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01272 Biogas generation by anaerobic fermentation of biomass
07
Production 97101262 leum wastes
of electricity
Griffiths, J. and Winter, C. L. ClOJ3/46), 26 Jun 19%. Appl. This article details a process for wherein a carbonaceous fuel is oxygen or an oxygen containing
and hydrogen
from petro-
07
Brit. UK Pat. Appl. GB 2. 296, 25.5 (Cl. 94125, 868, 21 Dee 1994. 7 pp. the production of electricity and hydrogen partially oxidized at elevated pressure with gas.
Alternative energy sources (bioconversion energy)
ALTERNATIVE SOURCES Bioconversion
A review of ash in conventional and advanced coal97101263 based power systems Holcomhe. N. T. Proc. Amu. In!. Pifrshurgh Coal Cmf., 1995. 12, l-6. Details process conditions for conventional and advanced power systems. The advanced systems presented include both combustion and gasification processes. Problems in coal-based power generation systems, including deposition, agglomeration and sintering of bed materials, and ash attack are also discussed. Methods of mitigating ash problems and anticipated changes anticipated in ash use hy converting from conventional to advanced systems are described.
97101264 application
Stability analysis of MHD disk generators to power systems with COa recovery
Ishikawa. M. YI ul. Eneru, FehiMarch 1997, 22, (2/3), 239-247. Preliminary design and stability analyses of magnetohydrodynamic disk generators were conducted. These are used in electric generation systems with CO2 recovery.
97101265 Strategic analysis electric power generation
of biomass
(MHD) power-
IO, (2-3), fuels for of power fuels are municipal A number
Thermodynamic and economic study of combined 97101266 cycle gas and steam process (GUD) power plants applying lowcalorific fuel gases Chen~.-Ing.-Tech.. 1996. 68. (IO), 132% Klingemann. J. and Maricet. M. 1331. (In German) The application of low calorific-fuel gases in a GUD with an integrated coal and oil gasification and an air fractionation plant was investigated with regard to NO, formation. thermodynamic-economic parameters, and petroleum gasification.
97101267
Water cooled fuel cell power plants
Suzuki, S. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08, 180, 897 [96, 180, 8971 (Cl. HOIM8/04), 12 Jul 1996. JP Appl. 941257, 783, 24 Ott 1994, 5 pp (In Japanese). Provides details of water cooled fuel cell power plants. The power plants have fuel cells, a water cooling system containing a steam-water separator and a recycling pump for cooling the fuel cells, a‘device for utilizing the separated steam. and a means separated from the cooling system and the devices for treating the separated steam.
Economics,
97101266 plants
Policy, Supplies,
The efficiency
of coal-fired
Forecasts
combined-cycle
Bio-recycle
Energy
metallurgy
by utilization
of algae.
Yazawa, A. and Kuwabara, T. Miner. Slo~~~cu. 1996, 28, (S), 313-317. (In Czech) Recycling of CO1 as fuel is not feasible economically, but it would be reasonable if some biomass could serve as media of metallurgical separation as well as fuel. By use of algae, a part of traditional metallurgy may he replaced by bio-recycle metallurgy. The biosorption of metals by algaewas experimentally evaluated. Various applicahiliries are suggested for metal extraction and wastewater treatment.
and
and waste fuels for
McGowin. C. R. and Wiltsee, G. A. Biomass Bioenerm. 1996, 167-175. A paper discussing strategic analysis of biomass- and waste-derived electric power generation. Relative performance and cost generation from coal, natural gas, and biomass and waste compared. The range of fuels includes wood, agricultural wastes, solid waste, refuse-derived fuel, scrap tyres and tyre-derived fuel. of power technologies are considered. Includes four references.
97101269
ENERGY
power
Buskies, U. Appl. nlerrn. Ertg., 1996, 16, (12), 959-974. Considers the efficiency of gas turbine/steam turbine power plants, in which fuel gas for gas turbines IS produced via the gasification of coal.
Bioconversion of tapioca (Manihot esculenta) 97101270 waste and wafer hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)-influence of various physico-chemical factors Abraham, M. and Kurup, G. M. J. Fernlent. Bioerlg., 1990, X2. (3). 259263. This article discusses how the bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials to fermentable sugars and liquid fuels is now being given serious consideration. The work reports various physical and chemical pretreatments carried out on tapioca waste and water hyacinth aimed at maximizing the saccharification rate of these cellulosic wastes. ‘The study focusses on whether the reducing sugar content of saccharified tapioca waste and water hyacinth hydrolyzate can be used as a carbohydrate raw material for the production of alcohol. The influence of various factors on the growth and ethanol production of Saccharom~c~.r cerc~+siaecells was also investigated.
97101271 mass
Biofluid
process:
fluidized-bed
gasification
of bio-
Dittrich. V. I/TT Symp., 1996, 164 (Power Production from Biomass II with Special Emphasis on Gasification and Pyrolysis R&DD), 277-282. This paper explains how fluidized-bed gasification of biomass was developed by ATEKO through using long-term experience with coal gasification. An experimental unit was built and a number of tests, initially with sawdust gasification, were carried out. A mathematical model for gasification based on chemical equililibria was prepared and tested on wood waste. A gas combustion engine combined with a power generator was installed and operated in power production.
97101272 biomass
Biogas
generation
by anaerobic
fermentation
of
Loock, R. GWF, Gas- Wasserfach: GasiErdgas. I99f1, 137. (6), 284-288. (In German) Details a fermentation plant for biomass. The process of anaerobic fermentation of organic residual matter was modularly designed, thus offering a high degree of flexibility and cost effectiveness.
97101273
Biomass
Kucuk, M. M. 1996), 38, (2). Reiews three chemical, and
and Demirbas, A. Enrw, Con~er.~. Manrr~e.. 1997 (Pub. 151-165. different biomass conversion processes (thermochemical, biochemical).
conversion
97101274
Biomass
feedstock
processes
analyses
VTTPuhl., 1996, 282, 34pp. Wilen, C. et al. This report was prepared as part of the project ‘Feasibility of electricity production from biomass by pressurized gasification systems’ within the EC Research Programme JOULE II. The objectives of this task were to perform fuel analyses of potential woody and herhaceous hiomasses with specific regard to the gasification properties of the selected feedstocks. The analyses are reported of IS Scandinavian and European biomass feedstocks.
97101275
Biomass
IGCC
VTT .~JwI~., 1996. 164 (Power Production from Sale, K. and Keranen, H. Biomass II with Special Emphasis on Gasification and Pyrolysis R&DD), 23-39. This paper is concerned with the development of a modern power plant concept based on pressurized fluidized-bed gasification and gas turbine combined cycle (IGCC). The process is capable of maximizing the electricity production with a variety of solid fuels (different biomass and coal types), mixed or separate. The feasibility of a pressurized gasificationbased processes is discussed in comparison to competing technologies in different applications. The potential of power production from biomass is also described.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
March 1997
101
Production 97101262 leum wastes
of electricity
Griffiths, J. and Winter, C. L. ClOJ3/46), 26 Jun 19%. Appl. This article details a process for wherein a carbonaceous fuel is oxygen or an oxygen containing
and hydrogen
from petro-
07
Brit. UK Pat. Appl. GB 2. 296, 25.5 (Cl. 94125, 868, 21 Dee 1994. 7 pp. the production of electricity and hydrogen partially oxidized at elevated pressure with gas.
Alternative energy sources (bioconversion energy)
ALTERNATIVE SOURCES Bioconversion
A review of ash in conventional and advanced coal97101263 based power systems Holcomhe. N. T. Proc. Amu. In!. Pifrshurgh Coal Cmf., 1995. 12, l-6. Details process conditions for conventional and advanced power systems. The advanced systems presented include both combustion and gasification processes. Problems in coal-based power generation systems, including deposition, agglomeration and sintering of bed materials, and ash attack are also discussed. Methods of mitigating ash problems and anticipated changes anticipated in ash use hy converting from conventional to advanced systems are described.
97101264 application
Stability analysis of MHD disk generators to power systems with COa recovery
Ishikawa. M. YI ul. Eneru, FehiMarch 1997, 22, (2/3), 239-247. Preliminary design and stability analyses of magnetohydrodynamic disk generators were conducted. These are used in electric generation systems with CO2 recovery.
97101265 Strategic analysis electric power generation
of biomass
(MHD) power-
IO, (2-3), fuels for of power fuels are municipal A number
Thermodynamic and economic study of combined 97101266 cycle gas and steam process (GUD) power plants applying lowcalorific fuel gases Chen~.-Ing.-Tech.. 1996. 68. (IO), 132% Klingemann. J. and Maricet. M. 1331. (In German) The application of low calorific-fuel gases in a GUD with an integrated coal and oil gasification and an air fractionation plant was investigated with regard to NO, formation. thermodynamic-economic parameters, and petroleum gasification.
97101267
Water cooled fuel cell power plants
Suzuki, S. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08, 180, 897 [96, 180, 8971 (Cl. HOIM8/04), 12 Jul 1996. JP Appl. 941257, 783, 24 Ott 1994, 5 pp (In Japanese). Provides details of water cooled fuel cell power plants. The power plants have fuel cells, a water cooling system containing a steam-water separator and a recycling pump for cooling the fuel cells, a‘device for utilizing the separated steam. and a means separated from the cooling system and the devices for treating the separated steam.
Economics,
97101266 plants
Policy, Supplies,
The efficiency
of coal-fired
Forecasts
combined-cycle
Bio-recycle
Energy
metallurgy
by utilization
of algae.
Yazawa, A. and Kuwabara, T. Miner. Slo~~~cu. 1996, 28, (S), 313-317. (In Czech) Recycling of CO1 as fuel is not feasible economically, but it would be reasonable if some biomass could serve as media of metallurgical separation as well as fuel. By use of algae, a part of traditional metallurgy may he replaced by bio-recycle metallurgy. The biosorption of metals by algaewas experimentally evaluated. Various applicahiliries are suggested for metal extraction and wastewater treatment.
and
and waste fuels for
McGowin. C. R. and Wiltsee, G. A. Biomass Bioenerm. 1996, 167-175. A paper discussing strategic analysis of biomass- and waste-derived electric power generation. Relative performance and cost generation from coal, natural gas, and biomass and waste compared. The range of fuels includes wood, agricultural wastes, solid waste, refuse-derived fuel, scrap tyres and tyre-derived fuel. of power technologies are considered. Includes four references.
97101269
ENERGY
power
Buskies, U. Appl. nlerrn. Ertg., 1996, 16, (12), 959-974. Considers the efficiency of gas turbine/steam turbine power plants, in which fuel gas for gas turbines IS produced via the gasification of coal.
Bioconversion of tapioca (Manihot esculenta) 97101270 waste and wafer hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)-influence of various physico-chemical factors Abraham, M. and Kurup, G. M. J. Fernlent. Bioerlg., 1990, X2. (3). 259263. This article discusses how the bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials to fermentable sugars and liquid fuels is now being given serious consideration. The work reports various physical and chemical pretreatments carried out on tapioca waste and water hyacinth aimed at maximizing the saccharification rate of these cellulosic wastes. ‘The study focusses on whether the reducing sugar content of saccharified tapioca waste and water hyacinth hydrolyzate can be used as a carbohydrate raw material for the production of alcohol. The influence of various factors on the growth and ethanol production of Saccharom~c~.r cerc~+siaecells was also investigated.
97101271 mass
Biofluid
process:
fluidized-bed
gasification
of bio-
Dittrich. V. I/TT Symp., 1996, 164 (Power Production from Biomass II with Special Emphasis on Gasification and Pyrolysis R&DD), 277-282. This paper explains how fluidized-bed gasification of biomass was developed by ATEKO through using long-term experience with coal gasification. An experimental unit was built and a number of tests, initially with sawdust gasification, were carried out. A mathematical model for gasification based on chemical equililibria was prepared and tested on wood waste. A gas combustion engine combined with a power generator was installed and operated in power production.
97101272 biomass
Biogas
generation
by anaerobic
fermentation
of
Loock, R. GWF, Gas- Wasserfach: GasiErdgas. I99f1, 137. (6), 284-288. (In German) Details a fermentation plant for biomass. The process of anaerobic fermentation of organic residual matter was modularly designed, thus offering a high degree of flexibility and cost effectiveness.
97101273
Biomass
Kucuk, M. M. 1996), 38, (2). Reiews three chemical, and
and Demirbas, A. Enrw, Con~er.~. Manrr~e.. 1997 (Pub. 151-165. different biomass conversion processes (thermochemical, biochemical).
conversion
97101274
Biomass
feedstock
processes
analyses
VTTPuhl., 1996, 282, 34pp. Wilen, C. et al. This report was prepared as part of the project ‘Feasibility of electricity production from biomass by pressurized gasification systems’ within the EC Research Programme JOULE II. The objectives of this task were to perform fuel analyses of potential woody and herhaceous hiomasses with specific regard to the gasification properties of the selected feedstocks. The analyses are reported of IS Scandinavian and European biomass feedstocks.
97101275
Biomass
IGCC
VTT .~JwI~., 1996. 164 (Power Production from Sale, K. and Keranen, H. Biomass II with Special Emphasis on Gasification and Pyrolysis R&DD), 23-39. This paper is concerned with the development of a modern power plant concept based on pressurized fluidized-bed gasification and gas turbine combined cycle (IGCC). The process is capable of maximizing the electricity production with a variety of solid fuels (different biomass and coal types), mixed or separate. The feasibility of a pressurized gasificationbased processes is discussed in comparison to competing technologies in different applications. The potential of power production from biomass is also described.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
March 1997
101