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00129 Laser degradation of coking coals
01
Solid fuels (derived solid fuels)
Development of bio-briquette and technology 98100118 transfer to developing countries Kamide, M. Eco Ind., 1997, 2, (7) 28-34. (In Japanese) Comprised of pulverized coal, biomass and lime as a desulfurizer if necessary, the bio-briquette, or bio-coal, represents a promising alternative for kerosene or firewood, of which excess uses are to be limited in view of conservation of natural resources and environment. After the manufacturits combustion characteristics are ing process is briefly described, stable and clean burning with much presented, including good ignition, less emission of smoke, SO, and NO,. The technological transfer of the biobriquette to developing countries is under development.
98100126 Improving of coking properties of coal blends with products of liquefaction of brown coal Malkova, V. V. ef al. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 2). 865-868. Coke organic additives were used with coal blends in an attempt to improve coke quality. The pyrolytic properties of coal compositions including low and high rank coals with additives of coal tar pitch, pitch-like product of hydrogenation isolated from the slurry produced in liquid-phase hydrogenation of brown coal, and petroleum cracking residues, were investigated in a comparative study. High-boiling residues from lignite liquefaction proved effective additives for coke improvement.
Effect of addition of boron carbide on the graphi98100119 tization and oxidation resistance of raw cokes Youm, H. N. et al. Yoop Hokhoechi, 1997, 34, (4). 413-419. (In Korean) Additions of O-25 wt% B4C to cokes were carried out to produce specimens that were subsequently sintered in Ar atmosphere at 2200°C. The effects of B4C content on graphitization and oxidation resistance of cokes were investigated. B4C accelerates the graphitization of cokes and at 2200°C the degree of graphitization increased from 0.33 which is the value of pure carbon to 0.56, which increased bulk density and porosity. Bending strength increased as the graphitization temperature increased. Oxidation resistance property was greatly improved when B4C was added at > 10 wt% at 800°C and at 220 wt% at 1000°C. A thin layer of BzOs glass phase on the surface of the composite was identified to increase the oxidation resistance.
The influence of microporosity on resistance and 98100127 carboxyreactivity of cokes Medek, J. and Weishauptova, Z. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 2), 777-780. Samples of metallurgical cokes from Ostrava-Karvina coking plants were used for correlation of the resistivity of the coke matter and carboxyreactivity of cokes with the value of microporosity. The correlation reveals that the characteristic values of the two mentioned quantities relate to the solid phase of all metallurgical cokes studied. The individual values of these quantities are caused by the different microporosity of the coke matter. The microporosity as a structure characteristic can be expressed quantitatively as the degree of solid phase dispersion.
Effect of pitch characteristics on plastic phase 98100120 formation during coal coking Alvarez, R. et al. DGMK Tagungsher., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 2) 857-860. Two coal-tar pitches of different coal origin were used in metallurgical coke production by incorporating them into a two-coal blend. Blachownia coaltar pitch and Ensidesa residual pitch were characterized by chemical composition, solvent analysis, extrographic fractionation, thermogravimetric analysis, ‘H NMR, the hydrogen transfer properties, and optical texture of coke. Blachownia pitch improves the coking properties of coal blend, i.e. caking and swelling abilities, dilatation, and fluidity whereas Ensidesa leads only to a fluidity development. This is reflected in different optical texture of the resultant cokes. During co-coking, both carbonization yield and hydrogen transfer properties are crucial for the coal plastic phase modification. Effect of reheating of blast-furnace coke on its 98lOO121 reactivity and structural strength by the Syskov method Machowska, H. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (11) 446-448. (In Polish) Measurements of coke reactivity and strength by the Syskov method of blast furnace coke heating at temperatures of 1000, 1200, 1400 and 1600°C were carried out. Environmentally acceptable binders for preparation 98100122 of household fuel from finely divided coal grades Vorob’ev, V. N. et al. Khim. Tverd. Topl., 1997, (2), 81-85. (In Russian) Binders manufactured from industrial wastes for briquetting of coal, semicoke, and coke were investigated. Briquettes having the properties desired could be produced by controlling adsorption of the binder on the surface of the carbonaceous materials. Fuel briquetes from cattle manure, coal powder and 98100123 agricultural biowaste Orosz, F. er al. Hung. Teljes HU 73,877 (Cl. ClOLS/40), 28 Ott 1996, Appl. 95/9,500,254, 27 Jan 1995, 8 pp. (In Hungarian) Cattle manure, coal powder, and agricultural biowaste are mixed to produce high-quality fuel briquettes. The mixture is compacted by a screw press, sliced in briquette specimens and dried. The heat capacity of the product is 4500-5000 kcal. The use of waste materials is beneficial in producing valuable, environmentally friendly fuel which contributes to the conservation of forests and other natural resources. Fuel manufacture from wastes and coal dust 98/00124 Bouska, P. Czech Rep. CZ 281,947 (Cl. ClOL9/10), 16 Apr 1997, Appl. 204, 16 Feb 1993, 7 pp. (In Czech) Liquid, semi-liquid, or pasty wastes were mixed with fine coal dust at a weight ratio of l:(O.S-2.0) preferably l:(l-1.3) to obtain a loose product. Ground limestone or lime is added to the product at an amount corresponding to its S content. The resulting fuel is suitable for combustion in boilers or for briquetting. How to recirculate the coke (cl0 mm) grain size in 98100125 coke oven charges Cadar, G. and Dinu, I. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 2) 861-864. Separation of coke breeze was carried out in a pilot plant by fluidized bed and pneumatic transport in grain sizes of < 2 mm and Z-10 mm. The coke fraction < 2 mm was ground in a ball mill to grains c 0.6 mm, which were added at a level of 6% to coal charges for coking to improve coke quality and yield.
Interactions between coals in blends during coking 98100128 ICCS ‘97, Sakurova, R. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings Volume 2) 849-852. Ranging between high- and low-volatile bituminous, 49 binary blends of 30 Australian coals were heated under Nz up to 560°C. During carbonization. the extent of their fusion was examined by proton magnetic thermal resonance analysis. In many cases the extent to which the blends fused was different to expected considering a linear dependence of the blend composition. This implied that the coals interacted during their carbonization. These differences increased with increasing differences in the rank between the coals comprising blend. The transfer of volatile material between the blend components was stated as the reason for this interaction.
Laser degradation of coking coals 98100129 Birjukov, J. V. cr al. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (12), 500-501. (In Polish) By measuring the ignition time and flame height of volatiles generated during coal decomposition induced by a laser beam. it is possible to determine the caking properties of coking coals. Manufacture method of coke 98lOO130 Fukada, K. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09,241,652 [97,241,652] (Cl. ClOBS7/04), 16 Sep 1997, Appl. 96/48,824, 6 Mar 1996, 4 pp. (In Japanese) Improved quality coke is fabricated with this method. The CSR comprises loading coarse particles of waste plastics at the bottom of the coking chamber and coal formulated with fine particles of waste plastics above the coarse particles, and coking.
Manufacture method of coke 98/00131 Yokoyama, T. ef al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09,268,291 [97,268,291] (Cl. ClOBS7/00), 14 Ott 1997, Appl 96179,096, 1 Apr 1996, 4 pp. (In Japanese) A coke manufacture method by chamber-type coke oven is described. It comprises loading raw coal from the machine side and from the coke side, which the raw coal from the machine side having high-strength coke layer produced than that loaded from the coke side. The resistance of extrusion ram during coke discharge is reduced by this method and operation efficiency is improved.
98100132 Manufacture of blast-furnace coke Sasaki, M. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09,2,651 [97,241,651] (Cl. CIOBS7/ 04), 16 Sep 1997, Appl. 96154,362, 12 Mar 1996, 4 pp. (In Japanese) A blast-furnace coke manufacturing method from low-rank coal comprises coking a coal blend. The components of the blend are detailed.
Manufacture of fuel briquets from powdered coal 98lOOf 33 and wood wastes Gomzar, I. M. and Nezametdinov, A. B. Russ. RU 2,073,066 (Cl. ClOLS/ 14) 10 Feb 1997, Appl. 93,003,379, 19 Jan 1993. From Izobrereniya 1997, (4), 214. (In Russian) Mass balance of coking in a plant using dry 98iOOl34 quenching of coke Karcz, A. et al. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (1 l), 448-454. (In Polish) The mass balance is calculated for the Przyjazn coking plant (Poland) which uses dry quenching of coke.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 1998
11
Solid fuels (derived solid fuels)
Development of bio-briquette and technology 98100118 transfer to developing countries Kamide, M. Eco Ind., 1997, 2, (7) 28-34. (In Japanese) Comprised of pulverized coal, biomass and lime as a desulfurizer if necessary, the bio-briquette, or bio-coal, represents a promising alternative for kerosene or firewood, of which excess uses are to be limited in view of conservation of natural resources and environment. After the manufacturits combustion characteristics are ing process is briefly described, stable and clean burning with much presented, including good ignition, less emission of smoke, SO, and NO,. The technological transfer of the biobriquette to developing countries is under development.
98100126 Improving of coking properties of coal blends with products of liquefaction of brown coal Malkova, V. V. ef al. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 2). 865-868. Coke organic additives were used with coal blends in an attempt to improve coke quality. The pyrolytic properties of coal compositions including low and high rank coals with additives of coal tar pitch, pitch-like product of hydrogenation isolated from the slurry produced in liquid-phase hydrogenation of brown coal, and petroleum cracking residues, were investigated in a comparative study. High-boiling residues from lignite liquefaction proved effective additives for coke improvement.
Effect of addition of boron carbide on the graphi98100119 tization and oxidation resistance of raw cokes Youm, H. N. et al. Yoop Hokhoechi, 1997, 34, (4). 413-419. (In Korean) Additions of O-25 wt% B4C to cokes were carried out to produce specimens that were subsequently sintered in Ar atmosphere at 2200°C. The effects of B4C content on graphitization and oxidation resistance of cokes were investigated. B4C accelerates the graphitization of cokes and at 2200°C the degree of graphitization increased from 0.33 which is the value of pure carbon to 0.56, which increased bulk density and porosity. Bending strength increased as the graphitization temperature increased. Oxidation resistance property was greatly improved when B4C was added at > 10 wt% at 800°C and at 220 wt% at 1000°C. A thin layer of BzOs glass phase on the surface of the composite was identified to increase the oxidation resistance.
The influence of microporosity on resistance and 98100127 carboxyreactivity of cokes Medek, J. and Weishauptova, Z. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 2), 777-780. Samples of metallurgical cokes from Ostrava-Karvina coking plants were used for correlation of the resistivity of the coke matter and carboxyreactivity of cokes with the value of microporosity. The correlation reveals that the characteristic values of the two mentioned quantities relate to the solid phase of all metallurgical cokes studied. The individual values of these quantities are caused by the different microporosity of the coke matter. The microporosity as a structure characteristic can be expressed quantitatively as the degree of solid phase dispersion.
Effect of pitch characteristics on plastic phase 98100120 formation during coal coking Alvarez, R. et al. DGMK Tagungsher., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 2) 857-860. Two coal-tar pitches of different coal origin were used in metallurgical coke production by incorporating them into a two-coal blend. Blachownia coaltar pitch and Ensidesa residual pitch were characterized by chemical composition, solvent analysis, extrographic fractionation, thermogravimetric analysis, ‘H NMR, the hydrogen transfer properties, and optical texture of coke. Blachownia pitch improves the coking properties of coal blend, i.e. caking and swelling abilities, dilatation, and fluidity whereas Ensidesa leads only to a fluidity development. This is reflected in different optical texture of the resultant cokes. During co-coking, both carbonization yield and hydrogen transfer properties are crucial for the coal plastic phase modification. Effect of reheating of blast-furnace coke on its 98lOO121 reactivity and structural strength by the Syskov method Machowska, H. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (11) 446-448. (In Polish) Measurements of coke reactivity and strength by the Syskov method of blast furnace coke heating at temperatures of 1000, 1200, 1400 and 1600°C were carried out. Environmentally acceptable binders for preparation 98100122 of household fuel from finely divided coal grades Vorob’ev, V. N. et al. Khim. Tverd. Topl., 1997, (2), 81-85. (In Russian) Binders manufactured from industrial wastes for briquetting of coal, semicoke, and coke were investigated. Briquettes having the properties desired could be produced by controlling adsorption of the binder on the surface of the carbonaceous materials. Fuel briquetes from cattle manure, coal powder and 98100123 agricultural biowaste Orosz, F. er al. Hung. Teljes HU 73,877 (Cl. ClOLS/40), 28 Ott 1996, Appl. 95/9,500,254, 27 Jan 1995, 8 pp. (In Hungarian) Cattle manure, coal powder, and agricultural biowaste are mixed to produce high-quality fuel briquettes. The mixture is compacted by a screw press, sliced in briquette specimens and dried. The heat capacity of the product is 4500-5000 kcal. The use of waste materials is beneficial in producing valuable, environmentally friendly fuel which contributes to the conservation of forests and other natural resources. Fuel manufacture from wastes and coal dust 98/00124 Bouska, P. Czech Rep. CZ 281,947 (Cl. ClOL9/10), 16 Apr 1997, Appl. 204, 16 Feb 1993, 7 pp. (In Czech) Liquid, semi-liquid, or pasty wastes were mixed with fine coal dust at a weight ratio of l:(O.S-2.0) preferably l:(l-1.3) to obtain a loose product. Ground limestone or lime is added to the product at an amount corresponding to its S content. The resulting fuel is suitable for combustion in boilers or for briquetting. How to recirculate the coke (cl0 mm) grain size in 98100125 coke oven charges Cadar, G. and Dinu, I. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 2) 861-864. Separation of coke breeze was carried out in a pilot plant by fluidized bed and pneumatic transport in grain sizes of < 2 mm and Z-10 mm. The coke fraction < 2 mm was ground in a ball mill to grains c 0.6 mm, which were added at a level of 6% to coal charges for coking to improve coke quality and yield.
Interactions between coals in blends during coking 98100128 ICCS ‘97, Sakurova, R. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9703, (Proceedings Volume 2) 849-852. Ranging between high- and low-volatile bituminous, 49 binary blends of 30 Australian coals were heated under Nz up to 560°C. During carbonization. the extent of their fusion was examined by proton magnetic thermal resonance analysis. In many cases the extent to which the blends fused was different to expected considering a linear dependence of the blend composition. This implied that the coals interacted during their carbonization. These differences increased with increasing differences in the rank between the coals comprising blend. The transfer of volatile material between the blend components was stated as the reason for this interaction.
Laser degradation of coking coals 98100129 Birjukov, J. V. cr al. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (12), 500-501. (In Polish) By measuring the ignition time and flame height of volatiles generated during coal decomposition induced by a laser beam. it is possible to determine the caking properties of coking coals. Manufacture method of coke 98lOO130 Fukada, K. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09,241,652 [97,241,652] (Cl. ClOBS7/04), 16 Sep 1997, Appl. 96/48,824, 6 Mar 1996, 4 pp. (In Japanese) Improved quality coke is fabricated with this method. The CSR comprises loading coarse particles of waste plastics at the bottom of the coking chamber and coal formulated with fine particles of waste plastics above the coarse particles, and coking.
Manufacture method of coke 98/00131 Yokoyama, T. ef al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09,268,291 [97,268,291] (Cl. ClOBS7/00), 14 Ott 1997, Appl 96179,096, 1 Apr 1996, 4 pp. (In Japanese) A coke manufacture method by chamber-type coke oven is described. It comprises loading raw coal from the machine side and from the coke side, which the raw coal from the machine side having high-strength coke layer produced than that loaded from the coke side. The resistance of extrusion ram during coke discharge is reduced by this method and operation efficiency is improved.
98100132 Manufacture of blast-furnace coke Sasaki, M. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09,2,651 [97,241,651] (Cl. CIOBS7/ 04), 16 Sep 1997, Appl. 96154,362, 12 Mar 1996, 4 pp. (In Japanese) A blast-furnace coke manufacturing method from low-rank coal comprises coking a coal blend. The components of the blend are detailed.
Manufacture of fuel briquets from powdered coal 98lOOf 33 and wood wastes Gomzar, I. M. and Nezametdinov, A. B. Russ. RU 2,073,066 (Cl. ClOLS/ 14) 10 Feb 1997, Appl. 93,003,379, 19 Jan 1993. From Izobrereniya 1997, (4), 214. (In Russian) Mass balance of coking in a plant using dry 98iOOl34 quenching of coke Karcz, A. et al. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (1 l), 448-454. (In Polish) The mass balance is calculated for the Przyjazn coking plant (Poland) which uses dry quenching of coke.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 1998
11