2, 052, 492 (Cl. ClOJ.?/OO). 20 Jan 1996. Appl. 92, 010, 862, 21 Dee 1992. (In Russian) From Izohreterriyu 1996, (2),
186. 97101122 Production of synthesis gas by gasification of cotton plant stems Khabibullaev, P. K. ef al. Geliorekhnika, 1995, (4), 87-90. (In Russian) Details the gasification of cotton plant stems in a small reactor at atmospheric pressure and 400-900”. The composition of the synthesis gas thus obtained as a function of temperature is determined, and a formula is developed to calculate its heat of combustion as a function of composition.
97161123 Production of water gas from Hebei low-rank coal with success Duan, W. Huafei Gongye, 1996, 23, (4), 56. (In Chinese) Describes the production of water gas from low-rank coal at an ammonia fertilizer plant. Special emphasis is given to limiting Nz at ~4% to meet the subsequent methanol production requirement.
97101124 Promoting effect of Pt on Co mordenite upon the reducibility and catalytic behavior of COz hydrogenation Boix, A. V. et al. J. Catal., 1996, 162, (2), 239-249. A study into the reducibility of Co and Pt mordenite monometallic and bimetallic samples with different Co/Pt ratios was carried out by temperature-programmed reduction. The species formed after reduction were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS. Co mordenite samples presented a very low reducibility in the 273-823 K range, whereas the Pt monometallic samples were totally reduced in that range with a HZ/Pt ratio = 1. Two well-differentiated reduction zones in the 273-537 K and 573-823 K ranges were observed in these samples, suggesting at PtzC ions distribution at the exchange sites of the mordenites. A proportion of 70:30% for the two zones resulted, independent on the Pt loading. The incorporation of platinum notably increased the Co reducibility. The type and stability of the species formed during the reduction depended on the ColPt ratio. In the sample with a lower content of Pt, a catalytic action of the latter prevailed leading to reduced species formed by a fine dispersion of metallic Co and Pt particles. When the Pt content increased, the formation of PtCo,O, species during calcination seemed to be the precursor of the promoting effect. For high contents of Pt (5%). CoiPt = 0.6, XPS results revealed an important Co-Pt interaction. After sintering, PtsCo particles were clearly observed by XRD. The Pt-Co interaction modified the specific activity and selectivity to CH4 of the monometallic species in the COz hydrogenation reaction. The samples with a CoiPt ratio = 5.9 presented a maximum in the methanation activity, thus resulting in a turnover frequency for CH4 production, NcH, = 0.20 (s-l) at 623 K and I atm. This turnover frequency dropped to 0.015 for CoiPt = 0.6.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
March 1997
91
97/61112 Partial oxidation of methane to Behavior of different Ni supported catalysts Nichio, N. er al. Catal. Lar/.. 1996. 42, (I. 2). 65-72.
synthesis
gas.
97/01113 Perovskite dense membrane reactors for the partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas. Tsai. C.-Y. 1996, 213 pp. Avail. degree-granting institution. From Din. Ahstr. Inf.. R, 1996, 57. (4) 2722. 97/61114 Poiyaminochioroquinone. Part IV. Hydrogenation of carbon monoxide with iron catalysts deposited on polymer or organic supports Udrea. 1. ef al. Mater. Plasf. (Bucharesf). 1996, 33, (3). 155-1.59. (In Romanian) A study into the activity and selectivity of certain iron catalysts. deposited on supports containing organic polymer (e.g. chloranil-benzidine copolymer, which was reduced with hydrazine hydrate) in relation to catalysts deposited on inorganic supports. The study compares activity and selectivity in synthesis gas conversion to hydrocarbons. 97101115 Preparation and CO1 methanation activity of an ultrafine Ni (ii) ferrite catalyst Tsuji. M. ef al. J. Catal., 1996 164, (2) 315-321. In this study ultrafine Ni (II) ferrite was prepared and investigated for catalytic activity and selectivity in CO2 methanation.
97101116 Preparation of synthesis gas for production of products of basic organic synthesis and synthetic fuel Serebryakov, V. N. and Kubasov, V. N. Russ. RU 2,062,750 (Cl. COlB3/ 16). 27 Jun 1996, Appl. 92, 011, 239, IO Dee 1992. (In Russian) From /zohrrten;~va, 1996. (18). 188.
97101117 Procedure and reactor for fiuidized-bed gasification of carbonaceous materials Meyer, B. et al. Ger. Offen. DE 19, 548,324 (Cl. CIOJ3154). 27 Jun 1996. DE Appl. 4, 446, 168, 23 Dee 1994, 9 pp. (In German) In the apparatus described in this paper gasification takes place in a fluidized-bed reactor containing a lower truncated cone-shaped section and an upper cylindrical section. The greater portion of the fluidized bed is in the conical section into which oxygen-containing gasification agents and optionally recycled solids are fed. The height of the conical section is greater by a factor of l-6 than the diameter of the cylindrical section. In the fluidized bed, a uniform radial gas flow profile is generated in every horizontal cross-sectional plane, and average gas flow rate in the fluidizedbed region is constant or slightly increased along the longitudinal axis of the gasifier.
Gaseous fuels (derived gaseous fuels)
97/01116 Procedure for scheduled shutdown of fixed-bed high-pressure gasifier Mueller, _I.ef al. Ger. Offen. DE 19, 509, 593 (Cl. CIOJ3116). 19 Sep 1996. Appl. 19, 509, 593, I6 Mar 1995, 4 pp. (In German) Presents a procedure for the preparation of a scheduled shutdown of a fixed-bed gasifier for processing of carbonaceous fuels and wastes. Process and safety parameters are monitored.
97101119 Process and apparatus for diverting carbon monoxide-containing hot gas stream from diffusion through pipeline wails Roell, W. and Hohmann, F. W. Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 724, 010 (Cl. ClOKl/ 04) 31 Jul 1996, DE Appl. 19, 502, 788, 28 Jan 1995, 5 pp. (In German) A gas pipeline for a hot CO-containing gas mixture at 2500” consists of (1) an outer protective tube, (2) an inner tube which is divided into sections and contains joint gaps to allow for thermal expansion, and (3) a thermal insulator layer between the outer tube and inner tube. A CO-free gaseous or vapor protective medium is fed through the outer tube into the thermal insulator to prevent diffusion of the CO-containing gas mixture from the pipeline to the outer tube and cause formation of hot spots and formation of surface carbides associated with embrittlement. This system is especially suitable for transportation of hot synthesis gas from natural gas reforming and gasification of coal and liquid fuels.
97/01120 Process for operating equilibrium controlled reactions Anand, M. et al. Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 737. 648 (Cl. COlB31/18), 16 Ott 1996, U.S. Appl. 419, 317, 10 Apr 1995, 25 pp. Details a process for operating equilibrium controlled reactions in continuous mode. The process can be applied to the manufacture of hydrogen or synthesis gas by steam reforming reactions of methane and hydrocarbon.
97/61121 Production of synthesis gas and vertical-type gasifier Islamov, S. R. ef ul. Russ. RU 2, 052, 492 (Cl. ClOJ.?/OO). 20 Jan 1996. Appl. 92, 010, 862, 21 Dee 1992. (In Russian) From Izohreterriyu 1996, (2),
186. 97101122 Production of synthesis gas by gasification of cotton plant stems Khabibullaev, P. K. ef al. Geliorekhnika, 1995, (4), 87-90. (In Russian) Details the gasification of cotton plant stems in a small reactor at atmospheric pressure and 400-900”. The composition of the synthesis gas thus obtained as a function of temperature is determined, and a formula is developed to calculate its heat of combustion as a function of composition.
97161123 Production of water gas from Hebei low-rank coal with success Duan, W. Huafei Gongye, 1996, 23, (4), 56. (In Chinese) Describes the production of water gas from low-rank coal at an ammonia fertilizer plant. Special emphasis is given to limiting Nz at ~4% to meet the subsequent methanol production requirement.
97101124 Promoting effect of Pt on Co mordenite upon the reducibility and catalytic behavior of COz hydrogenation Boix, A. V. et al. J. Catal., 1996, 162, (2), 239-249. A study into the reducibility of Co and Pt mordenite monometallic and bimetallic samples with different Co/Pt ratios was carried out by temperature-programmed reduction. The species formed after reduction were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS. Co mordenite samples presented a very low reducibility in the 273-823 K range, whereas the Pt monometallic samples were totally reduced in that range with a HZ/Pt ratio = 1. Two well-differentiated reduction zones in the 273-537 K and 573-823 K ranges were observed in these samples, suggesting at PtzC ions distribution at the exchange sites of the mordenites. A proportion of 70:30% for the two zones resulted, independent on the Pt loading. The incorporation of platinum notably increased the Co reducibility. The type and stability of the species formed during the reduction depended on the ColPt ratio. In the sample with a lower content of Pt, a catalytic action of the latter prevailed leading to reduced species formed by a fine dispersion of metallic Co and Pt particles. When the Pt content increased, the formation of PtCo,O, species during calcination seemed to be the precursor of the promoting effect. For high contents of Pt (5%). CoiPt = 0.6, XPS results revealed an important Co-Pt interaction. After sintering, PtsCo particles were clearly observed by XRD. The Pt-Co interaction modified the specific activity and selectivity to CH4 of the monometallic species in the COz hydrogenation reaction. The samples with a CoiPt ratio = 5.9 presented a maximum in the methanation activity, thus resulting in a turnover frequency for CH4 production, NcH, = 0.20 (s-l) at 623 K and I atm. This turnover frequency dropped to 0.015 for CoiPt = 0.6.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
March 1997
91