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02566 Differential pulse polarographic determination of uranium (VI) in standard and synthetic samples after adsorption of its quinolin-8-olate on microcrystalline naphthalene
05 Nuclear fuels (scientific, technical) 99102558
Solldlficatlon
of coal ash with water-soluble
polymer
05
Shirane, N. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 296,207 [98 296,207], (Cl. B09B3/00), 10 Nov 1998, Appl. 97/111,490,28 Apr 1997,6 pp. (In Japanese) A method of manufacturing solidified granules used for construction material from coal ash is described. The coal ash is mixed with a watersoluble polymer which has a repeating unit of free acid and water. Then it is optionally mixed with a hydraulic material, granulated and solidified.
Strength gain of buildlng materials with added fly ash and silica fume
99102559
Temiz, H. and Tugal, M. Cimento Berm Dunyasi, 1998, 2, (12), 25-32. (In Turkish) An investigation of some of the properties of the paste and mortar cement, produced with the replacement of two fly ashes with high/low calcium content and silica fume. Incorporating up to 40% fly ashes results in an increase in setting time and decrease in early age strength, while at the later ages some properties have approached and even surpassed reference sample strength. Adding up to 8% silica fume, however, resulted in a decrease in setting time and significant increase in compressive strength.
NUCLEAR
FUELS
Scientific, Technical 99lO2584
CASKET: a computer code system for thermal and structural analyses of radioactive material transport and/or storage casks
Ikushima, T. JAERI-Data/Code, 1998, (98-018), i-vi, l-109. A computer code system, CASKET (CASK thermal and structural analyses and Evaluation code system) was developed for thermal and structural analyses regarding radioactive material transport and/or storage cask designs. This is intended to evaluate maximum acceleration and deformation of the spent fuel transport cask bodies in the case of drop impact. 99102585 A comment on runaway particles Doming, J. Progr. Nucl. Energy, 1999, 34, (4), 507-513. The subject of runaway particles is explored.
99102580
Sulfur-bearlng coatings on fly ash from a coalfiredpower plant: composltion, origin, and influence on ash alteration
Fishman, N. S. et al. Fuel, 78, (2). 187-196. Fly ash samples collected from two locations in the exhaust stream of a coal-fired power plant differ markedly with respect to the abundance of thin (approximately 0.1 ILrn) sulfur-rich surface coatings that are observable by scanning electron microscopy. The coatings, tentatively identified as an aluminum-potassium-sulfate phase, probably form upon reaction between condensed sulfuric acid aerosols and glass surfaces, and are preferentially concentrated on ash exposed to exhaust stream gases for longer. The coatings are highly soluble and if sufficiently abundant, can impart an acidic pH to solutions initially in contact with ash. These observations suggest that proposals for ash use and predictions of ash behaviour during disposal should consider the transient, acid-generating potential of some ash fractions and the possible effects on initial ash leachability and alteration. 99102581
Synthesis and study of the hcp phase of buckmin-
sterfullerene Arkhangelskii, I. V. et al. Proc. - Electrochem. Sot., 1998, 98-8, (Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Physics of Fullerenes and Related Materials), 484-492. Electrochemical Society Synthesis of the hcp. phase of the fullerite C60 was achieved through heat treatment of samples obtained via cryosynthesis and precipitation from solutions. The hcp phase was then studied using XRD, DSC, TGA, and NMR.
Towards maximising the use of fly ash as a binder 99102582 McCarthy, M. J. and Dhir, R. K. Fuel, 78, (2), 121-132. This paper is concerned with the use of fly ash as a binder and concentrates on its use in this role in concrete. It considers how fly ash utilization has developed in the UK and Europe over the last 30 years and demonstrates that, as with other countries world-wide, it is still under used. From this, methods to further extend the material’s use are examined. This is based around existing limitations in national standards, modifying concrete mix and through developments in binder constituents and proportions, compositions. It is illustrated that the use of coarse, high LO1 and conditioned fly ash as a binder is feasible and this should provide opportunities for substantial increases in use. In addition, effective use of other concrete constituent materials, including suitable Portland cements and admixtures, can enable more to be obtained from fly ash, as can refined methods of mix proportioning. It is demonstrated that fly ash has a role to play in the development of high performance concretes through the use of multi-binder combinations. Coverage is also given to the role of postproduction processing in ensuring fly ash suitability as a binder. It is shown that in other construction applications where cementitious binders are required, such as grouting and masonry, fly ash can be used and will give similar or improved properties compared to neat Portland cement binders. 99102583
Ultrasonic conditioning and wet scrubbing of fly
ash Minkara, R. Y. and Heavilon, J. L. U.S. US 5,840,179, (Cl. 209-166, B03D1/02). 24 Nov 1998, APPI. 40,515, 17 Mar 1998, 13 PP. A numberof processes for treating fly ash to enhance it as a pozzolan for portland cement mixes and separate a substantial carbon compound and/or to increase the fineness of the fly ash are discussed. These include the treatment of a fly ash slurry with ultrasonic energy using ultrasonic horns immersed in a slurry of fly ash and water. Ultrasonic energy is imparted to the slurry, causing microscopic cavities to form and implode with high localized energy. This breaks up fly ash agglomerations along cleavage lines and breaks up carbon particles and matrixes which have entrapped fly ash microspheres, releasing the microspheres into the slurry. A conditioner agent may be added at or during ultrasonic treatment to enhance the flotation of the carbon compound.
288
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
July 1999
99102588 Differential pulse polarographic determlnation of uranium (VI) in standard and synthetic samples after adsorption of its qulnolin-8-olate on microcrystalline naphthalene Dubey, R. K. er al. Ann. Chim. (Rome), 1998, 88, (9-lo), 719-729. The reaction between uranium (VI) and quinolin-8-01 forms a coloured water insoluble complex which is quantitatively adsorbed on microcrystalline naphthalene in the pH range 4.5-8.5. After desorption of the metal complex with 15 ml of 2 M HCI it is determined by differential-pulse polarography. (DPP). The detection limit is 0.2 ppm at the minimum instrumental settings (signal-to-noise ratio is two). Linearity is maintained in the concentration range 5-300 pg of uranium in 15 ml of the final HCI solution with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996 and a relative standard deviation of 1.1%. A variety of factors, including the effect of pH, reagent and naphthalene concentrations, volume of square phase and interference of large numbers of anions and cations on the determination uranium were evaluated in detail in order to achieve optimum conditions to determine the solution in a standard alloy, a standard coal fly ash, synthetic samples corresponding to ores and alloys and waste water samples from various sources. The method presented is highly selective, fairly sensitive, simple, rapid and economical and can be used to determine uranium in a number of complex materials such as biological samples.
Generalized entropy and temperature in nuclear multifragmentation
99102587
Atalmi, A. et al. Physical Rev. C: Nucl. Physical, 1998, 58, (4), 2238-2248. The time evolution of the ‘coarse-grained’ generalized entropy (GE) was studied in the framework of a two-dimensional Vlasov model in a nuclear system which undergoes a multifragmentation (MF) phase transition. The GE was examined both for the gas and the fragments (surface and bulk part, respectively), and it was discovered that the formation of the surface causes the growth of the GE during the process of fragmentation. This quantity then characterizes the MF and confirms the importance of deterministic chaos in filling the new available phase space. As it is at variance with the exact time evolution, no entropy change is found when the linear response is applied. Data concerning the final temperatures of the fragments was obtained using numerical simulations. Further, by fitting the momentum distribution with a Fermi-Dirac function the temperature of the fragments at the end of the process could be recorded. The gas temperature was also calculated, using the average over the available phase space. The latter is considerably larger than the former, which suggests that the gas is not in equilibrium. Despite the schematic nature of the model, this seems to be a very general truth. It forms a possible explanation for the discrepancy that exists in experimental data when the slope of light particles spectra is used to extract the nuclear caloric curve instead of the double ratio of isotope yields method.
Large deflection Rutherford scattering
99102588
beam transport with screened
Pomraning, G. C. Progr. Nucl. Energv, 1999, 34, (4), 377-386. The steady-state monoenergetic searchlight problem involving screened Rutherford scattering is discussed. A recently reported formalism is modified to improve upon its accuracy for large beam deflections. Comparisons with bench-mark Monte Carlo calculations demonstrate the improved accuracy of this modified formalism.
The linear Boltxmann equation in optically thick systems with forward-peaked scattering
99lO2589
Larsen, E. W. Progr. Nucl. Energy, 1999, 34, (4) 413-423. The monoenergetic linear Boltzmann equation is approximated asymptotically in the limit as (i) the mean free path tends to zero, (ii) the mean scattering cosine tends to unity, and (iii) the transport cross section is held constant. Two differential scattering kernels, the Henyey-Greenstein and screened Rutherford kernels, are treated in this limit. In both cases, the leading and first-order terms in the approximations are described by the usual Fokker Planck operator and pseudodifferential operators that can be
Solldlficatlon
of coal ash with water-soluble
polymer
05
Shirane, N. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 296,207 [98 296,207], (Cl. B09B3/00), 10 Nov 1998, Appl. 97/111,490,28 Apr 1997,6 pp. (In Japanese) A method of manufacturing solidified granules used for construction material from coal ash is described. The coal ash is mixed with a watersoluble polymer which has a repeating unit of free acid and water. Then it is optionally mixed with a hydraulic material, granulated and solidified.
Strength gain of buildlng materials with added fly ash and silica fume
99102559
Temiz, H. and Tugal, M. Cimento Berm Dunyasi, 1998, 2, (12), 25-32. (In Turkish) An investigation of some of the properties of the paste and mortar cement, produced with the replacement of two fly ashes with high/low calcium content and silica fume. Incorporating up to 40% fly ashes results in an increase in setting time and decrease in early age strength, while at the later ages some properties have approached and even surpassed reference sample strength. Adding up to 8% silica fume, however, resulted in a decrease in setting time and significant increase in compressive strength.
NUCLEAR
FUELS
Scientific, Technical 99lO2584
CASKET: a computer code system for thermal and structural analyses of radioactive material transport and/or storage casks
Ikushima, T. JAERI-Data/Code, 1998, (98-018), i-vi, l-109. A computer code system, CASKET (CASK thermal and structural analyses and Evaluation code system) was developed for thermal and structural analyses regarding radioactive material transport and/or storage cask designs. This is intended to evaluate maximum acceleration and deformation of the spent fuel transport cask bodies in the case of drop impact. 99102585 A comment on runaway particles Doming, J. Progr. Nucl. Energy, 1999, 34, (4), 507-513. The subject of runaway particles is explored.
99102580
Sulfur-bearlng coatings on fly ash from a coalfiredpower plant: composltion, origin, and influence on ash alteration
Fishman, N. S. et al. Fuel, 78, (2). 187-196. Fly ash samples collected from two locations in the exhaust stream of a coal-fired power plant differ markedly with respect to the abundance of thin (approximately 0.1 ILrn) sulfur-rich surface coatings that are observable by scanning electron microscopy. The coatings, tentatively identified as an aluminum-potassium-sulfate phase, probably form upon reaction between condensed sulfuric acid aerosols and glass surfaces, and are preferentially concentrated on ash exposed to exhaust stream gases for longer. The coatings are highly soluble and if sufficiently abundant, can impart an acidic pH to solutions initially in contact with ash. These observations suggest that proposals for ash use and predictions of ash behaviour during disposal should consider the transient, acid-generating potential of some ash fractions and the possible effects on initial ash leachability and alteration. 99102581
Synthesis and study of the hcp phase of buckmin-
sterfullerene Arkhangelskii, I. V. et al. Proc. - Electrochem. Sot., 1998, 98-8, (Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Physics of Fullerenes and Related Materials), 484-492. Electrochemical Society Synthesis of the hcp. phase of the fullerite C60 was achieved through heat treatment of samples obtained via cryosynthesis and precipitation from solutions. The hcp phase was then studied using XRD, DSC, TGA, and NMR.
Towards maximising the use of fly ash as a binder 99102582 McCarthy, M. J. and Dhir, R. K. Fuel, 78, (2), 121-132. This paper is concerned with the use of fly ash as a binder and concentrates on its use in this role in concrete. It considers how fly ash utilization has developed in the UK and Europe over the last 30 years and demonstrates that, as with other countries world-wide, it is still under used. From this, methods to further extend the material’s use are examined. This is based around existing limitations in national standards, modifying concrete mix and through developments in binder constituents and proportions, compositions. It is illustrated that the use of coarse, high LO1 and conditioned fly ash as a binder is feasible and this should provide opportunities for substantial increases in use. In addition, effective use of other concrete constituent materials, including suitable Portland cements and admixtures, can enable more to be obtained from fly ash, as can refined methods of mix proportioning. It is demonstrated that fly ash has a role to play in the development of high performance concretes through the use of multi-binder combinations. Coverage is also given to the role of postproduction processing in ensuring fly ash suitability as a binder. It is shown that in other construction applications where cementitious binders are required, such as grouting and masonry, fly ash can be used and will give similar or improved properties compared to neat Portland cement binders. 99102583
Ultrasonic conditioning and wet scrubbing of fly
ash Minkara, R. Y. and Heavilon, J. L. U.S. US 5,840,179, (Cl. 209-166, B03D1/02). 24 Nov 1998, APPI. 40,515, 17 Mar 1998, 13 PP. A numberof processes for treating fly ash to enhance it as a pozzolan for portland cement mixes and separate a substantial carbon compound and/or to increase the fineness of the fly ash are discussed. These include the treatment of a fly ash slurry with ultrasonic energy using ultrasonic horns immersed in a slurry of fly ash and water. Ultrasonic energy is imparted to the slurry, causing microscopic cavities to form and implode with high localized energy. This breaks up fly ash agglomerations along cleavage lines and breaks up carbon particles and matrixes which have entrapped fly ash microspheres, releasing the microspheres into the slurry. A conditioner agent may be added at or during ultrasonic treatment to enhance the flotation of the carbon compound.
288
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
July 1999
99102588 Differential pulse polarographic determlnation of uranium (VI) in standard and synthetic samples after adsorption of its qulnolin-8-olate on microcrystalline naphthalene Dubey, R. K. er al. Ann. Chim. (Rome), 1998, 88, (9-lo), 719-729. The reaction between uranium (VI) and quinolin-8-01 forms a coloured water insoluble complex which is quantitatively adsorbed on microcrystalline naphthalene in the pH range 4.5-8.5. After desorption of the metal complex with 15 ml of 2 M HCI it is determined by differential-pulse polarography. (DPP). The detection limit is 0.2 ppm at the minimum instrumental settings (signal-to-noise ratio is two). Linearity is maintained in the concentration range 5-300 pg of uranium in 15 ml of the final HCI solution with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996 and a relative standard deviation of 1.1%. A variety of factors, including the effect of pH, reagent and naphthalene concentrations, volume of square phase and interference of large numbers of anions and cations on the determination uranium were evaluated in detail in order to achieve optimum conditions to determine the solution in a standard alloy, a standard coal fly ash, synthetic samples corresponding to ores and alloys and waste water samples from various sources. The method presented is highly selective, fairly sensitive, simple, rapid and economical and can be used to determine uranium in a number of complex materials such as biological samples.
Generalized entropy and temperature in nuclear multifragmentation
99102587
Atalmi, A. et al. Physical Rev. C: Nucl. Physical, 1998, 58, (4), 2238-2248. The time evolution of the ‘coarse-grained’ generalized entropy (GE) was studied in the framework of a two-dimensional Vlasov model in a nuclear system which undergoes a multifragmentation (MF) phase transition. The GE was examined both for the gas and the fragments (surface and bulk part, respectively), and it was discovered that the formation of the surface causes the growth of the GE during the process of fragmentation. This quantity then characterizes the MF and confirms the importance of deterministic chaos in filling the new available phase space. As it is at variance with the exact time evolution, no entropy change is found when the linear response is applied. Data concerning the final temperatures of the fragments was obtained using numerical simulations. Further, by fitting the momentum distribution with a Fermi-Dirac function the temperature of the fragments at the end of the process could be recorded. The gas temperature was also calculated, using the average over the available phase space. The latter is considerably larger than the former, which suggests that the gas is not in equilibrium. Despite the schematic nature of the model, this seems to be a very general truth. It forms a possible explanation for the discrepancy that exists in experimental data when the slope of light particles spectra is used to extract the nuclear caloric curve instead of the double ratio of isotope yields method.
Large deflection Rutherford scattering
99102588
beam transport with screened
Pomraning, G. C. Progr. Nucl. Energv, 1999, 34, (4), 377-386. The steady-state monoenergetic searchlight problem involving screened Rutherford scattering is discussed. A recently reported formalism is modified to improve upon its accuracy for large beam deflections. Comparisons with bench-mark Monte Carlo calculations demonstrate the improved accuracy of this modified formalism.
The linear Boltxmann equation in optically thick systems with forward-peaked scattering
99lO2589
Larsen, E. W. Progr. Nucl. Energy, 1999, 34, (4) 413-423. The monoenergetic linear Boltzmann equation is approximated asymptotically in the limit as (i) the mean free path tends to zero, (ii) the mean scattering cosine tends to unity, and (iii) the transport cross section is held constant. Two differential scattering kernels, the Henyey-Greenstein and screened Rutherford kernels, are treated in this limit. In both cases, the leading and first-order terms in the approximations are described by the usual Fokker Planck operator and pseudodifferential operators that can be