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A gold bullet to treat obesity related metabolic disorders
Annual Scientific Meeting 111
73
Jane P.M. Ng 1,∗ , Hui Chen 1,2 , Michael Cortie 3 , Bruce K. Milthorpe 1,2 , Stella M. Valenzuela 1,3,2
Conclusion: AuNPs treatment in HFD-fed mice prevented their development of glucose intolerance with improved fat metabolism and reduced inflammation in both the fat and liver. Our results therefore support the potential development of AuNPs as a new therapeutic strategy for obesity related metabolic disorders.
1 School
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.133
A gold bullet to treat obesity related metabolic disorders
of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia 2 Centre for Health Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia 3 Institute of Nanoscale Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia Objectives: Obesity is associated with chronic low grade inflammation. Adipose resident macrophages (ATMs) in obese individuals are known to produce increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. We have previously shown that intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 20—30 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in lean mice can induce significant fat loss along with reduced adiposetissue-derived, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)␣ mRNA expression without a concomitant change in ATM number. This study aimed to investigate whether AuNPs also reduce fat mass and metabolic disorders in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Method: Male C57BL/6 mice (6 weeks) were fed a HFD with/without daily IP injection of AuNPs (LAu 0.785 g/g/d, HAu 7.85 g/g/d) for 9 weeks. Control group was fed standard chow with vehicle injection. IP-glucose tolerance test (IP-GTT) was performed a week before the endpoint. mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fat metabolic markers were determined in retroperitoneal fat and liver using real-time PCR. Results: At the end point, body weight was similar between AuNP-treated and non-treated HFD-fed mice, but adiposity and liver weight were reduced by AuNP treatment. Blood glucose levels during IPGTT were significantly lower in AuNP-treated mice compared to the non-treated HFD-fed group. In addition, AuNP treatment improved plasma free fatty acid, triglyceride and cholesterol levels in HFD-fed mice. In the fat tissue, mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory markers was significantly reduced by AuNP treatment, including TNF␣. In the liver, AuNP treatment downregulated inflammatory markers and improved lipid metabolic markers. Interestingly, liver mRNA expression of glucose transporter-4 was upregulated by AuNP treatment.
235 The association between obesity and excessive daytime sleepiness in Australian workers Winda Ng 1,2,∗ , Rosanne Freak-Poli 1,2,3 , Anna Peeters 1,2 1 Obesity
and Population Health Unit, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, melbourne, VIC, Australia 2 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, melbourne, VIC, Australia 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Introduction: Obesity has a wide range of negative health effects [1]. We aimed to assess whether obesity is also associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), a predictor of high mortality and morbidity [2,3]. Methods: 707 participants of the Global Corporate Challenge® Evaluation Study [4,5], an evaluation of a four-month workplace pedometer program in Melbourne, Australia, were assessed for EDS using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The ESS score ranges from 0 to 24, with higher score reflecting higher level of daytime sleepiness, and EDS categorised as ESS score > 10. The association between obesity and EDS was analysed using multiple linear and logistic regression models, with each of the model adjusted for workplace clustering effects and potentially relevant co-factors such as demographics, diet, behavioural, psychosocial, anthropometric and biomedical factors. Results: In this study population of Australian employees with mixed occupations (mean age 40.2 ± 10.4 years, 40.0% males, mean BMI 26.7 ± 4.8 kg/m2 ) the prevalence of EDS was 16.0%. In the multiple linear regression model, study participants who were overweight (38.3%) and obese (19.7%) were found to have significantly higher (worse) ESS scores (overweight: +0.84 (95%CI: 0.07—1.61 unit), obese: +1.13 (95%CI: 0.12—2.14 unit)) than those with normal weight. In the mul-
73
Jane P.M. Ng 1,∗ , Hui Chen 1,2 , Michael Cortie 3 , Bruce K. Milthorpe 1,2 , Stella M. Valenzuela 1,3,2
Conclusion: AuNPs treatment in HFD-fed mice prevented their development of glucose intolerance with improved fat metabolism and reduced inflammation in both the fat and liver. Our results therefore support the potential development of AuNPs as a new therapeutic strategy for obesity related metabolic disorders.
1 School
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2014.10.133
A gold bullet to treat obesity related metabolic disorders
of Medical and Molecular Biosciences, Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia 2 Centre for Health Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia 3 Institute of Nanoscale Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia Objectives: Obesity is associated with chronic low grade inflammation. Adipose resident macrophages (ATMs) in obese individuals are known to produce increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. We have previously shown that intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 20—30 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in lean mice can induce significant fat loss along with reduced adiposetissue-derived, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)␣ mRNA expression without a concomitant change in ATM number. This study aimed to investigate whether AuNPs also reduce fat mass and metabolic disorders in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Method: Male C57BL/6 mice (6 weeks) were fed a HFD with/without daily IP injection of AuNPs (LAu 0.785 g/g/d, HAu 7.85 g/g/d) for 9 weeks. Control group was fed standard chow with vehicle injection. IP-glucose tolerance test (IP-GTT) was performed a week before the endpoint. mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fat metabolic markers were determined in retroperitoneal fat and liver using real-time PCR. Results: At the end point, body weight was similar between AuNP-treated and non-treated HFD-fed mice, but adiposity and liver weight were reduced by AuNP treatment. Blood glucose levels during IPGTT were significantly lower in AuNP-treated mice compared to the non-treated HFD-fed group. In addition, AuNP treatment improved plasma free fatty acid, triglyceride and cholesterol levels in HFD-fed mice. In the fat tissue, mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory markers was significantly reduced by AuNP treatment, including TNF␣. In the liver, AuNP treatment downregulated inflammatory markers and improved lipid metabolic markers. Interestingly, liver mRNA expression of glucose transporter-4 was upregulated by AuNP treatment.
235 The association between obesity and excessive daytime sleepiness in Australian workers Winda Ng 1,2,∗ , Rosanne Freak-Poli 1,2,3 , Anna Peeters 1,2 1 Obesity
and Population Health Unit, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, melbourne, VIC, Australia 2 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, melbourne, VIC, Australia 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Introduction: Obesity has a wide range of negative health effects [1]. We aimed to assess whether obesity is also associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), a predictor of high mortality and morbidity [2,3]. Methods: 707 participants of the Global Corporate Challenge® Evaluation Study [4,5], an evaluation of a four-month workplace pedometer program in Melbourne, Australia, were assessed for EDS using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The ESS score ranges from 0 to 24, with higher score reflecting higher level of daytime sleepiness, and EDS categorised as ESS score > 10. The association between obesity and EDS was analysed using multiple linear and logistic regression models, with each of the model adjusted for workplace clustering effects and potentially relevant co-factors such as demographics, diet, behavioural, psychosocial, anthropometric and biomedical factors. Results: In this study population of Australian employees with mixed occupations (mean age 40.2 ± 10.4 years, 40.0% males, mean BMI 26.7 ± 4.8 kg/m2 ) the prevalence of EDS was 16.0%. In the multiple linear regression model, study participants who were overweight (38.3%) and obese (19.7%) were found to have significantly higher (worse) ESS scores (overweight: +0.84 (95%CI: 0.07—1.61 unit), obese: +1.13 (95%CI: 0.12—2.14 unit)) than those with normal weight. In the mul-