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A new species of Banksiamyces on Banksia saxicola (Proteaceae)
Notes and brief articles
533
• ./ ./,-.
/ ,
A Fig.
2.
Pleotrichiella australiensis. (A) Asci x 650; (B) ascospores x 650.
genus is stromatic. The ascospores in Leptosphaeria are phragmosporus. Setose pseudothecia and pigmented, dicryoseptate ascospores are characteristics of the genus Herpotrichiella Petrak sensu Barr (1972). It is not related to Herpotrichiella which is known to have a dothideaceous type of development.
REFERENCE
BARR, M. E . ( 1972). Preliminary studies on the Dothidenies in temperate North America. Contributions from the Univ ersity of Michigan Herbarium 9 , 523-638.
A NEW SPECIES OF BANKSIAMYCES ON BANKSIA SAXICOLA ( P R O T E A C E A E) BY G. BEATON
4 Eighth Street, Ei/don, 3713, Australia AND GRETNA WESTE
School of Botany, Un iversity of Melbourne, Parkville 3035, Australia A new species of Banksiamyces on Banksia saxicola is described and illustrated and compared with the other three Victorian species of the genus. Following the description of three species of Banksiamyces on the dead fruits of three Banksia species in Victoria (Beaton & Weste, 1982) it was decided to attempt the examination of the other Victorian Banksia species to determine if Banksiamyces was present and also, if present, to check if the fungus was specifically distinct on each Victorian species. During September 1983, Mr Ian McCann of Stawell, Victoria, took one of us (G .B.) to two of Trans . Br . mycol. Soc. 83 (3) , (1984)
the known sites in the Grampians of the endemic Banksia saxicola A. S. George. At one site, Lake View Lookout track, numerous dead fruits bore groups of Banksiamyces apothecia but microscopic examination failed to reveal any asci or spores. The general appearance of the apothecia suggested it could be specifically different from the other Victorian species. During the intervening period to January 1984 Mr McCann kept the Banksia plants at the two sites under observation and in early
Printed in Great Britain
Notes and brief articles
534
January two dead fruits bearing expanded and probably fertile apothecia were collected and forwarded to us. After reconstitution it was observed that most of the apothecia on one of the cones were fertile . Microscopic examination of crush mounts revealed that the asci and spores were much larger than in any of the other Victorian species. This, together with the light brown disk, the location of the apothecia at the bases of the seed follicles and to a lesser extent on the intervening fruit tissues provides a firm basis for the separation of the fungus on B. saxicola from the other three described species. Therefore we describe and illustrate the fungus as Banksiamy ces ma ccannii in recognition of Mr McCann's discovery of the type collection and of his years of ecological, educational and conservation work in the Victorian Grampians, As there are still three species of Banksia in Victoria : B. canei J. H. Willis,B. integrifolia L. and B. serrata L . from which Banksiamyces has been collected but fertile apothecia have not been
observed, and the four species appear to be host limited, it is felt that the provision of a key should be left until the position of the fungus on the other three species of Banksia is made clear. cn'fc-~S
Banksi~tnaccannii G.
Beaton sp.nov.
(F ig. 1)
Apothecia superficialia, ad bases folliculorum aggregata vel in superficiebus dispersa, fragilia, sicaa dura. D iscus ad 4 mm diam, pallide fusco-griseus, vivus planus vel depressus, Receptaculum cupulatum in pedicello ca 2 x 2 mm, nigrum, dispersirn alba-farinosum per exsudatum gelatinosum. Excipulum ectale ad 50 pm crassum, cellularum formatum quoad formam atque parietum crassitudinem variab ilium , in pigmento intense brunneo immersarurn, ad su p erficiem angulo 90° di spositarum. Margo tenuis, excipuli ectalis structuram simi lis. Excipulum medullare hypharum hyalinarum ad 3 pm diam laxe intertextarum, in matrice gelatinosa immersarurn forrnatum. Subhymenium hypharum laxe intertextarum brunnearum granulatarurn ad 5 pm diam. Pedicellum excipuli ectalis rnedullarisque structuram simile. Asci cylindrici-clavati octosporati, J -, 110-115 x 8--9 pm.
A
D
9
I'·.<> · -v••'/ ;'-":
E
' ,1,
5 mm ~~~
20~m
Fig. 1 . Banksiep.maccannii. (A) Ectal excipulum with pigmented area shaded with gelatinous adhesions on warts ; (B) two asci , left one immature, and paraphyses ; (C ) eight ascospores ; (D ) partly immersed seed follicle sh owing position of ap othecia and their appearance when dry (n ot to scale ); (E) expanded apothecium.
Tr ans. Br . my co/. S oc. 83 (3), (1984)
Primed in Great Britain
Notes and brief articles Sporae ± ellipsoideae, leves, hyalinae, aseptatae 9'5-14'0 x 3'5--6'0 pm. Paraphyses simplices vel apice furcatae, 1'5 pm diam apicibus angustatis, contortis, quam asci parum longiores et in matrice hyalina vel brunnea immersae. Holotypus: MELD.
Apothecia superficial, clustered and often mutually compressed on the bases of the seed follicles, solitary or scattered on the fruit surface, fragile when fresh or soaked, drying hard and rather brittle; disk to 4 mm diam, light grey-brown and deeply depressed to almost plane when fresh, drying almost black; receptacle cupulate on a stalk around 2 x 2 mm, black with a mealy-white margin when fresh, laterally collapsed, margin revolute and the mealy-white area which is formed from an hyaline, gelatinous exudation, extending towards the base when dry; ectal excipulum to 50 !tm thick, of subglobose, ellipsoidal to almost prismatic, brown-pigmented, variably thick-walled cells to 20 !tm diam lying at right angles to the surface, the outer rows immersed in an opaque brown matrix, breaking into warts up to 60 !tm diam and covered with an hyaline, discontinuous layer to 25 !tm thick formed from the gelatinous exudation; margin thin, of similar structure to the ectal excipulum; medullary excipulum of loosely interwoven, hyaline hyphae to 3 Jlm diam in an hyaline, gelatinous matrix; subhymenium variably thick, of loosely interwoven hyphae to 5 flm diam with a granular surface formed from adhering particles of brown pigment; stalk of similar structure to the ectal and medullary excipula; asci cylindrical clavate, shortstalked, 8-spored, uniseriate, biseriate or irregular, apically thick, J - both before and after treatment
535
with KOH, l1er-115 x 8-9 flm; spores regularly to irregularly ellipsoidal, a few allantoid, non-sepate, smooth, hyaline, some with two polar oil-drops, a very thin, gelatinous coating may be present, 9'5-14 x 3'5-6 psn ; paraphyses cylindrical, not or very sparsely septate, simple or apically branched, l' 5 flm thick, tips contorted and mostly tapering to a slender, obtuse apex, slightly and variably longer than the asci, immersed in an hyaline to brown pigmented, gelatinous matrix. Specimens examined: Near car park, Mt William scenic road, Grampians, I. McCann, 5 Jan. 1984, MELD Holotype; Lake View Lookout, Grampians, I. McCann, K. & G. Beaton, 6 Sept. 1983.
Banksiamyces maccannii differs from the other three Victorian species in the larger asci with negative iodine reaction, in the larger spores and in the contorted, tapering paraphyses tips. The fruiting period in December and January is unusual as the other Banksiamyces species fruit during winter and early autumn but this may have been due to the exceptionally high rainfall in the Grampians during the early summer of 1983. We thank Dr H. J. Swart, Botany School, University of Melbourne, for a critical reading of the manuscript and the Botany School for provision of its facilities. REFERENCE
BEATON, G. & WESTE,G. (1982). Banksiamyces gen.nov., a Discomycete on dead Banksia cones. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 79, 271-277.
MYCOCLELANDIA NOM.NOV. (HYPOGEOUS ASCOMYCOTINA), A REPLACEMENT FOR THE PRE-EMPTED GENERIC NAME CLELANDIA BY JAMES M. TRAPPE
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest & Range Experiment Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, U.S.A. AND GORDON BEATON
4 Eighth Street, Eildon, Victoria 3713, Australia A rare, monotypic genus of the Violaceae was named Clelandia prior to the application of that name to an Australian genus of hypogeous Ascomycotina; Mycoclelandia is proposed as a replacement for the fungal genus.
Clelandia was described as a monotypic genus by Trappe (1979) with C. arenacea as the type species. A second species, C. bulundari Beaton, was subsequently discovered and described (Beaton & Weste, 1982). Recently, Dr J. H. Willis, Botanist Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 83 (3), (1984)
Emeritus of the National Herbarium, Melbourne, Victoria, called to our attention that a rare and little known monotypic genus in the Violaceae had been named Clelandia srr years earlier than our application of the name (Black, 1932). Accordingly, the fungal
Printed in Great Britain
533
• ./ ./,-.
/ ,
A Fig.
2.
Pleotrichiella australiensis. (A) Asci x 650; (B) ascospores x 650.
genus is stromatic. The ascospores in Leptosphaeria are phragmosporus. Setose pseudothecia and pigmented, dicryoseptate ascospores are characteristics of the genus Herpotrichiella Petrak sensu Barr (1972). It is not related to Herpotrichiella which is known to have a dothideaceous type of development.
REFERENCE
BARR, M. E . ( 1972). Preliminary studies on the Dothidenies in temperate North America. Contributions from the Univ ersity of Michigan Herbarium 9 , 523-638.
A NEW SPECIES OF BANKSIAMYCES ON BANKSIA SAXICOLA ( P R O T E A C E A E) BY G. BEATON
4 Eighth Street, Ei/don, 3713, Australia AND GRETNA WESTE
School of Botany, Un iversity of Melbourne, Parkville 3035, Australia A new species of Banksiamyces on Banksia saxicola is described and illustrated and compared with the other three Victorian species of the genus. Following the description of three species of Banksiamyces on the dead fruits of three Banksia species in Victoria (Beaton & Weste, 1982) it was decided to attempt the examination of the other Victorian Banksia species to determine if Banksiamyces was present and also, if present, to check if the fungus was specifically distinct on each Victorian species. During September 1983, Mr Ian McCann of Stawell, Victoria, took one of us (G .B.) to two of Trans . Br . mycol. Soc. 83 (3) , (1984)
the known sites in the Grampians of the endemic Banksia saxicola A. S. George. At one site, Lake View Lookout track, numerous dead fruits bore groups of Banksiamyces apothecia but microscopic examination failed to reveal any asci or spores. The general appearance of the apothecia suggested it could be specifically different from the other Victorian species. During the intervening period to January 1984 Mr McCann kept the Banksia plants at the two sites under observation and in early
Printed in Great Britain
Notes and brief articles
534
January two dead fruits bearing expanded and probably fertile apothecia were collected and forwarded to us. After reconstitution it was observed that most of the apothecia on one of the cones were fertile . Microscopic examination of crush mounts revealed that the asci and spores were much larger than in any of the other Victorian species. This, together with the light brown disk, the location of the apothecia at the bases of the seed follicles and to a lesser extent on the intervening fruit tissues provides a firm basis for the separation of the fungus on B. saxicola from the other three described species. Therefore we describe and illustrate the fungus as Banksiamy ces ma ccannii in recognition of Mr McCann's discovery of the type collection and of his years of ecological, educational and conservation work in the Victorian Grampians, As there are still three species of Banksia in Victoria : B. canei J. H. Willis,B. integrifolia L. and B. serrata L . from which Banksiamyces has been collected but fertile apothecia have not been
observed, and the four species appear to be host limited, it is felt that the provision of a key should be left until the position of the fungus on the other three species of Banksia is made clear. cn'fc-~S
Banksi~tnaccannii G.
Beaton sp.nov.
(F ig. 1)
Apothecia superficialia, ad bases folliculorum aggregata vel in superficiebus dispersa, fragilia, sicaa dura. D iscus ad 4 mm diam, pallide fusco-griseus, vivus planus vel depressus, Receptaculum cupulatum in pedicello ca 2 x 2 mm, nigrum, dispersirn alba-farinosum per exsudatum gelatinosum. Excipulum ectale ad 50 pm crassum, cellularum formatum quoad formam atque parietum crassitudinem variab ilium , in pigmento intense brunneo immersarurn, ad su p erficiem angulo 90° di spositarum. Margo tenuis, excipuli ectalis structuram simi lis. Excipulum medullare hypharum hyalinarum ad 3 pm diam laxe intertextarum, in matrice gelatinosa immersarurn forrnatum. Subhymenium hypharum laxe intertextarum brunnearum granulatarurn ad 5 pm diam. Pedicellum excipuli ectalis rnedullarisque structuram simile. Asci cylindrici-clavati octosporati, J -, 110-115 x 8--9 pm.
A
D
9
I'·.<> · -v••'/ ;'-":
E
' ,1,
5 mm ~~~
20~m
Fig. 1 . Banksiep.maccannii. (A) Ectal excipulum with pigmented area shaded with gelatinous adhesions on warts ; (B) two asci , left one immature, and paraphyses ; (C ) eight ascospores ; (D ) partly immersed seed follicle sh owing position of ap othecia and their appearance when dry (n ot to scale ); (E) expanded apothecium.
Tr ans. Br . my co/. S oc. 83 (3), (1984)
Primed in Great Britain
Notes and brief articles Sporae ± ellipsoideae, leves, hyalinae, aseptatae 9'5-14'0 x 3'5--6'0 pm. Paraphyses simplices vel apice furcatae, 1'5 pm diam apicibus angustatis, contortis, quam asci parum longiores et in matrice hyalina vel brunnea immersae. Holotypus: MELD.
Apothecia superficial, clustered and often mutually compressed on the bases of the seed follicles, solitary or scattered on the fruit surface, fragile when fresh or soaked, drying hard and rather brittle; disk to 4 mm diam, light grey-brown and deeply depressed to almost plane when fresh, drying almost black; receptacle cupulate on a stalk around 2 x 2 mm, black with a mealy-white margin when fresh, laterally collapsed, margin revolute and the mealy-white area which is formed from an hyaline, gelatinous exudation, extending towards the base when dry; ectal excipulum to 50 !tm thick, of subglobose, ellipsoidal to almost prismatic, brown-pigmented, variably thick-walled cells to 20 !tm diam lying at right angles to the surface, the outer rows immersed in an opaque brown matrix, breaking into warts up to 60 !tm diam and covered with an hyaline, discontinuous layer to 25 !tm thick formed from the gelatinous exudation; margin thin, of similar structure to the ectal excipulum; medullary excipulum of loosely interwoven, hyaline hyphae to 3 Jlm diam in an hyaline, gelatinous matrix; subhymenium variably thick, of loosely interwoven hyphae to 5 flm diam with a granular surface formed from adhering particles of brown pigment; stalk of similar structure to the ectal and medullary excipula; asci cylindrical clavate, shortstalked, 8-spored, uniseriate, biseriate or irregular, apically thick, J - both before and after treatment
535
with KOH, l1er-115 x 8-9 flm; spores regularly to irregularly ellipsoidal, a few allantoid, non-sepate, smooth, hyaline, some with two polar oil-drops, a very thin, gelatinous coating may be present, 9'5-14 x 3'5-6 psn ; paraphyses cylindrical, not or very sparsely septate, simple or apically branched, l' 5 flm thick, tips contorted and mostly tapering to a slender, obtuse apex, slightly and variably longer than the asci, immersed in an hyaline to brown pigmented, gelatinous matrix. Specimens examined: Near car park, Mt William scenic road, Grampians, I. McCann, 5 Jan. 1984, MELD Holotype; Lake View Lookout, Grampians, I. McCann, K. & G. Beaton, 6 Sept. 1983.
Banksiamyces maccannii differs from the other three Victorian species in the larger asci with negative iodine reaction, in the larger spores and in the contorted, tapering paraphyses tips. The fruiting period in December and January is unusual as the other Banksiamyces species fruit during winter and early autumn but this may have been due to the exceptionally high rainfall in the Grampians during the early summer of 1983. We thank Dr H. J. Swart, Botany School, University of Melbourne, for a critical reading of the manuscript and the Botany School for provision of its facilities. REFERENCE
BEATON, G. & WESTE,G. (1982). Banksiamyces gen.nov., a Discomycete on dead Banksia cones. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 79, 271-277.
MYCOCLELANDIA NOM.NOV. (HYPOGEOUS ASCOMYCOTINA), A REPLACEMENT FOR THE PRE-EMPTED GENERIC NAME CLELANDIA BY JAMES M. TRAPPE
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest & Range Experiment Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, U.S.A. AND GORDON BEATON
4 Eighth Street, Eildon, Victoria 3713, Australia A rare, monotypic genus of the Violaceae was named Clelandia prior to the application of that name to an Australian genus of hypogeous Ascomycotina; Mycoclelandia is proposed as a replacement for the fungal genus.
Clelandia was described as a monotypic genus by Trappe (1979) with C. arenacea as the type species. A second species, C. bulundari Beaton, was subsequently discovered and described (Beaton & Weste, 1982). Recently, Dr J. H. Willis, Botanist Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 83 (3), (1984)
Emeritus of the National Herbarium, Melbourne, Victoria, called to our attention that a rare and little known monotypic genus in the Violaceae had been named Clelandia srr years earlier than our application of the name (Black, 1932). Accordingly, the fungal
Printed in Great Britain