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A new species of Hainesia from Southern England
Mycol. Res. 101 (10) : 1228–1232 (1997)
1228
Printed in the United Kingdom
A new species of Hainesia from Southern England
E. P U N I T H A L I N G AM1, 2 A N D B. M. S P O O N ER1 " Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE, U.K. # International Mycological Institute, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, U.K.
Hainesia marsdeniae sp. nov. is described and illustrated from dead leaves of ?Cornus sp. collected in the U.K. It is compared with known Hainesia species and those coelomycetes with cupulate conidiomata that it resembles.
Hainesia was introduced by Ellis & Saccardo (Saccardo, 1884) and a taxonomic revision of the genus was later carried out by Ho$ hnel (1918). Subsequently, Shear & Dodge (1921) and
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Sutton (1980) provided detailed accounts of the lectotype, H. lythri (Desm.) Ho$ hn. The genus is characterized by having cupulate conidiomata, branched conidiophores, phialidic conidiogenous cells (sensu Sutton, 1980) and hyaline aseptate conidia. A recently collected cupulate conidiomatal fungus from leaf litter of ?Cornus agrees with species of Hainesia in having similar conidiophores and conidiogenous cells but differs in having a small number of setae with bulbous apices intermixed amongst light brown marginal setae or stiff hyphae surrounding the conidiomata. The present fungus may be readily distinguished from all the 29 species described to date in Hainesia by conidial dimensions and the presence of such apically bulbous setae.
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Hainesia marsdeniae Punith. & Spooner, sp. nov. (Figs 1–12) Etym. : after Mrs M. Marsden, who collected the holotype
1
Figs 1–5. Hainesia marsdeniae. Fig. 1. Vertical section of conidioma. Scale bar, 25 µm. Fig. 2. Lateral hyphae or stiff setae surrounding conidiomata. Scale bar, 10 µm. Fig. 3. Part of stiff lateral hypha or seta with bulbous apex. Scale bar, 10 µm. Fig. 4. Conidiophores and conidiogenous cells with conidia. Scale bar, 10 µm. Fig. 5. Conidia. Scale bar, 10 µm.
Conidiomata foliicola, amphigena, pallide brunnea, separata, interdum aggregata, in hospite semiimmersa, denique superficialia, cupulata, (120–) 130–235 µm lata, setis vel hyphis pallide brunneis vel senatis circumcincta. Setae nor-ramosae, rectae vel arcuatae, septatae, 60–80¬1±5–2±5 µm, interdum inflatis apicibus 3–3±5 µm latis. Conidiophora filiformia, hyalina, recta vel curvata, ad basim et supra septata, ramosa, 50–85¬1±5–2 µm, ex cellulis superioribus parietum conidiomatum formata. Cellulae conidiogenae in conidiophoris incorporatae, determinatae, cylindricae, laeves, hyalinae, unusquisque 1 loco ; loci conidiogeni ad apicem producentes, parietibus periclinalibus. Conidia holoblastica, hyalina, laevia, falcata vel cymbiformia vel fusiformia, aseptata, interdum guttulata ad extrema acuta, (12±5–) 14–15±5¬1±6–2 µm. Holotypus : U.K., Glos., Forest of Dean, Newland, track side, in foliis emortuis ?Corni sp., 12 Nov. 1994, M. Marsden, (K (M) 34459), holotypus, K.
E. Punithalingam and B. M. Spooner
1229
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Figs 6–10. Hainesia marsdeniae. Fig. 6. Vertical section of conidioma stained with lactofuchsin. Scale bar, 20 µm. Fig. 7. Peripheral setae surrounding conidioma. Scale bar, 5 µm. Figs 8–9. Setae, showing bulbous apices. Scale bars, 5 µm. Fig. 10. Conidiophore, conidiogenous cells and conidia, stained with erythrosin in 2 % ammonia. Scale bar, 20 µm.
New species of Hainesia
1230 60–80¬1±5–2±5 µm, occasionally with bulbous apices, 3–3±5 µm wide. Conidiophores filiform, hyaline, straight or curved, septate, branched at base and above, 50–85¬1±5–2 µm, formed from the upper cells of the conidiomatal wall. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, determinate, with one conidiogenous locus per cell ; conidiogenous loci at the apex with periclinal thickening. Conidia holoblastic (ss. Sutton, 1986), hyaline, smooth, falcate or cymbiform to fusiform, aseptate, acute at each end, sometimes guttulate, (12±5–) 14–15±5¬1±6 (–2) µm.
Material examined : U.K., Forest of Dean, Newland, on dead fallen leaf of ?Cornus sp., M. Marsden, K(M) 34459, holotype, K.
Figs 11–12. Hainesia marsdeniae. All stained with erythrosin in 2 % ammonia. Scale bars, 5 µm. Fig. 11. (top) Conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Figs 12. (bottom) Conidia.
Conidiomata foliicolous, amphigenous, initially semi-immersed, finally superficial, separate, occasionally aggregated, cupulate, (120–) 130–235 µm wide, surrounded by distinct pale brown to sienna setae. Setae unbranched, straight or curved,
Hainesia marsdeniae resembles species of Chaetomella Fuckel in having setae with bulbous apical cells, but species representing the latter genus produce on the host pycnidial conidiomata with a longitudinal raphe (a ridge with seam) which dehisces longitudinally (Swift, 1930 ; Stolk, 1963 ; Sutton & Sarbhoy, 1976) or sometimes irregularly (Stolk, 1963), releasing conidia. It is worth mentioning here that although Swift (1930) was unable to observe a raphe on pycnidia in the type material of C. oblonga Fuckel, the lectotype species of Chaetomella, our examination of the Exsiccati Fungi Rhenani 1962 showed pycnidia with a longitudinal raphe which agrees with the findings of Stolk (1963). Although H. marsdeniae appears to be intermediate in form between species referred to Hainesia and to Chaetomella it is not here accommodated in a separate new genus because the anatomical characters of the cupulate conidiomata (except for the apically bulbous setae) are similar to those of H. lythri, the lectotype of Hainesia. Hainesia marsdeniae can be distinguished from species of other superficially similar coelomycete genera with cupulate conidiomata by a combination of characters. From Omega B. Sutton & Minter (Sutton & Minter, 1988) it can be readily distinguished by the absence of percurrently proliferating conidiogenous cells. It can also be readily distinguished from species of Spogotteria Dyko, B. Sutton & Roquebert (Dyko, Sutton & Roquebert, 1979) which have setose, acervular conidiomata with paraphyses amongst the conidiophores. Species of Vermiculariopsiella Bender, which has been accepted by Nag Raj (1983) as an earlier name for Oramasia Urries, differ from H. marsdeniae in having densely packed conidiophores bearing conidiogenous cells with recurved apices and flaring collarettes. At least 29 species have been referred to Hainesia, although in most cases their status has not been evaluated by typebased studies. However, Sutton (1980), on the basis of examination of material including available types held in herb. IMI, suggested that many of the names in Hainesia are likely to prove synonyms of H. lythri. An examination of the available type material of Hainesia species in K and IMI (Table 1) and of conidial measurements given in the diagnoses of the various species (Table 2) shows that H. marsdeniae can be readily distinguished from H. lythri and other species by conidial dimensions and the presence of conidiomatal setae with bulbous apices.
E. Punithalingam and B. M. Spooner
1231
Table 1. Comparison of Hainesia marsdeniae with available type or reference material of other Hainesia names
Specimens examined
Host plant
Setae with bulbous apex
H. marsdeniae Punith. & Spooner
Holotype in K
?Cornus sp.
Present
H. aurantiaca Massee" Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911 : 226 (1911) H. borealis Ellis & Everh.# J. Mycol. 5 : 156 (1889)
Holotype in K
Endiandra insignis F. M. Bailey Galium boreale L.
Unknown
14–15±5¬1±6– 2 µm 12¬3–4 µm
Unknown
4±5–5¬1 µm
Galium boreale Prunus padus L.
Unknown Unknown
5¬1±6 µm 3¬1–1±5 µm
Unknown
3¬1±5 µm
Holotype, IMI 98567
Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz (¯ W. floribunda Salisb.) Dissotis paucistellata Stapf.
Unknown
5–6¬1±6 µm
Pl. Crypt. Fr. no. 1545, holotype in K Reference material IMI 159932
Fragaria vesca L. Fragaria vesca
Unknown Unknown
Ellis & Everhart, North Am. Fungi, No. 2278, isotype in K Gloeosporium rubi Westend., No. 980, isotype in K Briosi & Cavara, Mycoth. ital., Cent. VIII, n. 770 IMI 121814, and in K F. Petrak’s Flora Bohemiae et Moraviae exsiccati in IMI and K
Rhus aromatica Ait.
Unknown
7±5–8(–9)¬1±5– 2 µm 6–7¬1±5–2 µm (7–)8–9¬2±5 µm
Rubus sp.
Unknown
6–7¬1±5–2 µm
Rhus oxyacanthoides Dum.Cours. Viburnum lantana L.
Unknown
Conidia not found in the isotype 5–6¬1±5–2 µm
H. feurichii Buba! k$ Ann. Mycol. 4 : 119 (1906) H. jabalpurensis V. P. Sahni% Mycopath. Mycol. Appl. 36 : 283 (1968) H. lunata J. Kranz& Sydowia 22 : 364 (1969) 1968 H. lythri (Desm.) Ho$ hn. Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 115 : 687 (1906) H. rhoina (Sacc.) Ellis & Sacc.' Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. rubi (Westend.) Sacc.( Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. taphrinoides D. Sacc. & Cav.) Syll. Fung. 16 : 995 (1902) H. viburni Petr.* Ann. Mycol. 23 : 116 (1925) " # $ % & ' ( ) *
Ellis & Everhart, North Am. Fungi, No. 2785, isotype in K Exsiccata ex Dearness, IMI 159730 Krieger, Fungi saxonici, No. 1998, in K Holotype, IMI 110566
Unknown
Conidia
Not a species of Hainesia (probably a species of Colletotrichum or Cryptocline). Not a species of Hainesia (probably a species of Leptodothiorella). Not a species of Hainesia (? ¯ Dothiorella sp.). ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). Conidia present in the type material are smaller than those of H. lythri. ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). Not a species of Hainesia (? ¯ Phomopsis sp.). Not a species of Hainesia (on the basis of the illustrations it is probably a species of Melasmia Le! v.). ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Reed & Farr (1993) ; but see Palm (1991) who considers it not to be conspecific with this species.
Table 2. Comparison of H. marsdeniae with published descriptions of Hainesia names
Host or substrate H. marsdeniae Punith. & Spooner ?Cornus sp. H. aurantiaca Massee Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew Endiandra insignis F. M. Bailey 1911 : 226 (1911) H. aurantii Henn. Hedwigia 41 : 104 Citrus aurantium L. (1902) H. borealis Ellis & Everh. J. Mycol. 5 : 156 Galium boreale (1889) H. castaneae Oudem." Ned. Kruidk. Arch. Ser. Castanea vesca Gaertn. (¯ C. sativa Mill.) 3, 2 : 755 (1902) H. corallina Sacc. & Fautrey# Rev. Mycol. Typha latifolia L. (Toulouse) 20 : 59 (1898) H. dietelii Oudem. Ned. Kruidk. Arch. Ser. 3, Quercus rubra L. (¯ Q. borealis Michx.) 2 : 755 (1902) H. epilobii A. G. Eliasson$ Bih. Kongl. Svenska Epilobium angustifolium L. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 22, Afd. III N.12 ; 16 (1897) 1896 H. feurichii Buba! k Ann. Mycol. 4 : 119 (1906) Prunus padus ?H. java (listed in Sylloge Fungorum 22 : 1563 (1913) but the description is untraceable) H. jabalpurensis V. P. Sahni Mycopath. Mycol. Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz (¯ W. Applic. 36 : 283 (1968) floribunda Salisb.) H. kolae Speg. Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires Sterculia acuminata Beauv. 20 : 400 (1910) H. lunata J. Kranz Sydowia 22 : 364 (1969) Dissotis paucistellata Stapf. 1968 H. lycopersici Speg.% Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Aires Ser. 2a, 6 : 327 (1899)
Setae with bulbous apex
Conidia
Present Unknown
14–15±5¬1±6–2 µm 10–12¬3–3±5 µm
Unknown
10–13¬4–6 µm
Unknown
5–7¬1 µm
Unknown
6–8¬3±5–4 µm
Unknown
10¬6 µm
Unknown
12–13¬5 µm
Unknown
6–9¬1±5 µm
Unknown
3–4¬1–1±5 µm
Unknown
4–8±4¬2–3 µm
Unknown
16–20¬4–5 µm
Unknown
5–6¬1±5–2 µm
Unknown
16¬6 µm
New species of Hainesia
1232
Table 2. (cont.)
H. lythri (Desm.) Ho$ hn. Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 115 : 687 (1906) H. maxillariae Speg.& Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 20 : 400 (1910) H. minutissima Buba! k & Vleugel Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 11 : 317 (1917) H. oleicola Speg.' Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 20 : 400 (1910) H. palmarum Keissl. Ann. Mycol. 7 : 292 (1909) H. piricola Oudem. Ned. Kruidk. Arch. Ser. 3, 2 : 897 (1903) H. rhoina (Sacc.) Ellis & Sacc. Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. rostrupii Oudem.( Ned. Kruidk. Arch. Ser. 3, 2 : 756 (1902) H. rubi (Westend.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. subtecta (Roberge) Grove) J. Bot. 70 : 4–5 (1932) H. taphrinioides D. Sacc. & Cav. Syll. Fung. 16 : 995 (1902) H. tellingsi Koorders Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch, Afd. Natuurk., Tweede Sect. 13 (4) : 215 (1907) H. tremellina (Sacc.) Sacc.* Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. versicolor (Berk. & M. A. Curtis)"! Speg., Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 20 : 401 (1910) H. viburni Petrak Ann. Mycol. 23 : 116 (1925) H. zavrelii-ignatii Picbauer Verh. Naturf. Vereins BruX nn. 68 : 42 (1937) " # $ % &
Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). ? ¯ Fusicoccum sp. ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). Probably ¯ Fusarium sp. or Cylindrocarpon sp. Probably not a Hainesia sp.
' ( ) * "!
Host or substrate
Setae with bulbous apex
Conidia
Lythrum sp.
Unknown
8–10¬1±5–2±5 µm
Maxillaria rufescens Lindl.
Unknown
12–18¬7–8 µm
Alnus incana (L.) Moench
Unknown
3–4¬2 µm
Olea europaea L.
Unknown
20¬5–6 µm
Areca rechingeriana Becc.
Unknown
12–15¬6 µm
Pyrus communis L.
Unknown
Unknown
Rhus glabra L.
Unknown
10–12¬3 µm
Quercus rubra
Unknown
6–8¬3–3±5 µm
Rubus sp.
Unknown
6–10¬2–3±5 µm
Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link
Unknown
5–7¬2–3 µm
Rhus oxyacanthoides
Unknown
4–7¬1–1±5 µm
Musa (Physocaulis) sp.
Unknown
5–5±5¬2 µm
Acer campestre L.
Unknown
8–9¬1±25 µm
Prunus persica Stokes
Unknown
12–18¬5 µm
Viburnum lantana Lythrum salicaria L.
Unknown Unknown
5–8¬1±5–2 µm 5±3–10±5¬1±5–2±6 µm
Probably not a Hainesia sp. ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). ¯ Fusarium sp. fide Reed & Farr (1993). ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). Described with 1-septate conidia.
We thank Joan E. Woodhams for technical assistance. REFERENCES Dyko, B. J., Sutton, B. C. & Roquebert, M. F. (1979). The genus Protostegia. Mycologia 71, 918–934. Ho$ hnel F. von (1918). Fungi imperfecti. Beitra$ ge zur kenntnis derselben. 67. U> ber die Gattung Hainesia Ellis et Saccardo. Hedwigia 60, 163–165. Nag Raj, T. R. (1983). Vermiculariopsiella Bender, an earlier name for Oramasia Urries. Mycotaxon 18, 159–163. Palm, M. E. (1991). Taxonomy and morphology of the synanamorphs Pilidium concavum and Hainesia lythri (coelomycetes). Mycologia 83, 787–796. Reed, C. F. & Farr, D. F. (1993). Index to Saccardo’s Sylloge Fungorum volumes I–XXVI in XXIX 1882–1972. Contribution No. 31 of the Reed Library and Herbarium, Darlington, Maryland. Rose Printing Company, Inc. : Florida. Saccardo, P. A. (1884). Sylloge Fungorum 3, 698. (Accepted 2 December 1996)
Shear, L. & Dodge, B. O. (1921). The life history and identity of Patellina fragariae, Leptothyrium macrothecium and Peziza oenotherae. Mycologia 13, 135–170. Stolk, A. C. (1963). The genus Chaetomella Fuckel. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 46, 409–425. Sutton, B. C. (1980). The Coelomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute : Kew. Sutton, B. C. (1986). Presidential Address : improvisations on conidial themes. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 86, 1–38. Sutton, B. C. & Minter, D. W. (1988). Omega coenobiticum gen. et sp. nov., a new cupulate coelomycete on Quercus from Greece. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 91, 715–717. Sutton, B. C. & Sarbhoy, A. K. (1976). Revision of Chaetomella, and comments upon Vermiculariopsis and Thyriochaetum. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 66, 297–303. Swift, M. E. (1930). A new species of Chaetomella on Rose. Mycologia 22, 165–168.
1228
Printed in the United Kingdom
A new species of Hainesia from Southern England
E. P U N I T H A L I N G AM1, 2 A N D B. M. S P O O N ER1 " Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE, U.K. # International Mycological Institute, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, U.K.
Hainesia marsdeniae sp. nov. is described and illustrated from dead leaves of ?Cornus sp. collected in the U.K. It is compared with known Hainesia species and those coelomycetes with cupulate conidiomata that it resembles.
Hainesia was introduced by Ellis & Saccardo (Saccardo, 1884) and a taxonomic revision of the genus was later carried out by Ho$ hnel (1918). Subsequently, Shear & Dodge (1921) and
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Sutton (1980) provided detailed accounts of the lectotype, H. lythri (Desm.) Ho$ hn. The genus is characterized by having cupulate conidiomata, branched conidiophores, phialidic conidiogenous cells (sensu Sutton, 1980) and hyaline aseptate conidia. A recently collected cupulate conidiomatal fungus from leaf litter of ?Cornus agrees with species of Hainesia in having similar conidiophores and conidiogenous cells but differs in having a small number of setae with bulbous apices intermixed amongst light brown marginal setae or stiff hyphae surrounding the conidiomata. The present fungus may be readily distinguished from all the 29 species described to date in Hainesia by conidial dimensions and the presence of such apically bulbous setae.
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Hainesia marsdeniae Punith. & Spooner, sp. nov. (Figs 1–12) Etym. : after Mrs M. Marsden, who collected the holotype
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Figs 1–5. Hainesia marsdeniae. Fig. 1. Vertical section of conidioma. Scale bar, 25 µm. Fig. 2. Lateral hyphae or stiff setae surrounding conidiomata. Scale bar, 10 µm. Fig. 3. Part of stiff lateral hypha or seta with bulbous apex. Scale bar, 10 µm. Fig. 4. Conidiophores and conidiogenous cells with conidia. Scale bar, 10 µm. Fig. 5. Conidia. Scale bar, 10 µm.
Conidiomata foliicola, amphigena, pallide brunnea, separata, interdum aggregata, in hospite semiimmersa, denique superficialia, cupulata, (120–) 130–235 µm lata, setis vel hyphis pallide brunneis vel senatis circumcincta. Setae nor-ramosae, rectae vel arcuatae, septatae, 60–80¬1±5–2±5 µm, interdum inflatis apicibus 3–3±5 µm latis. Conidiophora filiformia, hyalina, recta vel curvata, ad basim et supra septata, ramosa, 50–85¬1±5–2 µm, ex cellulis superioribus parietum conidiomatum formata. Cellulae conidiogenae in conidiophoris incorporatae, determinatae, cylindricae, laeves, hyalinae, unusquisque 1 loco ; loci conidiogeni ad apicem producentes, parietibus periclinalibus. Conidia holoblastica, hyalina, laevia, falcata vel cymbiformia vel fusiformia, aseptata, interdum guttulata ad extrema acuta, (12±5–) 14–15±5¬1±6–2 µm. Holotypus : U.K., Glos., Forest of Dean, Newland, track side, in foliis emortuis ?Corni sp., 12 Nov. 1994, M. Marsden, (K (M) 34459), holotypus, K.
E. Punithalingam and B. M. Spooner
1229
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Figs 6–10. Hainesia marsdeniae. Fig. 6. Vertical section of conidioma stained with lactofuchsin. Scale bar, 20 µm. Fig. 7. Peripheral setae surrounding conidioma. Scale bar, 5 µm. Figs 8–9. Setae, showing bulbous apices. Scale bars, 5 µm. Fig. 10. Conidiophore, conidiogenous cells and conidia, stained with erythrosin in 2 % ammonia. Scale bar, 20 µm.
New species of Hainesia
1230 60–80¬1±5–2±5 µm, occasionally with bulbous apices, 3–3±5 µm wide. Conidiophores filiform, hyaline, straight or curved, septate, branched at base and above, 50–85¬1±5–2 µm, formed from the upper cells of the conidiomatal wall. Conidiogenous cells cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, determinate, with one conidiogenous locus per cell ; conidiogenous loci at the apex with periclinal thickening. Conidia holoblastic (ss. Sutton, 1986), hyaline, smooth, falcate or cymbiform to fusiform, aseptate, acute at each end, sometimes guttulate, (12±5–) 14–15±5¬1±6 (–2) µm.
Material examined : U.K., Forest of Dean, Newland, on dead fallen leaf of ?Cornus sp., M. Marsden, K(M) 34459, holotype, K.
Figs 11–12. Hainesia marsdeniae. All stained with erythrosin in 2 % ammonia. Scale bars, 5 µm. Fig. 11. (top) Conidiophores, conidiogenous cells and conidia. Figs 12. (bottom) Conidia.
Conidiomata foliicolous, amphigenous, initially semi-immersed, finally superficial, separate, occasionally aggregated, cupulate, (120–) 130–235 µm wide, surrounded by distinct pale brown to sienna setae. Setae unbranched, straight or curved,
Hainesia marsdeniae resembles species of Chaetomella Fuckel in having setae with bulbous apical cells, but species representing the latter genus produce on the host pycnidial conidiomata with a longitudinal raphe (a ridge with seam) which dehisces longitudinally (Swift, 1930 ; Stolk, 1963 ; Sutton & Sarbhoy, 1976) or sometimes irregularly (Stolk, 1963), releasing conidia. It is worth mentioning here that although Swift (1930) was unable to observe a raphe on pycnidia in the type material of C. oblonga Fuckel, the lectotype species of Chaetomella, our examination of the Exsiccati Fungi Rhenani 1962 showed pycnidia with a longitudinal raphe which agrees with the findings of Stolk (1963). Although H. marsdeniae appears to be intermediate in form between species referred to Hainesia and to Chaetomella it is not here accommodated in a separate new genus because the anatomical characters of the cupulate conidiomata (except for the apically bulbous setae) are similar to those of H. lythri, the lectotype of Hainesia. Hainesia marsdeniae can be distinguished from species of other superficially similar coelomycete genera with cupulate conidiomata by a combination of characters. From Omega B. Sutton & Minter (Sutton & Minter, 1988) it can be readily distinguished by the absence of percurrently proliferating conidiogenous cells. It can also be readily distinguished from species of Spogotteria Dyko, B. Sutton & Roquebert (Dyko, Sutton & Roquebert, 1979) which have setose, acervular conidiomata with paraphyses amongst the conidiophores. Species of Vermiculariopsiella Bender, which has been accepted by Nag Raj (1983) as an earlier name for Oramasia Urries, differ from H. marsdeniae in having densely packed conidiophores bearing conidiogenous cells with recurved apices and flaring collarettes. At least 29 species have been referred to Hainesia, although in most cases their status has not been evaluated by typebased studies. However, Sutton (1980), on the basis of examination of material including available types held in herb. IMI, suggested that many of the names in Hainesia are likely to prove synonyms of H. lythri. An examination of the available type material of Hainesia species in K and IMI (Table 1) and of conidial measurements given in the diagnoses of the various species (Table 2) shows that H. marsdeniae can be readily distinguished from H. lythri and other species by conidial dimensions and the presence of conidiomatal setae with bulbous apices.
E. Punithalingam and B. M. Spooner
1231
Table 1. Comparison of Hainesia marsdeniae with available type or reference material of other Hainesia names
Specimens examined
Host plant
Setae with bulbous apex
H. marsdeniae Punith. & Spooner
Holotype in K
?Cornus sp.
Present
H. aurantiaca Massee" Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911 : 226 (1911) H. borealis Ellis & Everh.# J. Mycol. 5 : 156 (1889)
Holotype in K
Endiandra insignis F. M. Bailey Galium boreale L.
Unknown
14–15±5¬1±6– 2 µm 12¬3–4 µm
Unknown
4±5–5¬1 µm
Galium boreale Prunus padus L.
Unknown Unknown
5¬1±6 µm 3¬1–1±5 µm
Unknown
3¬1±5 µm
Holotype, IMI 98567
Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz (¯ W. floribunda Salisb.) Dissotis paucistellata Stapf.
Unknown
5–6¬1±6 µm
Pl. Crypt. Fr. no. 1545, holotype in K Reference material IMI 159932
Fragaria vesca L. Fragaria vesca
Unknown Unknown
Ellis & Everhart, North Am. Fungi, No. 2278, isotype in K Gloeosporium rubi Westend., No. 980, isotype in K Briosi & Cavara, Mycoth. ital., Cent. VIII, n. 770 IMI 121814, and in K F. Petrak’s Flora Bohemiae et Moraviae exsiccati in IMI and K
Rhus aromatica Ait.
Unknown
7±5–8(–9)¬1±5– 2 µm 6–7¬1±5–2 µm (7–)8–9¬2±5 µm
Rubus sp.
Unknown
6–7¬1±5–2 µm
Rhus oxyacanthoides Dum.Cours. Viburnum lantana L.
Unknown
Conidia not found in the isotype 5–6¬1±5–2 µm
H. feurichii Buba! k$ Ann. Mycol. 4 : 119 (1906) H. jabalpurensis V. P. Sahni% Mycopath. Mycol. Appl. 36 : 283 (1968) H. lunata J. Kranz& Sydowia 22 : 364 (1969) 1968 H. lythri (Desm.) Ho$ hn. Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 115 : 687 (1906) H. rhoina (Sacc.) Ellis & Sacc.' Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. rubi (Westend.) Sacc.( Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. taphrinoides D. Sacc. & Cav.) Syll. Fung. 16 : 995 (1902) H. viburni Petr.* Ann. Mycol. 23 : 116 (1925) " # $ % & ' ( ) *
Ellis & Everhart, North Am. Fungi, No. 2785, isotype in K Exsiccata ex Dearness, IMI 159730 Krieger, Fungi saxonici, No. 1998, in K Holotype, IMI 110566
Unknown
Conidia
Not a species of Hainesia (probably a species of Colletotrichum or Cryptocline). Not a species of Hainesia (probably a species of Leptodothiorella). Not a species of Hainesia (? ¯ Dothiorella sp.). ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). Conidia present in the type material are smaller than those of H. lythri. ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). Not a species of Hainesia (? ¯ Phomopsis sp.). Not a species of Hainesia (on the basis of the illustrations it is probably a species of Melasmia Le! v.). ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Reed & Farr (1993) ; but see Palm (1991) who considers it not to be conspecific with this species.
Table 2. Comparison of H. marsdeniae with published descriptions of Hainesia names
Host or substrate H. marsdeniae Punith. & Spooner ?Cornus sp. H. aurantiaca Massee Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew Endiandra insignis F. M. Bailey 1911 : 226 (1911) H. aurantii Henn. Hedwigia 41 : 104 Citrus aurantium L. (1902) H. borealis Ellis & Everh. J. Mycol. 5 : 156 Galium boreale (1889) H. castaneae Oudem." Ned. Kruidk. Arch. Ser. Castanea vesca Gaertn. (¯ C. sativa Mill.) 3, 2 : 755 (1902) H. corallina Sacc. & Fautrey# Rev. Mycol. Typha latifolia L. (Toulouse) 20 : 59 (1898) H. dietelii Oudem. Ned. Kruidk. Arch. Ser. 3, Quercus rubra L. (¯ Q. borealis Michx.) 2 : 755 (1902) H. epilobii A. G. Eliasson$ Bih. Kongl. Svenska Epilobium angustifolium L. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 22, Afd. III N.12 ; 16 (1897) 1896 H. feurichii Buba! k Ann. Mycol. 4 : 119 (1906) Prunus padus ?H. java (listed in Sylloge Fungorum 22 : 1563 (1913) but the description is untraceable) H. jabalpurensis V. P. Sahni Mycopath. Mycol. Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz (¯ W. Applic. 36 : 283 (1968) floribunda Salisb.) H. kolae Speg. Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires Sterculia acuminata Beauv. 20 : 400 (1910) H. lunata J. Kranz Sydowia 22 : 364 (1969) Dissotis paucistellata Stapf. 1968 H. lycopersici Speg.% Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Aires Ser. 2a, 6 : 327 (1899)
Setae with bulbous apex
Conidia
Present Unknown
14–15±5¬1±6–2 µm 10–12¬3–3±5 µm
Unknown
10–13¬4–6 µm
Unknown
5–7¬1 µm
Unknown
6–8¬3±5–4 µm
Unknown
10¬6 µm
Unknown
12–13¬5 µm
Unknown
6–9¬1±5 µm
Unknown
3–4¬1–1±5 µm
Unknown
4–8±4¬2–3 µm
Unknown
16–20¬4–5 µm
Unknown
5–6¬1±5–2 µm
Unknown
16¬6 µm
New species of Hainesia
1232
Table 2. (cont.)
H. lythri (Desm.) Ho$ hn. Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 115 : 687 (1906) H. maxillariae Speg.& Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 20 : 400 (1910) H. minutissima Buba! k & Vleugel Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 11 : 317 (1917) H. oleicola Speg.' Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 20 : 400 (1910) H. palmarum Keissl. Ann. Mycol. 7 : 292 (1909) H. piricola Oudem. Ned. Kruidk. Arch. Ser. 3, 2 : 897 (1903) H. rhoina (Sacc.) Ellis & Sacc. Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. rostrupii Oudem.( Ned. Kruidk. Arch. Ser. 3, 2 : 756 (1902) H. rubi (Westend.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. subtecta (Roberge) Grove) J. Bot. 70 : 4–5 (1932) H. taphrinioides D. Sacc. & Cav. Syll. Fung. 16 : 995 (1902) H. tellingsi Koorders Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch, Afd. Natuurk., Tweede Sect. 13 (4) : 215 (1907) H. tremellina (Sacc.) Sacc.* Syll. Fung. 3 : 699 (1884) H. versicolor (Berk. & M. A. Curtis)"! Speg., Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 20 : 401 (1910) H. viburni Petrak Ann. Mycol. 23 : 116 (1925) H. zavrelii-ignatii Picbauer Verh. Naturf. Vereins BruX nn. 68 : 42 (1937) " # $ % &
Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). ? ¯ Fusicoccum sp. ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). Probably ¯ Fusarium sp. or Cylindrocarpon sp. Probably not a Hainesia sp.
' ( ) * "!
Host or substrate
Setae with bulbous apex
Conidia
Lythrum sp.
Unknown
8–10¬1±5–2±5 µm
Maxillaria rufescens Lindl.
Unknown
12–18¬7–8 µm
Alnus incana (L.) Moench
Unknown
3–4¬2 µm
Olea europaea L.
Unknown
20¬5–6 µm
Areca rechingeriana Becc.
Unknown
12–15¬6 µm
Pyrus communis L.
Unknown
Unknown
Rhus glabra L.
Unknown
10–12¬3 µm
Quercus rubra
Unknown
6–8¬3–3±5 µm
Rubus sp.
Unknown
6–10¬2–3±5 µm
Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link
Unknown
5–7¬2–3 µm
Rhus oxyacanthoides
Unknown
4–7¬1–1±5 µm
Musa (Physocaulis) sp.
Unknown
5–5±5¬2 µm
Acer campestre L.
Unknown
8–9¬1±25 µm
Prunus persica Stokes
Unknown
12–18¬5 µm
Viburnum lantana Lythrum salicaria L.
Unknown Unknown
5–8¬1±5–2 µm 5±3–10±5¬1±5–2±6 µm
Probably not a Hainesia sp. ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). ¯ Fusarium sp. fide Reed & Farr (1993). ¯ Hainesia lythri fide Sutton (1980). Described with 1-septate conidia.
We thank Joan E. Woodhams for technical assistance. REFERENCES Dyko, B. J., Sutton, B. C. & Roquebert, M. F. (1979). The genus Protostegia. Mycologia 71, 918–934. Ho$ hnel F. von (1918). Fungi imperfecti. Beitra$ ge zur kenntnis derselben. 67. U> ber die Gattung Hainesia Ellis et Saccardo. Hedwigia 60, 163–165. Nag Raj, T. R. (1983). Vermiculariopsiella Bender, an earlier name for Oramasia Urries. Mycotaxon 18, 159–163. Palm, M. E. (1991). Taxonomy and morphology of the synanamorphs Pilidium concavum and Hainesia lythri (coelomycetes). Mycologia 83, 787–796. Reed, C. F. & Farr, D. F. (1993). Index to Saccardo’s Sylloge Fungorum volumes I–XXVI in XXIX 1882–1972. Contribution No. 31 of the Reed Library and Herbarium, Darlington, Maryland. Rose Printing Company, Inc. : Florida. Saccardo, P. A. (1884). Sylloge Fungorum 3, 698. (Accepted 2 December 1996)
Shear, L. & Dodge, B. O. (1921). The life history and identity of Patellina fragariae, Leptothyrium macrothecium and Peziza oenotherae. Mycologia 13, 135–170. Stolk, A. C. (1963). The genus Chaetomella Fuckel. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 46, 409–425. Sutton, B. C. (1980). The Coelomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institute : Kew. Sutton, B. C. (1986). Presidential Address : improvisations on conidial themes. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 86, 1–38. Sutton, B. C. & Minter, D. W. (1988). Omega coenobiticum gen. et sp. nov., a new cupulate coelomycete on Quercus from Greece. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 91, 715–717. Sutton, B. C. & Sarbhoy, A. K. (1976). Revision of Chaetomella, and comments upon Vermiculariopsis and Thyriochaetum. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 66, 297–303. Swift, M. E. (1930). A new species of Chaetomella on Rose. Mycologia 22, 165–168.