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01582 Modes of occurrence of environmentally sensitive trace elements in coal
01
Solid fuels (sources, winning, properfies)
A geochemical study of macerals from a Miocene 97101575 lignite and an Eocene bituminous coal, Indonesia
97101584 Oxygen distribution in maceral from the Ostrava-Karvina coal district
Stankiewicz. B. A. el ul. 0%. Geochem.. 1996, 24, (S), 531-545. Maceral concentrates from a Miocene lignite and an Eocene high-volatile bituminous-carbon coal from Southeastern Kalimantan. Indonesia were subjected to optical and chemical studies using pyrolysis, optical, electron microprobe and FTIR techniques. The results showed that differences in the pyrolysis products between the huminite and vitrinite samples reflect hoth maturation-related and paleobotanical differences. Data from the electron microprobe and Fourier transform IR spectrometry strongly support the results obtained by Py-GC-MS and microscopy.
Straka, P. ef ol. Uh/i-Rudy-Geo[. Pruzk7m7., 109h. 3, (71, 223%22h. (In Czech) This experiment determined the oxygen distribution in OH groups, CO groups, and oxygen-bonds of enriched maceral fractions of coal from the Ostrave-Karvina coal district, compared the content of the oxygencontaining groups in individual fractions, and evaluated their effect on the chemical structure of the fractions. In the enriched maceral fractions of coal, oxygen was present mainly in the form of -OH and 0 groups and considerably less in the CO and peroxide forms. In the inertinite fractions, oxygen is honded, to a large extent. in phenolic groups.
Hydrovibrating 97101576 cal experience
separator.
Development
97101577
Influence of genetic in fluidized bed
factors
of coals
of coals
and practi-
Korn, H. et cl/. AIlfhel-Pir.-Tech., 1996. 37, (7), 329-334. (In German) This paper presents two new cost-effective hydrovibrating separators for the separation of organic compounds like coal or wood from huilding materials like sand and gravel. The hydrovihrating separators can be integrated in various plant concept\.
activation
fractions
on
their
97101585 Petrographic coal fractions of different
characteristics critical surface
and reflectance energies
of
1996, 30. 41-4X. (In Rog, L. and Sahlik. J. Fiz.ykochem. Pmhl. Minerolurgii Polish) The authors examined coal fractions with different surface energies. It was shown that the petrographical composition of the fractions change according to the surface tension of the solution used for separation.
Kosinskii. V. A. ef al. Koks K&n. 1996, (7). 2-3. (In Russian) A study of coals from different coal fields, including the meta-anthracites of Taimyr peninsula. The paper presents the dependence between the adsorption activity of coals for I and vitrinite reflection index for different activation periods. The applications of activated charcoals with different Rfl arc considered.
97101586 Physical and chemical properties of peat and its chemical and thermal processing Lishtvan, 1. I. Khim. Tverd. Top/. (Mo.scow~J, IYYh, (3). 3-23. (In Russian)
Investigation of the forms of occurrence of rare and 97101576 trace elements in brown coals of the Tarbagatai field (West Transbaikal region)
97101587
This study explored peat composition and its properties. directions of peat processing and use were presented.
Prospects
for
reclaiming
fine
coal
The
from
main
slurry
ponds
Povarennykh. M. Y. and Meitov. E. S. Litol. Polezn. Iskop., 1095, (4), 402414. (In Russian) An investigation took place into the forms of occurrence of rare and trace elements in coals and rocks of the germanium-brown coal field. Nonuniformity of distribution of Ge and a series of trace elements in coals of different deposit\ was found. Mass spectrometric data indicated that Ge and a series of trace elements were hound chemically. and not by sorption, to the coal.
Schimmoller. B. K. et rrl. Coal Finer: U77clain7etl Fuel. /A77uu. Tech. Cor7f,/. 2&h, 1995, 125-136. Edited by Serkin. S. D. Coal & Slurry Technology Association. Washington, DC. Coal fines slurry pond quantity esimates, quality trends, washability relationships, material recovery, and case studies arc reviewed in this paper.
Major chemical components and mineralogical 97101579 character of the inorganic matter of energetic coals from the east Dart of Upper Silesia Coal Basin (Poland)
Ma, Z. rf nl. Fuel Sci. Tcch77d. Ill/., lY96, 14. (II)), 1391-1403. Proton NMR imaging, using pyridine-di and acetone-d,,, was used to investigate solvent transport into coal. Solvent swelling of Fushun bituminous coal was also observed by proton spin density images. From these NMR images, some information on the transport and swelling behaviour of coal was obtained.
Bojarska. K. tind Bzowski. Z. Proc. Annu. Int. Pittsburgh Coal Co77f., 1995. 12. Sll-516. This study confirmed that the major components of the mineral matter of the coals are clay minerals and carbonates. The results of mineralogical and chemical studies of the energetic coals are used in ecological evaluation of ash utilization.
97/01580 peat
Mathematical
modeling
of low-temp
thermolysis
of
Kiavtsov, A. V. cf ul. khim. Tt,erd. Topl. (Moscow), 1996. (3), 73-80. (In Russian) A kinetic model of thermolysis (29%723°C) of peat was proposed based on experimental data on thermal conversion of the group components of two peats (Eriophorum-Sphagnum and Carex) and data on the mechanism of these transformations. The model was used to calculate the kinetic parameters (activation energy and rate constants) of thermolysis of the group components of six other peats.
97101581 properties
Mathematical
simulation
of
coal
structure
and
Gyul’maliev, A. M. ef (I/. Khirn. %wd. Top/. (Moscow). 1996, (3), 4S-S4. (In Russian) The necessary number of structural parameters was defined, based on topological data of organic molecules containing N, 0, and S heteroatoms, and an algorithm to calculate the physicochemical characteristics of coal of different rank was developed. The numbers of chemical honds of different types and aromatic rings in one ‘molecule’ of coal were calculated based on the example of vitrinites in a metamorphic series.
Modes of occurrence 97101582 trace elements in coal.
of environmentally
Finkelman. R. B. Energy Enriro,~. (Dordrech,, Nefh.) mental Aspects of Trace Elements in Coal), 24-50.
97101583
Oxidation
properties
of processed
97101588 Proton NMR imaging ated solvents
studies
of coal using deuter-
97101589 Quality and petrographic characteristics cene coals from the Hanna basin, Wyoming Pierce, B. S. Org. Geochem., 1996. 24, (2). 181--1X7.
of Paleo-
Distinct differences in ash yield, sulfur content, and petrographical and palynolological constituents were observed in coal beds from the Ferris and Hanna Formations, in the Hanna basin, south-central Wyoming. These differences are interpreted to be controlled by tectonic changes of the Hanna basin and adjoining uplifts during evolutionary development, which. in turn, controlled mire chemicals and sedimentation. These conditions created two very different settings under which the peats developed during deposition of the Ferris and the Hanna Formations.
97101590 Recovery thermal dryer system
and
utilization
of fine
clean
coal
in a
Breault, R. W. Coal Fines: Unclaimed Fuel. /Arr7717. T&7. Con/./, 2Ofh. 1995, 53-64. Edited by Serkin. S. D., Coal & Slurry Technology Association: Washington, DC. The use of a combination of a clean coal thickener with a squeeze belt press to recover the ultrafine coal in dryer scrubber effluent is proposed by the program detailed. A further essential part of this program is a proposal to demonstrate that the coal-water mixture produced from the scrubher sludge of a thermal dryer can he used as a dust suppressant.
sensitive
1095, 2 (Environ-
low-rank
coals
Schroeder. K. T. and Fauth, D. J. Proc. A77rtu. Inf. Pitfshurgh Coal Conf.. 1995, 12, lhS-171. Spontaneous ignition can occur when thermally treated subbituminous coals self-heat. Evidence is presented indicating that thermally treated Rosebud subbituminous coal may be oxidized at 80°C. under moist conditions, to provide sample stability as measured by oxygen adsorption test\.
97101591 Some relationships and mineral composition
between
coal
rank
chemical
Vassilev. S. el al. Fuel 1996, 75, (13). 1537-1542. Some relationships between coal rank (C) and the mineral and chemical composition of coals and their high-temperature ashes world-wide were studied. It was found that the occurrence, abundance and origin of mineral matter in coal depends to a certain extent cm the coal rank. Various processes related to some changes in inorganic matter during coalification are discussed. The metamorphic progression dnd leaching hehaviour of different minerals, phases and elements from low- to high-rank coals have resulted in essential changes in the mineral and chemical composition of coals.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
May 1997
135
Solid fuels (sources, winning, properfies)
A geochemical study of macerals from a Miocene 97101575 lignite and an Eocene bituminous coal, Indonesia
97101584 Oxygen distribution in maceral from the Ostrava-Karvina coal district
Stankiewicz. B. A. el ul. 0%. Geochem.. 1996, 24, (S), 531-545. Maceral concentrates from a Miocene lignite and an Eocene high-volatile bituminous-carbon coal from Southeastern Kalimantan. Indonesia were subjected to optical and chemical studies using pyrolysis, optical, electron microprobe and FTIR techniques. The results showed that differences in the pyrolysis products between the huminite and vitrinite samples reflect hoth maturation-related and paleobotanical differences. Data from the electron microprobe and Fourier transform IR spectrometry strongly support the results obtained by Py-GC-MS and microscopy.
Straka, P. ef ol. Uh/i-Rudy-Geo[. Pruzk7m7., 109h. 3, (71, 223%22h. (In Czech) This experiment determined the oxygen distribution in OH groups, CO groups, and oxygen-bonds of enriched maceral fractions of coal from the Ostrave-Karvina coal district, compared the content of the oxygencontaining groups in individual fractions, and evaluated their effect on the chemical structure of the fractions. In the enriched maceral fractions of coal, oxygen was present mainly in the form of -OH and 0 groups and considerably less in the CO and peroxide forms. In the inertinite fractions, oxygen is honded, to a large extent. in phenolic groups.
Hydrovibrating 97101576 cal experience
separator.
Development
97101577
Influence of genetic in fluidized bed
factors
of coals
of coals
and practi-
Korn, H. et cl/. AIlfhel-Pir.-Tech., 1996. 37, (7), 329-334. (In German) This paper presents two new cost-effective hydrovibrating separators for the separation of organic compounds like coal or wood from huilding materials like sand and gravel. The hydrovihrating separators can be integrated in various plant concept\.
activation
fractions
on
their
97101585 Petrographic coal fractions of different
characteristics critical surface
and reflectance energies
of
1996, 30. 41-4X. (In Rog, L. and Sahlik. J. Fiz.ykochem. Pmhl. Minerolurgii Polish) The authors examined coal fractions with different surface energies. It was shown that the petrographical composition of the fractions change according to the surface tension of the solution used for separation.
Kosinskii. V. A. ef al. Koks K&n. 1996, (7). 2-3. (In Russian) A study of coals from different coal fields, including the meta-anthracites of Taimyr peninsula. The paper presents the dependence between the adsorption activity of coals for I and vitrinite reflection index for different activation periods. The applications of activated charcoals with different Rfl arc considered.
97101586 Physical and chemical properties of peat and its chemical and thermal processing Lishtvan, 1. I. Khim. Tverd. Top/. (Mo.scow~J, IYYh, (3). 3-23. (In Russian)
Investigation of the forms of occurrence of rare and 97101576 trace elements in brown coals of the Tarbagatai field (West Transbaikal region)
97101587
This study explored peat composition and its properties. directions of peat processing and use were presented.
Prospects
for
reclaiming
fine
coal
The
from
main
slurry
ponds
Povarennykh. M. Y. and Meitov. E. S. Litol. Polezn. Iskop., 1095, (4), 402414. (In Russian) An investigation took place into the forms of occurrence of rare and trace elements in coals and rocks of the germanium-brown coal field. Nonuniformity of distribution of Ge and a series of trace elements in coals of different deposit\ was found. Mass spectrometric data indicated that Ge and a series of trace elements were hound chemically. and not by sorption, to the coal.
Schimmoller. B. K. et rrl. Coal Finer: U77clain7etl Fuel. /A77uu. Tech. Cor7f,/. 2&h, 1995, 125-136. Edited by Serkin. S. D. Coal & Slurry Technology Association. Washington, DC. Coal fines slurry pond quantity esimates, quality trends, washability relationships, material recovery, and case studies arc reviewed in this paper.
Major chemical components and mineralogical 97101579 character of the inorganic matter of energetic coals from the east Dart of Upper Silesia Coal Basin (Poland)
Ma, Z. rf nl. Fuel Sci. Tcch77d. Ill/., lY96, 14. (II)), 1391-1403. Proton NMR imaging, using pyridine-di and acetone-d,,, was used to investigate solvent transport into coal. Solvent swelling of Fushun bituminous coal was also observed by proton spin density images. From these NMR images, some information on the transport and swelling behaviour of coal was obtained.
Bojarska. K. tind Bzowski. Z. Proc. Annu. Int. Pittsburgh Coal Co77f., 1995. 12. Sll-516. This study confirmed that the major components of the mineral matter of the coals are clay minerals and carbonates. The results of mineralogical and chemical studies of the energetic coals are used in ecological evaluation of ash utilization.
97/01580 peat
Mathematical
modeling
of low-temp
thermolysis
of
Kiavtsov, A. V. cf ul. khim. Tt,erd. Topl. (Moscow), 1996. (3), 73-80. (In Russian) A kinetic model of thermolysis (29%723°C) of peat was proposed based on experimental data on thermal conversion of the group components of two peats (Eriophorum-Sphagnum and Carex) and data on the mechanism of these transformations. The model was used to calculate the kinetic parameters (activation energy and rate constants) of thermolysis of the group components of six other peats.
97101581 properties
Mathematical
simulation
of
coal
structure
and
Gyul’maliev, A. M. ef (I/. Khirn. %wd. Top/. (Moscow). 1996, (3), 4S-S4. (In Russian) The necessary number of structural parameters was defined, based on topological data of organic molecules containing N, 0, and S heteroatoms, and an algorithm to calculate the physicochemical characteristics of coal of different rank was developed. The numbers of chemical honds of different types and aromatic rings in one ‘molecule’ of coal were calculated based on the example of vitrinites in a metamorphic series.
Modes of occurrence 97101582 trace elements in coal.
of environmentally
Finkelman. R. B. Energy Enriro,~. (Dordrech,, Nefh.) mental Aspects of Trace Elements in Coal), 24-50.
97101583
Oxidation
properties
of processed
97101588 Proton NMR imaging ated solvents
studies
of coal using deuter-
97101589 Quality and petrographic characteristics cene coals from the Hanna basin, Wyoming Pierce, B. S. Org. Geochem., 1996. 24, (2). 181--1X7.
of Paleo-
Distinct differences in ash yield, sulfur content, and petrographical and palynolological constituents were observed in coal beds from the Ferris and Hanna Formations, in the Hanna basin, south-central Wyoming. These differences are interpreted to be controlled by tectonic changes of the Hanna basin and adjoining uplifts during evolutionary development, which. in turn, controlled mire chemicals and sedimentation. These conditions created two very different settings under which the peats developed during deposition of the Ferris and the Hanna Formations.
97101590 Recovery thermal dryer system
and
utilization
of fine
clean
coal
in a
Breault, R. W. Coal Fines: Unclaimed Fuel. /Arr7717. T&7. Con/./, 2Ofh. 1995, 53-64. Edited by Serkin. S. D., Coal & Slurry Technology Association: Washington, DC. The use of a combination of a clean coal thickener with a squeeze belt press to recover the ultrafine coal in dryer scrubber effluent is proposed by the program detailed. A further essential part of this program is a proposal to demonstrate that the coal-water mixture produced from the scrubher sludge of a thermal dryer can he used as a dust suppressant.
sensitive
1095, 2 (Environ-
low-rank
coals
Schroeder. K. T. and Fauth, D. J. Proc. A77rtu. Inf. Pitfshurgh Coal Conf.. 1995, 12, lhS-171. Spontaneous ignition can occur when thermally treated subbituminous coals self-heat. Evidence is presented indicating that thermally treated Rosebud subbituminous coal may be oxidized at 80°C. under moist conditions, to provide sample stability as measured by oxygen adsorption test\.
97101591 Some relationships and mineral composition
between
coal
rank
chemical
Vassilev. S. el al. Fuel 1996, 75, (13). 1537-1542. Some relationships between coal rank (C) and the mineral and chemical composition of coals and their high-temperature ashes world-wide were studied. It was found that the occurrence, abundance and origin of mineral matter in coal depends to a certain extent cm the coal rank. Various processes related to some changes in inorganic matter during coalification are discussed. The metamorphic progression dnd leaching hehaviour of different minerals, phases and elements from low- to high-rank coals have resulted in essential changes in the mineral and chemical composition of coals.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
May 1997
135