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03565 Advanced technologies for power generation from coal
01
transit time, are calculated for the transport of coal in barges. The importance of bed compaction in enhancing the safety of the coal pile is thus confirmed. 97103559 Solving the problems of delivery and use of wet coal fines in the commercial marketplace by mulled coal technology Davis, B. E. and Jamison, P. R. Proc. Inl. Tech. Conf. Coal l/d. Fuel Syst., 1993,
18,245-25.5.
Wet fine coal (filter cake) is converted into a granular solid (mulled coal) with this technology. The mulled coal retains its original moisture, but handles, transports, and stores like dry fine coal. Spontaneous 97103560 hoppers; safety aspects Rautalin, A. and Wilon, C.
ignition
of coal in pressurized
Proc. Int. Tech. Co@
lock-
Solid fuels (economics,
business, marketing, policy)
dewatering and reconstitution of fine-cleaned-coal slurry at 300 lb per h in PETC Coal Preparation Process Research Facility is used. Fine-cleanedcoal slurry was treated with a bitumen emulsion before dewatering in a high-gravity solid-bowl centrifuge. The treated products appeared to be dry and in a free-flowing granular form, while the untreated products were wet, lumpy, sticky, and difficult to handle. Moisture content, handleability, and dust reduction of the dewatered coal product improved as the addition of emulsion increased from 2 to 8%. The moisture content was dramatically reduced (26-37% reduction) for the four different sizes of coals at 6 or 8% emulsion addition and the freezing problem was also alleviated.
Economics,
Business,
Marketing,
Policy
Coal Lhil. Fuel Syst.,
1995, 20, 109-120.
Some fuels, including coal, ignite spontaneously during storage, this risk increases if the temperature of the fuel is higher than normal at the start of storage, for example, due to drying or grinding processes. The temperature of self-ignition is reduced sharply by pressure rise. On the other hand, it can be increased by inertization. The ignition tendency depends on the shape of the store and, in particular, on the amount of the fuel. The tendency of coal to spontaneous ignition was studied with the pressurized dynamic research equipment in the Energy Production Technologies Unit of VTT Energy, Finland. Results of tests carried out with granular coal (Ds,, = 0.95 mm) and pulverized coal (55% ~200 mesh) at normal 1 bar pressure and 25 bar pressure are discussed. The measurement results were extrapolated to fullscale storage bins and can therefore be applied directly to practical cases. Self-ignition determinations were also carried out for different biofuels, like forest residue and straw. The results indicated that the coal ignited at much lower temperature than the wood fuels. The results obtained can be utilized in dimensioning fuel bins, in selecting and designing preventive safety systems, and in monitoring and controlling processes. 97103561 A study of pressure drop in a capillary tubeviscometel * for a two-phase flow Ohene, F. et al. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal Ml. Fuel Sysl., 1996, 21, 631643.
The pipeline transportation of highly concentrated suspensions such as coal-water slurries was analysed. They can exhibit several flow characteristics depending on the concentration and the physical parameters of the dispersed phase. Experiments were conducted for coal-water slurry flows in a series of horizontal capillary tubes of diameters 0.8, 1.5, and 3.0 mm and 100 mm in length, in order to investigate the effect of concentration, pressure drop, and the transitional Reynolds number from laminar to turbulent flow in a homogeneous slurry. The solid concentration was varied 15-63% in 0.1% xanthium gum solution. A HVA-6 capillary viscometer was used to measure pressure drop and volume flow. The Reynolds numbers obtained were found to be dependent on the slurry concentration and the viscosity of the slurry mixture, but unaffected by the capillary diameter. A technical and economic assessment of coal log 97103562 pipeline technology at electric power generating plants Wilson, J. W. and Ding, Y. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal Ml. Fuel Syst., 1993, 18, 759-770. Asphalt-bonded coal log pipeline technology at electrical power generating plants is assessed both technically and economically. 97103563 Theoretical and experimental considerations for coal log pipeline control systems-preliminary studies Nair, S. S. and Wu, J. Proc. Int. Tech. Conf. Coal CM. Fuel Syst., 1993, 18, 747-758.
Several issues relevant to the control design for coal log, and, in general, capsule pipeline systems are discussed. The complexity of such novel systems places greater demands on sensing, control hardware, and control strategy design compared to existing commercial pipeline systems. A smallscale demonstration unit of the entire coal log pipeline system was developed at University of Missouri to study the mechanical design and co-ordinated control and operation of its three subsystems: (I) the injection subsystem, (2) the booster pump subsystem, (3) the ejection subsystem. Careful mechanical and control design has resulted in very successful and reliable operation of the system for long periods of time in an automatic mode. The demonstration unit is used as a test bed to gain experience for the ongoing task of designing subsystems and associated control hardware and software for a large-scale coal log pipeline system. 97103564 Utilization of Orimulsion in the GranuFlow process for fine coal dewatering and handling Wen, W.-W. and Killmeyer, R. P. Proc. Int. Tech. Conf. Coal CM. Fuel Sysl., 1996, 21. 833-841. As water is involved in most advanced fine-coal cleaning processes, utility companies are concerned not only with the lower Btu content of the resulting wet, cleaned coal, but more importantly with its handleability problems. The utilization of fine-coal cleaning processes in the utility industry would be enhanced if solutions to these problems were to be found. This paper describes testing of the GranuFlow process, developed and patented by the Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) of the U.S. Department of Energy. A high-gravity solid bowl centrifuge for
97103565 Advanced technologies for power generation from coal Montes, M. and Otero, J. Ing. Quim., 1997, 29, (333), 107-113. (In Spanish) The authors review the present and discuss the future contribution of coal in the energy production, advanced technologies of electrical energy generation based on coal, including combustion of coal powder in fluidized bed and other technologies, coal gasification, environment effects, etc. An assessment of infrastructure needs and project 97103566 opportunities in the coal fired subsector of the former Soviet Bloc Republics Peterson, E. et al. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal CM. Fuel Syst.. 1994, 19, 161-167. The article reviews the current status and outlook of the thermal electricity infrastructure in the coal fired sub-sector of the former Soviet Bloc Republics. Capital project opportunities for US products and services are outlined. 97103567 Australian coal water mixture (CWM) plant development at Newcastle, NSW Dwyer, J. G. Proc. Int. Tech. Conf Coal Util. Fuel Sysr., 1994, 19, 35-38. The technical feasibility of a Newcastle (Australia) coal water mixture plant has been proved, but a more detailed study and application for the required government approval is planned. 97103566 Coal research in Poland. Current activities and future needs Machnikowski, J. Nippon Enerugi Gakkaishi, 1997, 76, (5), 398-404. The Polish economy relies on coal both as a major indigenous source of energy and an important raw material for chemical and carbon industries. The current situation and prospects in production and utilization of solid fossil fuels in Poland is reviewed. Principal research centres dealing with science and technology of coal and related materials are presented and some recent research activities in the field are summarized. Of particular concern are fundamental studies on the structure and properties of coal, metallurgical coke manufacture, clean coal technologies, coal liquefaction, and the use of coal and its derivatives as precursors of carbon materials. 97103569 Coal-fired power plant efficiency and its impact on CO2 emissions in the United States Armor, A. F. and Preston, G. T. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal Uril. Fuel Syst., 1996, 21, 51-61. The combustion optimization in coal-fired power plants and CO2 emissions from all fossil generation is discussed. 97103570 Coal: clean and efficient energy Delobelle, J. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal WI. Fuel Syst., 1996, 21, 353-364. Coal utilization technologies for power generation and environmental protection are presented. Emphasis is placed on developments in France. The French industry is preparing to face the following challenges: (1) to maintain the existing power plants in good operation under severe conditions; (2) to be present on the foreign markets with up-to-date techniques; and (3) to be able to satisfy the needs of the local market by 2010 with their own techniques. 97103571 Competitiveness of the Kuzbass coal industry Krasil’nikov, B. V. et al. Ugol’ 1996, (ll), 48-52. (In Russian) The competitive position of coal production in specific parts of the Kuzbass Region was analysed via a recently-developed method in order to determine the allocation of investments for the restructuring of the Kuzbass coal industry. 97103572 Development of the coal-processing Ukraine Sklyar, M. G. and Starovoit, A. G. Koks Khim., 1997, Russian) This paper discusses the coal reserves and production, the and prospects for the coking industry, and prospects for coal Ukraine.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
industry (l),
2-9.
of (In
current status gasification in
September
1997
301
transit time, are calculated for the transport of coal in barges. The importance of bed compaction in enhancing the safety of the coal pile is thus confirmed. 97103559 Solving the problems of delivery and use of wet coal fines in the commercial marketplace by mulled coal technology Davis, B. E. and Jamison, P. R. Proc. Inl. Tech. Conf. Coal l/d. Fuel Syst., 1993,
18,245-25.5.
Wet fine coal (filter cake) is converted into a granular solid (mulled coal) with this technology. The mulled coal retains its original moisture, but handles, transports, and stores like dry fine coal. Spontaneous 97103560 hoppers; safety aspects Rautalin, A. and Wilon, C.
ignition
of coal in pressurized
Proc. Int. Tech. Co@
lock-
Solid fuels (economics,
business, marketing, policy)
dewatering and reconstitution of fine-cleaned-coal slurry at 300 lb per h in PETC Coal Preparation Process Research Facility is used. Fine-cleanedcoal slurry was treated with a bitumen emulsion before dewatering in a high-gravity solid-bowl centrifuge. The treated products appeared to be dry and in a free-flowing granular form, while the untreated products were wet, lumpy, sticky, and difficult to handle. Moisture content, handleability, and dust reduction of the dewatered coal product improved as the addition of emulsion increased from 2 to 8%. The moisture content was dramatically reduced (26-37% reduction) for the four different sizes of coals at 6 or 8% emulsion addition and the freezing problem was also alleviated.
Economics,
Business,
Marketing,
Policy
Coal Lhil. Fuel Syst.,
1995, 20, 109-120.
Some fuels, including coal, ignite spontaneously during storage, this risk increases if the temperature of the fuel is higher than normal at the start of storage, for example, due to drying or grinding processes. The temperature of self-ignition is reduced sharply by pressure rise. On the other hand, it can be increased by inertization. The ignition tendency depends on the shape of the store and, in particular, on the amount of the fuel. The tendency of coal to spontaneous ignition was studied with the pressurized dynamic research equipment in the Energy Production Technologies Unit of VTT Energy, Finland. Results of tests carried out with granular coal (Ds,, = 0.95 mm) and pulverized coal (55% ~200 mesh) at normal 1 bar pressure and 25 bar pressure are discussed. The measurement results were extrapolated to fullscale storage bins and can therefore be applied directly to practical cases. Self-ignition determinations were also carried out for different biofuels, like forest residue and straw. The results indicated that the coal ignited at much lower temperature than the wood fuels. The results obtained can be utilized in dimensioning fuel bins, in selecting and designing preventive safety systems, and in monitoring and controlling processes. 97103561 A study of pressure drop in a capillary tubeviscometel * for a two-phase flow Ohene, F. et al. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal Ml. Fuel Sysl., 1996, 21, 631643.
The pipeline transportation of highly concentrated suspensions such as coal-water slurries was analysed. They can exhibit several flow characteristics depending on the concentration and the physical parameters of the dispersed phase. Experiments were conducted for coal-water slurry flows in a series of horizontal capillary tubes of diameters 0.8, 1.5, and 3.0 mm and 100 mm in length, in order to investigate the effect of concentration, pressure drop, and the transitional Reynolds number from laminar to turbulent flow in a homogeneous slurry. The solid concentration was varied 15-63% in 0.1% xanthium gum solution. A HVA-6 capillary viscometer was used to measure pressure drop and volume flow. The Reynolds numbers obtained were found to be dependent on the slurry concentration and the viscosity of the slurry mixture, but unaffected by the capillary diameter. A technical and economic assessment of coal log 97103562 pipeline technology at electric power generating plants Wilson, J. W. and Ding, Y. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal Ml. Fuel Syst., 1993, 18, 759-770. Asphalt-bonded coal log pipeline technology at electrical power generating plants is assessed both technically and economically. 97103563 Theoretical and experimental considerations for coal log pipeline control systems-preliminary studies Nair, S. S. and Wu, J. Proc. Int. Tech. Conf. Coal CM. Fuel Syst., 1993, 18, 747-758.
Several issues relevant to the control design for coal log, and, in general, capsule pipeline systems are discussed. The complexity of such novel systems places greater demands on sensing, control hardware, and control strategy design compared to existing commercial pipeline systems. A smallscale demonstration unit of the entire coal log pipeline system was developed at University of Missouri to study the mechanical design and co-ordinated control and operation of its three subsystems: (I) the injection subsystem, (2) the booster pump subsystem, (3) the ejection subsystem. Careful mechanical and control design has resulted in very successful and reliable operation of the system for long periods of time in an automatic mode. The demonstration unit is used as a test bed to gain experience for the ongoing task of designing subsystems and associated control hardware and software for a large-scale coal log pipeline system. 97103564 Utilization of Orimulsion in the GranuFlow process for fine coal dewatering and handling Wen, W.-W. and Killmeyer, R. P. Proc. Int. Tech. Conf. Coal CM. Fuel Sysl., 1996, 21. 833-841. As water is involved in most advanced fine-coal cleaning processes, utility companies are concerned not only with the lower Btu content of the resulting wet, cleaned coal, but more importantly with its handleability problems. The utilization of fine-coal cleaning processes in the utility industry would be enhanced if solutions to these problems were to be found. This paper describes testing of the GranuFlow process, developed and patented by the Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) of the U.S. Department of Energy. A high-gravity solid bowl centrifuge for
97103565 Advanced technologies for power generation from coal Montes, M. and Otero, J. Ing. Quim., 1997, 29, (333), 107-113. (In Spanish) The authors review the present and discuss the future contribution of coal in the energy production, advanced technologies of electrical energy generation based on coal, including combustion of coal powder in fluidized bed and other technologies, coal gasification, environment effects, etc. An assessment of infrastructure needs and project 97103566 opportunities in the coal fired subsector of the former Soviet Bloc Republics Peterson, E. et al. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal CM. Fuel Syst.. 1994, 19, 161-167. The article reviews the current status and outlook of the thermal electricity infrastructure in the coal fired sub-sector of the former Soviet Bloc Republics. Capital project opportunities for US products and services are outlined. 97103567 Australian coal water mixture (CWM) plant development at Newcastle, NSW Dwyer, J. G. Proc. Int. Tech. Conf Coal Util. Fuel Sysr., 1994, 19, 35-38. The technical feasibility of a Newcastle (Australia) coal water mixture plant has been proved, but a more detailed study and application for the required government approval is planned. 97103566 Coal research in Poland. Current activities and future needs Machnikowski, J. Nippon Enerugi Gakkaishi, 1997, 76, (5), 398-404. The Polish economy relies on coal both as a major indigenous source of energy and an important raw material for chemical and carbon industries. The current situation and prospects in production and utilization of solid fossil fuels in Poland is reviewed. Principal research centres dealing with science and technology of coal and related materials are presented and some recent research activities in the field are summarized. Of particular concern are fundamental studies on the structure and properties of coal, metallurgical coke manufacture, clean coal technologies, coal liquefaction, and the use of coal and its derivatives as precursors of carbon materials. 97103569 Coal-fired power plant efficiency and its impact on CO2 emissions in the United States Armor, A. F. and Preston, G. T. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal Uril. Fuel Syst., 1996, 21, 51-61. The combustion optimization in coal-fired power plants and CO2 emissions from all fossil generation is discussed. 97103570 Coal: clean and efficient energy Delobelle, J. Proc. Inr. Tech. Conf. Coal WI. Fuel Syst., 1996, 21, 353-364. Coal utilization technologies for power generation and environmental protection are presented. Emphasis is placed on developments in France. The French industry is preparing to face the following challenges: (1) to maintain the existing power plants in good operation under severe conditions; (2) to be present on the foreign markets with up-to-date techniques; and (3) to be able to satisfy the needs of the local market by 2010 with their own techniques. 97103571 Competitiveness of the Kuzbass coal industry Krasil’nikov, B. V. et al. Ugol’ 1996, (ll), 48-52. (In Russian) The competitive position of coal production in specific parts of the Kuzbass Region was analysed via a recently-developed method in order to determine the allocation of investments for the restructuring of the Kuzbass coal industry. 97103572 Development of the coal-processing Ukraine Sklyar, M. G. and Starovoit, A. G. Koks Khim., 1997, Russian) This paper discusses the coal reserves and production, the and prospects for the coking industry, and prospects for coal Ukraine.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
industry (l),
2-9.
of (In
current status gasification in
September
1997
301