A modeling method for synthetical scene based on the electromagnetic model

ScienceDirect ScienceDirect Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000

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Procedia Computer Science 147 (2019) 499–503

2018 International Conferenceon Identification, Information and Knowledge in the Internet of Things, IIKI 2018 2018 International Conferenceon Identification, Information and Knowledge in the Internet of Things, IIKI 2018

A modeling method for synthetical scene based on the electromagnetic model A modeling method for synthetical scene based on the electromagnetic model b Zhao Taoa,b,* ,Wan Baoquan , Chen Xuana , Dong Chunzhua , Yin Hongchenga Science and Technology on Electromagnetic Scattering Laboratory,Beijing, 100854，P.R. China

a

b Grid Environmental State Key Laboratory of Power 430074a，,P.R. China Zhao Taoa,b,* ,Wan Baoquan , Chen Xuana ,Protection Dong Wuhan, Chunzhu Yin Hongchenga b

Science and Technology on Electromagnetic Scattering Laboratory,Beijing, 100854，P.R. China b State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection Wuhan, 430074，P.R. China

a

Abstract

Abstract Aiming at the demand of the detection and recognition of the typical scene and the key condition for the radar, a

modeling method for synthetical scene based on the electromagnetic model is proposed. Firstly, based on the target Aiming at the demand of the detection recognition of the typical scene and condition for the radar, a of group-varying parameters of the targets,and including the position and gesture, andthe thekey geometry material modeling modeling for synthetical geometry scene based on the electromagnetic model proposed. Firstly, based onmethod the target targets by method the three-dimensional transform method. More, use the is electromagnetic calculation to group-varying parametersand of the targets, electromagnetic including the position and characteristic gesture, and the material acquire the narrow-band wide-band scattering of geometry the complex scene,modeling includingof targets the three-dimensional geometry transform method. use group the electromagnetic calculation method(PO), to specularbyreflection, edge diffraction and multi-reflection from More, the target are obtained by Physical Optics acquire the Edge narrow-band wide-band electromagnetic scattering characteristic of The the complex scene, including Equivalent Currentsand (EEC) and Shooting-and-Bouncing Ray (SBR) methods. simulation example specular edgeswept diffraction andthe multi-reflection the and target group are by Physical Optics (PO), analyses reflection, the wide-band data and HRRP coursefrom feature, validates the obtained correctness of the modeling Equivalent Edge Currents method of complex scene. (EEC) and Shooting-and-Bouncing Ray (SBR) methods. The simulation example analyses the wide-band swept data and the HRRP course feature, and validates the correctness of the modeling method of complex scene.

© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. © 2019 The Authors. by Elsevier B.V. This is an open accessPublished article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) © 2019 The Author(s). Published by B.V. committee of the 2018 International Conference on Identification, Peer-review under responsibility ofElsevier the scientific Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 2018 International Conference on Identification, Information and Information Knowledge in the of Things This is an open access article under theInternet CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Knowledge inand the Internet of Things. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 2018 International Conference on Identification,

Information and Knowledge in the Internet of Things Keywords: Radar; electromagnetic model; physical scene; complex scene; electromagnetic scattering; HRRP Keywords: Radar; electromagnetic model; physical scene; complex scene; electromagnetic scattering; HRRP

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +86-010-88526475.

E-mail address: [email protected]

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +86-010-88526475.

E-mail address: [email protected]

1877-0509© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility the scientific committee of the 2018 International Conferenceon Identification, Information andKnowledge 1877-0509© 2019 The Author(s).ofPublished by Elsevier B.V. in theisInternet of access Thingsarticle under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) This an open Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 2018 International Conferenceon Identification, Information andKnowledge in the Internet of Things 1877-0509 © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 2018 International Conference on Identification, Information and Knowledge in the Internet of Things. 10.1016/j.procs.2019.01.247

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Zhao Tao et al. / Procedia Computer Science 147 (2019) 499–503 Zhao Tao/ Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000

1. Introduction At the mid-flying station, many types of targets are released or separated, and these targets are moving with the approximately same speed, forming the compression target group [1]. Target group increases evidently the survival ability of targets, and the difficulty of the detection, tracing and recognition of target group for radar. The radar target recognition is a key technology of the detection and tracing for radar, and its main purpose of radar is detection for the signal target or targets by analyzing the movement, the electromagnetic scattering characteristic from the measure radar echo of the targets. Selecting the efficient and obvious feature of targets at different stages, especially the separation, the radar can realize the recognition of target group. And then, for the demand of the detection and recognition of target group for radar, it is desiderated to develop the research of the geometry construction and electromagnetic scattering modeling of the complex scene. At the electromagnetic scattering modeling theory research, at present the well-rounded modeling software is much, such as the American Xpatch software[2] developed by the government, GRECO [3]software by the American surface optical company, RECOTA [4]software by the Boeing aviation company and FEKO software[5] by South Africa. From the beginning of 1980th year, many domestic schools and scientific research organization develop the electromagnetic scattering modeling research for complex target one after the other, and acquire some achievement. Much software is developed to simulation the electromagnetic scattering of complex scene and the analyzing of characteristic for the targets and environment, such as GRECO-CMT[6], NESC[7], A-UEST[8], and the radar target characteristic estimation software platform by some research organizations[9,10]. However, the research of the electromagnetic scattering modeling of complex scene or target group is less at aboard and foreign, and the shelter and coupling between targets need to be considered [11]. Aiming at the demand of the detection and recognition of the typical scene and the key condition for the radar, A modeling method for synthetical scene based on the electromagnetic model is proposed. Firstly, based on the movement time-varying parameters of the targets, including the position and gesture, and the geometry material modeling of targets by the three-dimensional geometry transform method. More, use the electromagnetic calculation method to acquire the narrow-band and wide-band electromagnetic scattering characteristic of the complex scene, including specular reflection, edge diffraction and multi-reflection from the target group are obtained by Physical Optics (PO), Equivalent Edge Currents (EEC) and Shooting-and-Bouncing Ray (SBR) methods. The simulation example analyses the wide-band electromagnetic characteristic and the high solution resolution range profile (HRRP) course feature, and validates the correctness of the modeling method of complex scene. 2. The Electronmagnetic Scattering Modeling Of Target Group To solve the modeling and electromagnetic calculation of the complex scene for target group, the scene of many targets can be built firstly. The physical scene is constructed by the movement model of targets, with the geometry and material mode. Then the incident electric field is set by the parameters of the incident direction, frequency, and polarization. Therefore, the whole scattering field of complex scene can be acquired by the dynamic multi-targets electromagnetic calculation method. Finally, the dynamic electromagnetic scattering character of target group, such as the HRRP feature, can be gotten by the time-frequency, and parameter estimate method. Fig.1 is the flow chart for the electromagnetic scattering modeling for target group.



Zhao Tao et al. / Procedia Computer Science 147 (2019) 499–503 Zhao Tao/ Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000

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Fig.1 The method for synthetical scene based on the electromagnetic model

2.1. three-dimensional geometry transform After obtaining the position and three gesture angles of every target in the measure radar ordinate frame, the complex scene is constructed with the geometry modeling of targets. Use the modeling software, for example, the HyperMesh software, to dissect, disperse, separate and apart the geometry models, and separate the calm, overturn, spinning, and so on. The four order matrix with three dimensional can express the movement law of independent apart or target. It contains much geometry transform, such as the rotating, translate, projection, zooming. The matrix T is

 a11 a12 a a T   21 22  a31 a32   a41 a42

in (1),

 a41

a13

a23 a33 a43

a14  a24   a34   a44 

(1)

 a11 a12 a13   a14  a  a22 a23 shows the rotating transform;  a24  shows translate transform； 21      a31 a32 a33   a34  a42 a43  shows projection transform；  a44  shows the whole target transform.

2.2. the Electromagnetic scattering calculation The scattering characteristic of target group can be expressed by the radar cross section (RCS), the definition of

Zhao Tao et al. / Procedia Computer Science 147 (2019) 499–503 Zhao Tao/ Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000

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which is

E S   4 π lim R s 4π lim R 2 s R  R  Si Ei 2

 4π lim R

Hs

2

Hi

R 

where,

Si 、 S s

2

(2)

2

2 2

shows the power density of incident and scattering electromagnetic field,

incident electric field and magnetic field,

Es 、 H s

Ei 、 H i shows

shows scattering electric field and magnetic field,

R is the

range between target and radar antenna. The limitation Rlim explains the plane wave characteristic of the incident  and scattering wave，and eliminates the range effect to RCS. On basis of the setting incident electric field electromagnetic calculation method. The result is

Ei ，the whole scattering field Es

can be gotten by

(3)

E s   Es1  E sd  Esm   eˆr where,

eˆr

is the polarization of the receive antenna. Then, RCS and the wide-band swept data can be acquired by

formula (3). 3. Simulation and Analyzing The scattering characteristic of target group can be expressed by the radar cross section (RCS), the definition of which is Model: four targets, including the cone with sphere-cone, the cylinder, and two cone targets. Radar parameter: X wave band, bandwidth is 1000 MHz, pulse width is 75us, the range resolution is 0.15m. Fig.2 is the HRRP of target group at the 15th sample time. It shows multiple scattering climax points, and the cylinder target is obvious at the chart. The cylinder target is a litter far to the sphere-cone target, and two cone targets is separating, have the shelter and coupling condition. The other three targets have overlap condition, the position of which is between zeros and two meter zone. 0 -10

-6

-10 -20

-4

-30

-2

-20

Range(m)

Amplitude(dB)

-30

-40 -50

2

-60

4

-70 -80 -8

-40

0

-50 -60 -70 -80

6

-90 -6

-4

-2

0 Range(m)

2

4

6

8

Fig.2 the HRRP of target group at a sample time

5

10

15

20 25 30 Time sample

35

40

Fig.3 the HRRP result of the scene

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Zhao Tao et al. / Procedia Computer Science 147 (2019) 499–503 Zhao Tao/ Procedia Computer Science 00 (2019) 000–000

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Fig.3 is the HRRP course of target group at the continuous sample time. It shows the separation of target group. At beginning, the sphere-cone and two cone targets can’t be distinguished, but after some time, these targets are told apart from the HRRP course result. 4. Conclusion An electromagnetic scattering modeling method of complex scene based on target group is proposed. And use the electromagnetic calculation method to acquire electromagnetic scattering characteristic of the target group. The simulation example analyses HRRP course feature, and validates the correctness of the modeling method of complex scene. References [1] Chen Peng, Liu Xing, et al. Cooperative dynamic weapon-target assignment algorithm of multiple missiles based on networks[C]. Proceedings of 2009 Control and Decision Conference(CDCC), Guilin, China, 2009: 126-130. [2] Rao S M, Wilton D R, and Glisson A W. Electromagnetic scattering by surfaces of arbitrary sharp[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1982, 380(3): 409-418. [3] M. Rius, M. Ferrando and L. Jofre. GRECO: Graphical Electromagnetic computing for RCS Prediction in Real Time[J]. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 1993, 35(2): 7-17. [4] Nazih. N. Youssef. Radar Cross Section of Complex Targets[J]. Proceeding of the IEEE. 1989, 77(5): 722-734. [5] S. M. Rao, D. R. Wilton, and A. W. Glisson. Electromagnetic scattering by surfaces of arbitrary sharp[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1982, 380(3): 409-418. [6] Fang Ning, Wang Bao-fa,etal. The visual electromagnetic GRECO-CMT software[C]. The thesis collection of the target and environment characteristic, 2010. [7] Cui Tie-jun. High frequency electromagnetic scattering modeling country code software[C]. The thesis collection of the target and environment characteristic, 2010. [8] Nie Zai-ping, Hu Jun. The High numerical value analysis software of complex target electromagnetic scattering for engineering project[C]. The thesis collection of the target and environment characteristic, 2010. [9] Shen Xin-qing. Chinese mathematics electromagnetic modeling software Introduction[C]. The thesis collection of the target and environment characteristic, 2010. [10] Yin Hong-cheng, Liu Ning, etal. The design and realize of unite electromagnetic software platform[C]. The thesis collection of the target and environment characteristic, 2010. [11] Zhao tao, Dong chun-zhu, Ren Hong-mei, Yin Hong-cheng. Dynamic RCS simulation of a missile target group based on the high-frequency asymptotic method[J]. Journal of Radars,2014, 2(4): 150-157.