A Qualitative Study Exploring Perception and Attitudes of Community Pharmacists About Extended Pharmacy Services in Lahore, Pakistan

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In addition to clinical benefits, the use of this advanced, automated, non-invasive TMS could be economically beneficial and lead to savings.

PHS153 Manufacturers’ And Pharmacists’ Satisfaction with Different Pharmaceutical Distribution Models in Europe Walter E, Lazic-Peric A Institute for Pharmaeconomic Research, Vienna, Austria

Objectives: The pharmaceutical wholesale industry serves as the vital link between manufacturers and 183,591 dispensing-points in Europe. One of the sector’s major business objectives is total customer satisfaction. To assess satisfaction, a questionnaire was designed to assess (a) which distribution model manufacturers prefer for diverse product-categories (innovative-drugs, generics or OTC´s); and (b) how satisfied pharmaceutical manufacturers and pharmacists are with deliveries (delivery-time and frequency) from full-line-wholesalers (FLW),shortline-wholesalers (SLW), direct-sales from manufacturers to pharmacies (DTP), or third-party-logistics-service-providers (3PLs) in Europe. The questionnaires were circulated in six key-markets– Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and the UK.  Methods: Necessary data were obtained from two online questionnaires (December 2015-April 2016) that were directed to manufacturers (n= 123) and pharmacies (n= 372).  Results: For delivery of innovative-medicines the FLW was chosen by 29% of manufacturers and the SLW by 12%. More than 33% were distributed by 3PLs and 23% by DTP. In case of generics, 33% of medicines were delivered via FLW, 13% via SLW, 33% by 3PLs and 22% by DTP. OTC’s were mainly distributed by FLW (40%). The majority of the manufacturers were satisfied with the distribution of products through FLW (78%), 57% with deliveries using SLW, 84% of manufacturers with their selected 3PL and 69% with DTP deliveries. From pharmacists’ perspective, 88% were satisfied with the deliveries from FLW, 61% with deliveries from SLW, and 57% with DTP deliveries. Regarding the delivery-time offered by FLW, 94% of pharmacists were satisfied. 69% with the delivery-time offered by SLW and only 34% with delivery times via DTP models. Among pharmacists, the highest levels of dissatisfaction were with the DTP model (22%) and its delivery-time (34%). In terms of region, the highest degree of dissatisfaction with DTP was noted in the UK.  Conclusions: Results demonstrate that pharmacists’ perception of distribution models do not correspond with manufacturers’ motivation of distributor selection. PHS154 Comprehensive Evaluation of Health Care Workers Perceptions and Attitude on Pharmacists Involvement in Ward Round in Three Tertiary Hospitals in South-East Nigeria Ogbonna BO NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA, ANAMBRA STATE, Nigeria

Objectives: Limited documented studies exist on pharmacists ward round practices following the paradigm shift from product to patient oriented pharmacy practice. This study assessed physicians, and nurses perceptions and attitude towards pharmacists ward round practices.  Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey of eligible physicians, pharmacists, and nurses who gave their informed consent was carried out in three tertiary hospitals using validated and self-administered questionnaires. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at p< 0.05 level of significance. Study took place between September 2014 and August 2015.  Results: A total of 89 (31%) physicians, 72 (25%) pharmacists, and 124(44%) nurses took part in the study. The physicians who had basic qualifications were 32 (36%), pharmacists 30 (42%) and nurses 60 (48%). The mean years of practice for physicians were 9.5±0.4, pharmacists, 8.5±0.9, and nurses 9.1±0.7. Physicians (65%) and nurses (82%) believed that corporate with them in designing and implementing patients care plan, p= 0.011. Physicians (63% and nurses (81%) believed that pharmacists interventions during ward rounds prevent drug therapy problems, p=  0.045. physicians (64%) and nurses (68%) believed that pharmacists intervention in medication therapy reduces physicians on drug therapy monitoring, p=  0.004. Pharmacists involvement in direct patient care reduce cost of therapy; physicians (51%), nurses (58), p=  0.000. Pharmacists provide drug education services to patients and members of the health care team, physicians (62%), nurses (50%), p=  0.000. The presence of pharmacists on ward rounds improve the accuracy of drug history documentation and development of disease specific treatment guidelines, physicians (66%), nurses (48%), p=  0.000. Pharmacists are integral members of the health care team, physicians (91%), nurses (83), p=  0.041.  Conclusions: Physicians and nurses have positive perceptions and attitude towards pharmacists’ involvement in ward round. PHS155 Assessment of Knowledge of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Amongst School-Going Adolescent Girls Bokolia R K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, AHMEDABAD, India

Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate insight about the knowledge of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) amongst school-going adolescent girls.  Methods: A descriptive study was done with 307 females aged 12-16 years school-going adolescents, where data were collected from the adolescents meeting the inclusion criteria. The girls who are in pre-menstrual phase were excluded from the study. The study was performed using a structured questionnaire of 14-questions that required respondents to anonymously respond questions relating to the knowledge of UTI.  Results: Out of 307 school-going adolescent girls, 202 (65.79%) had no knowledge of UTI whereas 105 (34.21%), due to history, had knowledge of UTI. The questions concerning hygiene, it was discovered that out of the total assessed population, 121(39.41%) wash their vaginal area after urination whereas 186 (60.58%) are not washing. Further 270(87.94%) girls change sanitary pads more than one time in a day during menstruation. It is also found that 156(50.81%) girls consult physician if UTI symptoms occur.  Conclusions: Based on fallout from the study,

there are still major gaps in the knowledge about UTI and many of the school-going adolescent girls though unaware, are at high risk of UTI. Ignorance of hygiene, symptoms and risk factors may front to unidentified cases of UTI and likely go on without medical intervention thus degenerating into serious urinary and genital tract complications. This calls for an urgent need for educational talks periodically addressing these gaps. PHS156 The German Pain Practice Registry – A New Way to Use Real-Time Sampled Routine Data For Health-Care Research Ueberall MA1, Mueller-Schwefe GH2 1IFNAP, Nuernberg, Germany, 2German

Pain Association, Goeppingen, Germany

Objectives: To develop a cloud-based, sector-crossing patient/physician-driven web-application to sample anonymized real-time multidimensional routine data on pain type, clinical phenomenology, bio-psycho-social status, diagnosis and response to treatment of patients suffering from chronic pain for health-care research purposes (HCR).  Methods: Based on validated patient-reported multidimensional pain questionnaires, the web-based online application iDocLive® has been developed for patients suffering from chronic pain to improve diagnostic as well as therapeutic strategies by the real-time evaluation of routine data and offered to members of the German Pain Association free of charge. Data are entered by patients, therapists and centre staff via secured online pathways and authorized electronic devices (e.g. smartphones, phablets/tablets or desktop computers), merged, encrypted and stored on secured server banks in Germany to grant worldwide real-time access by authorized participants. In accordance with data protection guidelines, patients and physicians agreed by written informed consent with the transfer of anonymized data copies into the German Pain Practice Registry (GPPR) for HCR.  Results: Until June 20, 2016 the GPPR contained data of 122.976 patient cases, 611.611 questionnaires, 4.2 million validated instruments with ~22.5 million variables on patient-relevant bio-psycho-social aspects of pain, pain-related interferences with daily life and quality-of-life, as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Spectrum of pain disorders is wide – covering back pain (52.3%), headaches (9.6%), arthralgia (15.8%), neuropathic pain (9.5%) and others (12.8%) – and offers together with a growth rate of ~200 new patient records per day a rapidly proliferating basis for pain-related HCR approaches.  Conclusions: Routine-data based HCR gains increasing importance for evidence-based decision processes and complements results of randomized controlled trials. With its real-time access to routine data on patient-reported information of disease status, treatments, treatment response and patient-relevant outcomes, the GPPR represents an ideal basis for cross-sectional as well as longitudinal HCR analyses. PHS157 A Qualitative Study Exploring Perception and Attitudes of Community Pharmacists About Extended Pharmacy Services in Lahore, Pakistan Hashmi FK1, Hassali MA1, Saleem F1, Babar ZU2 1Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia, 2The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Objectives: In recent decades, community pharmacies reported a change of business model, whereby a shift from traditional services to the provision of extended roles was observed. However, such delivery of extended pharmacy services (EPS) is reported from the developed world, and there is scarcity of information from the developing nations. Within this context, the present study was aimed to explore knowledge, perception and attitude of community pharmacists (CPs) about EPS and their readiness and acceptance to practice change in the city of Lahore, Pakistan.  Methods: A qualitative approach was used to gain an in-depth knowledge of the issues. By using a semi-structured interview guide, 12 CPs practicing in the city of Lahore, Pakistan were conveniently selected. All interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and were then analyzed for thematic contents by the standard content analysis framework.  Results: Twelve CPs were interviwed. Thematic content analysis yielded five major themes. (1) Familiarity with EPS, (2) current practice of EPS, (3) training needed to provide EPS, (4) acceptance of EPS and (5) barriers toward EPS. Majority of the CPs were unaware of EPS and only a handful had the concept of extended services. Although majority of our study respondents were unaware of pharmaceutical care, they were ready to accept practice change if provided with the required skills and training. Lack of personal knowledge, poor public awareness, inadequate physician-pharmacist collaboration and deprived salary structures were reported as barriers towards the provision of EPS at the practice settings.  Conclusions: Although the study reported poor awareness towards EPS, the findings indicated a number of key themes that can be used in establishing the concept of EPS in Pakistan. Over all, CPs reported a positive attitude toward practice change provided to the support and facilitation of health and community based agencies in Pakistan. PHS158 Methodology of Research to Determine Cost and Utility of Pilot One-Stop Fertility Clinic Versus Traditional NHS Fertility Investigation Pathway Batwala M1, Child T1, Harty GT2, Huggins T2 University, Oxford, UK, 2Merck Serono, London, UK

1Oxford

Objectives: Here we outline the methodology that will be used in a study assessing the health economics of investigating infertility. Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCG) make budgetary decisions for the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK including fertility investigation and treatment. One-Stop fertility clinics are increasing in popularity, especially in the private sector in the UK. Compared to “traditional” NHS fertility investigation clinics, they are thought to offer a more “rapid assessment” of couples by 1: Decreasing the number of clinic visits, 2: Reducing the presentation-to-treatment interval, 3: Reducing the cost of diagnosis, 4: Improving the couples Quality of Life (QOL).  Methods: An observational study assessing 300