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02302 Adsorption removal of organic solvent vapor by silica zeolites
15
Environment
(pollution, health protection,
safety)
the latent heat of fusion from water. The condenser of the heat pump supplies heat at a high enough temperature to be useful for space heating and domestic hot water. The ice that is formed by the action of the heat pump is subsequently melted by solar thermal energy. A prototype system is being installed to heat a 750 ft apartment. The system is expected to lower purchased energy for the apartment by 60% and have a pay-back time around seven years.
Standard exergies for major organic compounds including working pairs for heat pumps
97102300
Zheng, D. el al. Beijing Huagong Dame Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban, 1996, 23, (2). 5-9. Beijing Huagong Daxue Xuebaa Bianjibu. (In Chinese) An evaluation of the standard exergies of elements and 500 major organic compounds. The standard exergy of a compound is calculated from the standard exergies of its elements using A&3’ of the compound A sequential method for the determination of standard exergies of elements is used. The estimation of standard exergy for some organic compounds was carried out by using the standard combustion enthalpy when those AiG” were unavailable.
Health Protection,
Safety
Accumulation of iron in the rat lung after intra97102301 tracheal instillation of coal dust Ghio, A. J. and Roggli, V. L. Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 1996, 11, (7), 980-985. The inhalation of coal dust is associated with an accumulation of iron in the human lung. Collagen deposition in the lungs of coal miners can correlate with the concentration of tissue nonheme iron. In this study collagen deposition was observed in the area adjacent to the dust, but only after two months of dust instillation.
Adsorption removal of organic solvent vapor by silica zeolltes
97102302
Aoki, T. Chikyu Kankyo Tekia Kagaku S&an Gliutsu Kenkyu Hokokusho, 1996, 3, 39-46. (In Japanese) The efficiency of high-silica zeolites for adsorption removal of toluene from waste gas was found to be about 40% that of activated coal.
Air pollution from energy use in a developing country city: the case of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
97102303
Shrestha, R. M. and Malla, S. Energy (Oxford), 1996, 21, (9). 785-794. Sectoral energy-use patterns were examined and the authors estimated the associated emission of key air pollutants in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, for 1993. In addition, the levels of pollutant emissions from fuel use in 2013 under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario: total emissions of selected pollutants are estmated to be over 63,000 tons in 1993 and to increase fivefold by 2013. The transportation sector contributes the largest share of pollutants, followed by the household and industrial sectors. Gasoline, fuel wood, and coal were the dominant fuel contributors to total emissions, and CO was the dominant pollutant.
Ammonia removal from coal ash using ammonia as nitrogen oxide reducing agent in flue gas treatment
97102304
Morimoto, K. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08,187,484 [96,187,484] (Cl B09B3/00), 23 Jul 1996, Appl. 95/18,457,9 Jan 1995; 8 pp. (In Japanese) The process involves mixing the ammonia adsorbed coal ash with water below the plastic limit amount and stirring at 150-1000 rpm The mixture is then stored in a hopper, aerated and discharged, and then the mixture is stirred at 150-1000 rpm and stored in another hopper, aerated and discharged. Ammonia is removed with aeration.
Analysis of nitrous oxfde emissions from conven97102305 tional combustion processes Danihelka, P. et al. Proc. Annu. Int. Pittsburgh Coal Conf., 1995, 12, 437442. This paper reports the development of a non-continuous sampling technique which prevents positive errors caused by the NzO formation in the container and the GC-ECD analysis technique used for NzO detection. Sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and moisture should be completely removed from the sample.
194 Fuel and Energy Abstracts
May 1997
Trembaczowski, A. et al. Acta Geol. Hung., 1996, 39. (Suppl., Isotope Workshop III, 1996). 191-194. A good opportunity to test stable isotope techniques to trace groundwater pollution sources is offered by the industrial region of Belchatow. Czech Republic, especially brown coal mining and combustion. Mining brown coal causes intense de-watering of the mined area. disturbing groundwater circulation. Water flow changes cause further complications. Changes in groundwater systems were detected using piezometers in 2000 wells in an affected area.
Atmospheric pollution in a coal mine region of Romania and solutions to assure sustainable develooment
97102307
Irimie, I. 1. and Tulbure, 1. Proc. Interror. Enesy Conver.y.’ Eng. Conf., 1996, 31, 2299-2302. The problem of atmospheric pollution in the Jiu-Valley coal mining region of Romania is addressed. The issues include pollution sources, pollution impacts, and short-, middle-, and long-term measures to improve the situation in order to obtain a sustainable development of this region. The importance of the problems presented in this paper is emphasized by the fact in that, in addition to coking and fuel-grade coal reserves, this region has a high tourist potential throughout the whole year.
97102308 system
15 ENVIRONMENT Pollution,
Application of isotopic analyses to study the influence of exploitation of brown coal on the pollution of groundwater
97102306
The Bayswater
high density
fly ash disposal
Venton. P. B. et al. BHR Grow Con/: Ser. Pub/., 1996, 20. (Slurrv Handling and Pipeline Transport, Hydrotransport 13). 435-452. ’ ’ A high density slurry disposal system has been developed to transport ash at 300 t/h and 72% concentration over IO km. This will be discharged into disused open cut mine workings as part of a rehabilitation process for the mine site. This project is understood to be a world first in length, concentration and application, combining slurry transport and disposal systems with an environmentally sound site rehabilitation programme. This paper presents an overview of the project basis, its design, and reports on its initial performance.
Biochemical responses of lpomea [Ipomoea] fistulosa L. to coal-smoke pollution
97102309
Lone, F. A. et al. Chem. Environ. Res., 1994, 3, (3 & 4). 201-204. The paper investigates the impact of coal-smoke pollution on some biochemical parameters of Ipomoea fistulosa growing in ambient field conditions around the Thermal Power Plant of Kasimpur in India has revealed that the contents of chlorophyll, N-P-K balance, as well as carbohydrates and protein levels get affected under pollution stress. However, the foliar S contents recorded a marked increase in the same environmental setup.
Bioremediation of polluted soils from former coal industries and gas sites
97102310
Duval, M. N. and Dubourguier, H. C. Meded.-Fat. Landbouwkd. Toegepaste Biol. Wet. (Univ. Gent), 1996, 61, (4b). 1895-1902. The PAH content ranged between 24 and 47 g/kg DW in soils of former derelict coke-making plants. The operational conditions for large-scale bioremediation of such highly polluted soils were studied. Laboratory and pilot experiments led to a solid-phase bioremediation strategy with progressive addition of nutrients and bioaugmentation with thermophilic enrichments of indigenous microflora. Industrial development of the technique has been running for five months. Pilot scale experiments were confirmed by actual results.
97102311
Carbon sorbents from Donetsk anthracites for air
cleaning Golovko, L. V. et al. Ekotekhnol. Resursosberezhenie, 1996, (3), 49-52. (In Russian) This paper discusses the adsorptive and structural characteristics of the Donetsk anthracites. It is demonstrated that under fluidized-bed conditions with activation by water vapour, these coals acquire a microporous structure. In the process of activation, the mesoporosity develops progressively. Activated anthracites (ACA) with such a structure can be obtained by controlling the activation time. Test results of these anthracites with some volatile organic substances have shown their good stable adsorption activity and reproducibility after regeneration. The effective absorbents for ammonia removal from air and waste gases can be obtained by directed surface modification of the activated anthracites.
97102312
Catalytic reduction of NO to N2
Tan, C.-D. et al. Proc. Annu. Int. Pittsburgh Coal Conf., 1995, 12, 761-766. A major pollutant in the exhaust streams of various combustion processes is NO. Depending on the nature of combustion processes, various catalytic and noncatalytic schemes have been developed to remove NO from exhaust streams. This paper reports the catalytic reduction of NO by CO to Nz over Rh catalysts. In situ IR spectroscopy is employed to study the reactivity of adsorbates during the reaction. The detailed mechanism of the catalytic NO reduction is discussed in term of the reactivity of adsorbates.
Environment
(pollution, health protection,
safety)
the latent heat of fusion from water. The condenser of the heat pump supplies heat at a high enough temperature to be useful for space heating and domestic hot water. The ice that is formed by the action of the heat pump is subsequently melted by solar thermal energy. A prototype system is being installed to heat a 750 ft apartment. The system is expected to lower purchased energy for the apartment by 60% and have a pay-back time around seven years.
Standard exergies for major organic compounds including working pairs for heat pumps
97102300
Zheng, D. el al. Beijing Huagong Dame Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban, 1996, 23, (2). 5-9. Beijing Huagong Daxue Xuebaa Bianjibu. (In Chinese) An evaluation of the standard exergies of elements and 500 major organic compounds. The standard exergy of a compound is calculated from the standard exergies of its elements using A&3’ of the compound A sequential method for the determination of standard exergies of elements is used. The estimation of standard exergy for some organic compounds was carried out by using the standard combustion enthalpy when those AiG” were unavailable.
Health Protection,
Safety
Accumulation of iron in the rat lung after intra97102301 tracheal instillation of coal dust Ghio, A. J. and Roggli, V. L. Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg., 1996, 11, (7), 980-985. The inhalation of coal dust is associated with an accumulation of iron in the human lung. Collagen deposition in the lungs of coal miners can correlate with the concentration of tissue nonheme iron. In this study collagen deposition was observed in the area adjacent to the dust, but only after two months of dust instillation.
Adsorption removal of organic solvent vapor by silica zeolltes
97102302
Aoki, T. Chikyu Kankyo Tekia Kagaku S&an Gliutsu Kenkyu Hokokusho, 1996, 3, 39-46. (In Japanese) The efficiency of high-silica zeolites for adsorption removal of toluene from waste gas was found to be about 40% that of activated coal.
Air pollution from energy use in a developing country city: the case of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
97102303
Shrestha, R. M. and Malla, S. Energy (Oxford), 1996, 21, (9). 785-794. Sectoral energy-use patterns were examined and the authors estimated the associated emission of key air pollutants in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, for 1993. In addition, the levels of pollutant emissions from fuel use in 2013 under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario: total emissions of selected pollutants are estmated to be over 63,000 tons in 1993 and to increase fivefold by 2013. The transportation sector contributes the largest share of pollutants, followed by the household and industrial sectors. Gasoline, fuel wood, and coal were the dominant fuel contributors to total emissions, and CO was the dominant pollutant.
Ammonia removal from coal ash using ammonia as nitrogen oxide reducing agent in flue gas treatment
97102304
Morimoto, K. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08,187,484 [96,187,484] (Cl B09B3/00), 23 Jul 1996, Appl. 95/18,457,9 Jan 1995; 8 pp. (In Japanese) The process involves mixing the ammonia adsorbed coal ash with water below the plastic limit amount and stirring at 150-1000 rpm The mixture is then stored in a hopper, aerated and discharged, and then the mixture is stirred at 150-1000 rpm and stored in another hopper, aerated and discharged. Ammonia is removed with aeration.
Analysis of nitrous oxfde emissions from conven97102305 tional combustion processes Danihelka, P. et al. Proc. Annu. Int. Pittsburgh Coal Conf., 1995, 12, 437442. This paper reports the development of a non-continuous sampling technique which prevents positive errors caused by the NzO formation in the container and the GC-ECD analysis technique used for NzO detection. Sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and moisture should be completely removed from the sample.
194 Fuel and Energy Abstracts
May 1997
Trembaczowski, A. et al. Acta Geol. Hung., 1996, 39. (Suppl., Isotope Workshop III, 1996). 191-194. A good opportunity to test stable isotope techniques to trace groundwater pollution sources is offered by the industrial region of Belchatow. Czech Republic, especially brown coal mining and combustion. Mining brown coal causes intense de-watering of the mined area. disturbing groundwater circulation. Water flow changes cause further complications. Changes in groundwater systems were detected using piezometers in 2000 wells in an affected area.
Atmospheric pollution in a coal mine region of Romania and solutions to assure sustainable develooment
97102307
Irimie, I. 1. and Tulbure, 1. Proc. Interror. Enesy Conver.y.’ Eng. Conf., 1996, 31, 2299-2302. The problem of atmospheric pollution in the Jiu-Valley coal mining region of Romania is addressed. The issues include pollution sources, pollution impacts, and short-, middle-, and long-term measures to improve the situation in order to obtain a sustainable development of this region. The importance of the problems presented in this paper is emphasized by the fact in that, in addition to coking and fuel-grade coal reserves, this region has a high tourist potential throughout the whole year.
97102308 system
15 ENVIRONMENT Pollution,
Application of isotopic analyses to study the influence of exploitation of brown coal on the pollution of groundwater
97102306
The Bayswater
high density
fly ash disposal
Venton. P. B. et al. BHR Grow Con/: Ser. Pub/., 1996, 20. (Slurrv Handling and Pipeline Transport, Hydrotransport 13). 435-452. ’ ’ A high density slurry disposal system has been developed to transport ash at 300 t/h and 72% concentration over IO km. This will be discharged into disused open cut mine workings as part of a rehabilitation process for the mine site. This project is understood to be a world first in length, concentration and application, combining slurry transport and disposal systems with an environmentally sound site rehabilitation programme. This paper presents an overview of the project basis, its design, and reports on its initial performance.
Biochemical responses of lpomea [Ipomoea] fistulosa L. to coal-smoke pollution
97102309
Lone, F. A. et al. Chem. Environ. Res., 1994, 3, (3 & 4). 201-204. The paper investigates the impact of coal-smoke pollution on some biochemical parameters of Ipomoea fistulosa growing in ambient field conditions around the Thermal Power Plant of Kasimpur in India has revealed that the contents of chlorophyll, N-P-K balance, as well as carbohydrates and protein levels get affected under pollution stress. However, the foliar S contents recorded a marked increase in the same environmental setup.
Bioremediation of polluted soils from former coal industries and gas sites
97102310
Duval, M. N. and Dubourguier, H. C. Meded.-Fat. Landbouwkd. Toegepaste Biol. Wet. (Univ. Gent), 1996, 61, (4b). 1895-1902. The PAH content ranged between 24 and 47 g/kg DW in soils of former derelict coke-making plants. The operational conditions for large-scale bioremediation of such highly polluted soils were studied. Laboratory and pilot experiments led to a solid-phase bioremediation strategy with progressive addition of nutrients and bioaugmentation with thermophilic enrichments of indigenous microflora. Industrial development of the technique has been running for five months. Pilot scale experiments were confirmed by actual results.
97102311
Carbon sorbents from Donetsk anthracites for air
cleaning Golovko, L. V. et al. Ekotekhnol. Resursosberezhenie, 1996, (3), 49-52. (In Russian) This paper discusses the adsorptive and structural characteristics of the Donetsk anthracites. It is demonstrated that under fluidized-bed conditions with activation by water vapour, these coals acquire a microporous structure. In the process of activation, the mesoporosity develops progressively. Activated anthracites (ACA) with such a structure can be obtained by controlling the activation time. Test results of these anthracites with some volatile organic substances have shown their good stable adsorption activity and reproducibility after regeneration. The effective absorbents for ammonia removal from air and waste gases can be obtained by directed surface modification of the activated anthracites.
97102312
Catalytic reduction of NO to N2
Tan, C.-D. et al. Proc. Annu. Int. Pittsburgh Coal Conf., 1995, 12, 761-766. A major pollutant in the exhaust streams of various combustion processes is NO. Depending on the nature of combustion processes, various catalytic and noncatalytic schemes have been developed to remove NO from exhaust streams. This paper reports the catalytic reduction of NO by CO to Nz over Rh catalysts. In situ IR spectroscopy is employed to study the reactivity of adsorbates during the reaction. The detailed mechanism of the catalytic NO reduction is discussed in term of the reactivity of adsorbates.