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AAMD directed journal reading program
Medical Dosimetry, Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 233-239, 2006 Copyright © 2006 American Association of Medical Dosimetrists Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0958-3947/06/$–see front matter
doi:10.1016/S0958-3947(06)00057-4
233
234
Medical Dosimetry
Volume 31, Number 3, 2006
DIRECTED JOURNAL READINGS THESE MANUSCRIPTS CAN BE FOUND IN DOSIMETRY, VOL. 31 NO. 1
MEDICAL
REFERENCE NO. 31-3 EXPIRATION DATE: September 30, 2007 All certified medical dosimetrists, who participate in the MDCB Continuing Competency Program, are eligible to enroll in this yearly program. CMD's who correctly score a minimum of 2/3rds of questions will receive the MDCB approved credit in their AAMD Home Study Record. Members may take the quizzes ON-LINE at NO COST. Please go to www.medicaldosimetry.org/djr/category.asp The individual will receive immediate feedback. If the quiz is not successfully completed, it may be taken up to three times, although only once per day. All certified medical dosimetrists participating in the AAMD Directed Journal Reading Program will receive a yearly transcript of credit awarded for their personal record. Non-members may take the quizzes for a fee of $50.00 per quiz. Please make the check payable to AAMD and mail it with your answer sheet. Please go to www.medicaldosimetry.org/djr/category.asp and follow the directions. At the time of printing, the committee had not yet heard from MDCB with the point value or reference numbers. These numbers are posted with the quizzes on the website. To earn credits with the MDCB, CMDs must submit a certificate of attendance, transcript or some other proof of attendance or passing of self-test with the reference numbers listed provided by the activity sponsor. In order to receive proof of passing, print out the status screen at the time of passing the quizzes. This should then be submitted to MDCB. Beginning with Vol. 32-1 the quizzes will no longer be published in the journal. They will only be available on-line.
AAMD Directed Journal Reading Program
235
DIRECTED JOURNAL READING SELF TEST 31-3 Reference number MDCB-106-754 2.0 CEU points TEST TO BE TAKEN ON-LINE AT www.medicaldosimetry.org/djr/category.asp
MEGAVOLTAGE CONE-BEAM CT: SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OLIVER MORIN, B.S.E., AMY GILLIS, M.D., JOSEPHINE CHEN, Ph.D., MICHELE AUBIN, M.S.E.E., M. KARA BUCCI, M.D., MACK ROACH, III, M.D. AND JEAN POULIOT, Ph.D. THIS MANUSCRIPT IS FOUND IN MEDICAL DOSIMETRY, VOL. 31, NO. 1
1.
2.
3
Possibilities of clinical applications with the MV CBCT system could include which of the following? 1. monitoring of intrafraction motion of high-contrast features 2. portal imaging 3. monitoring fiducial markers using a flat panel in cine mode 4. tailor the treatment plan for future fractions to account for individual variations 5. perform 3D setup based on bony anatomy a. 1&2 d. 1, 2, 3, & 4 b. 1, 2, & 3 e. all of the above c. 2, 3, & 4 MV CBCT complements planning for the patient with dense metal objects for which of the following reason(s)? 1. little impact is seen with material that has a high atomic number 2. visualization of the dense metal object is clearly demonstrated 3. HDR brachytherapy catheters can be visualized without loss of other information 4. soft tissue is completely obliterated 5. cannot render the 3D object correctly a. 1 only d. 4 & 5 b. 2 only e. 1, 2, & 3 c. 4 only According to the article, which of the following best identifies the benefits of IGRT? 1. the technology is used in the treatment room for convenience 2. tissue toxicity rates are lowered 3. tumor control is improved 4. radiation dose conformality to the tumor is better 5. computed tomography has been replaced by less-costly IGRT a. 1&3 b. 1&4 d. 1, 2, 3, & 4 c. 2, 3, 4, & 5 e. all of the above
4.
According to the authors, what technical difficulties exist in the development of electronic portal imaging devices? a. mismatch of a 3D image onto a 2D plane b. the daily use of EPID results in additional and undesired exposure of radiation to the patient c. the patient must be re-scanned in the CT suite every day d. the patient’s anatomical data can be determined, but not positional information e. it is possible to mount a kilovoltage x-ray source to the treatment accelerator, but not detectors
5.
Which of the following best describes methods used to limit the scatter factor? 1. change the dose 2 choose a new field of view 3. select an appropriate voxel size 4. use an anti-scatter grid 5. apply post-processed 2D images on 3D reconstruction a. 1&3 b. 2&4 d. 1, 4, & 5 c. 1, 3, & 5 e. all of the above
6.
How is the effect of mechanical sag associated with gantry rotation corrected when using EPID? 1. through a geometric calibration 2. by determining a correction factor 3. by adjusting the room lasers 4. by replacing mechanical supports on a scheduled basis 5. no correction is required since the Linac x-ray source and EPID positioner never lose their isocentric positions a. 1 only b. 2 only d. 2&3 c. 5 only e. 2, 3, & 4
236
Medical Dosimetry
Volume 31, Number 3, 2006
Page 2 Test: “IGRT with MV CBCT” 7.
Organs may change in size, shape, and position from day to day and week to week due to which of the following? 1. tumor shrinkage 2. weight loss 3. patient’s reaction to RT 4. surgical intervention 5. normal anatomical variability a. 1, 2, 3, & 4 b. 1, 2, 3, & 5 d. 1, 3, 4, & 5 c. 1, 2, 4, & 5 e. 2, 3, 4, & 5
8.
The magnitude of scatter reaching the detector depends on which of the following? 1. primary fluence pattern 2. field size 3. object-to-detector distance 4. photon energy 5. object size and composition a. 1, 2, 3, & 4 b. 1, 2, 3, & 5 d. 1, 3, 4, & 5 c. 1, 2, 4, & 5 e. 2, 3, 4, & 5
9.
When treating the prostate without image-guided prostate localization, which of the following can be affected due to rectal distension? 1. local control 2. biochemical control rates 3. rectal toxicity 4. femoral head toxicity a. 1, 2, & 3 b. 1, 2, & 4 d. all of the above c. 1, 3, & 4 e. none of the above
10.
According to this article, which of the following is TRUE regarding soft tissue visualization using kv and MV imaging? 1. Compton scattering provides the least beam attenuation 2. contrast is determined by the differential attenuation of the beam through different tissues 3. the visibility of low contrast objects like the prostate depends on the contrast to noise ratio 4. noise is the absorption of photons as well as any unwanted radiation a. 2&3 b. 1&4 d. all of the above c. 1, 3, & 4 e. none of the above
11.
According to this article, which of these statement(s) is TRUE? 1. a validation study of dose calculation using MV CBCT in a commercial planning system was performed to assess the dose calculation accuracy 2. the isodoses and DVH’s for the regular CT and the MV CBCT were in good agreement 3. a beta function was computed to compare the 2 dose distributions quantitatively 4. the dose calculation accuracy using MV CBCT was better than 3% or 2 mm everywhere 5. MV CBCT can monitor the dosimetrical impact of setup errors and weight loss a. 2, 3, & 5 b. 3, 4, & 5 d. all of the above c. 1, 2, & 5 e. none of the above
AAMD Directed Journal Reading Program
237
DIRECTED JOURNAL READING SELF TEST 31-3A Reference number MDCB-106-755 2.0 CEU points TEST TO BE TAKEN ON-LINE AT www.medicaldosimetry.org/djr/category.asp
ADVANCES IN IMAGE-GUIDED RADIATION THERAPY – THE ROLE OF PET-CT DWIGHT E. HERON, M.D., RYAN P. SMITH, M.D., AND REGIANE S. ANDRADE, M.D. THIS MANUSCRIPT IS FOUND IN MEDICAL DOSIMETRY, VOL. 31 NO. 1
1.
2.
3.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are TRUE regarding PET? 1. due to the lack of anatomic detail, PETonly images are difficult for radiation treatment planning 2. altered metabolic characteristics of tumor cells compared to its surroundings is the fundamental basis of PET 3. detectors in PET scanners are on opposite sides of the photon emitting region 4. a PET physiologic limitation can be the different levels of uptake by normal structures 5. sensitivity and specificity of PET-CT is superior to that of PET or CT alone a. 1&2 d. all of the above b. 2, 3, & 4 e. none of the above c. 1, 3, 4, & 5 Which radio-tracer(s) use(s) the function mechanism of blood flow for brain tumors? 18 1. F-FUdR 18 2. F-FDG 3. H2 15O 4. fluoromisonidazole 15 5. C-O2 a. 1 only d. 2 & 3 b. 2 only e. 1 & 4 c. 5 only CT provides customary anatomic details necessary for radiation treatment planning but has limitations such as: 1. difficulty with identification of small tumor deposits 2. difficulty with identification of tumor extension 3. difficulty differentiating tumor from scar tissues in patients who have previously had surgery or radiation 4. difficulty evaluating bone invasion a. 1&2 d. 3 & 4 b. 1&3 e. all of the above c. 1, 2, & 3
4.
Traditionally, which of the following formed the basis of early image guidance for radiation treatment planning? 1. the known anatomic relationship of organs, nodal chains, and bony anatomy 2. ultrasound-based target definition 3. computed tomography 4. MRI and MRS 5. Fluoroscopy a. 1&3 b. 1, 2, & 3 d. 2 & 4 c. 3&5 e. 1 & 5
5.
Which of the following is/are TRUE of the fundamental basis of positron emission tomography? 1. strong dependence of altered metabolic characteristics of tumor cells compared to normal tissue 2. uncontrolled cellular proliferation provides a perfect target for diagnosis and evaluation 3. the glucose monologue FDG, is the most commonly utilized tracer in oncology 4. because of the differences between malignant and normal cells, several different radiotracers have been developed 5. the radiotracer FDG is administered orally a. 1, 2, & 3 b. 2, 3, & 4 d. 1, 4, & 5 c. 3, 4, & 5 e. 1, 2, & 4
6.
According to the authors, which particular characteristic(s) of the FDG-6-PO4 radiotracer makes imaging of diseased areas possible? 1. dissimilar degrees of metabolic activity in cancer cells and normal tissue 2. unalterable metabolic characteristics of cancer cells 3. the absence of a membrane-bound glucose transporter 4. the accumulation of FDG-6-PO4 within the extra cellular space 5. a patient glycolytic pathway for FDG-6-PO4 a. 1&3 b. 2&4 d. 2, 3, & 4 c. 1&4 e. 1, 4, & 5
238
Medical Dosimetry
Volume 31, Number 3, 2006
Page 2 Test: “PET-CT for radiation planning in image-guidance” 7.
PET works by detecting photons that are emitted from the positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals. The photons have a specific energy of _____ kev and are always emitted ____ degrees from each other. a. 0.511, 90 b. 511, 180 c. 0.511, 180 d. 511, 90
8.
According to this article, which of the following is TRUE regarding PET and PET-CT for lung cancer? 1. lung cancer is responsible for more deaths than any other cancer in the US 2. PET scans improve the detection of distant metastasis over conventional staging alone 3. the main source of false positives seen in PET staging of the mediastinum has been small tumors 4. false positives are caused by spread of the primary tumor into the mediastinum 5. false positives are often caused by benign inflammatory diseases a. 2&4 b. 3, 4, & 5 d. all of the above c. 1, 2, & 5 e. none of the above
9.
Advantages of PET-CT over CT alone for treatment planning include which of the following? 1. appraisal of extent of disease 2. lack of anatomic detail 3. differentiates tumor from scar tissue 4. co-registration of functional and morphologic information in a single imaging procedure 5. assessment of response to cytoxic therapy a. 1, 2, 3, & 4 b. 1, 2, 4, & 5 d. 2, 3, 4, & 5 c. 1, 3, 4, & 5 e. all of the above
10.
PET scan improves detection of distant metastasis in which of the following sites? 1. bone 2. adrenal 3. lung 4. brain 5. liver a. 1, 2, & 3 b. 1, 3, & 5 d. 2, 4, & 5 c. 2, 3, & 4 e. 3, 4, & 5
11.
Which of the following is TRUE regarding PET and PET-CT in H&N cancers according to this article? 1. PET-CT is superior to CT alone in geographic localization of disease in dissected neck nodes 2. PET-CT based planning resulted in a larger PTV 3. almost 50% of all H&N cancers present with stage III/IV disease 4. PET-CT identified nodal disease in 2 patients considered to be node negative by CT alone a. 2 &3 b. 1&4 d. all of the above c. 1, 2, & 3 e. none of the above
AAMD Directed Journal Reading Program
239
DIRECTED READING ANSWER SHEET
THESE ANSWERS ARE TO POST QUIZZES PUBLISHED IN MEDICAL DOSIMETRY,
VOL. 30 NO. 2 REFERENCE NO 29-4 EXPIRATION DATE: June 30, 2006
DIRECTED READING ANSWERS
A GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR AUTOMATIC IMAGE REGISTRATION SOFTWARE DESIGNED FOR RADIOTHERAPY TREATMENT PLANNING (DJR 30-2) 1. __D____
7. ___A___
2. __E____
8. ___B___
3. __D____
9. ___A___
4. __D____
10. ___A___
5. __A____
11. __B___
6. __E____
12. __B___
APPLICATION OF INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC MALIGNANCIES (DJR 30-2A) 1. __C____
7. __C___
2. __C____
8. __E___
3. __D___
9. __D____
4. __B___
10. __D____
5. __C____
11. __C___
6. __A____
doi:10.1016/S0958-3947(06)00057-4
233
234
Medical Dosimetry
Volume 31, Number 3, 2006
DIRECTED JOURNAL READINGS THESE MANUSCRIPTS CAN BE FOUND IN DOSIMETRY, VOL. 31 NO. 1
MEDICAL
REFERENCE NO. 31-3 EXPIRATION DATE: September 30, 2007 All certified medical dosimetrists, who participate in the MDCB Continuing Competency Program, are eligible to enroll in this yearly program. CMD's who correctly score a minimum of 2/3rds of questions will receive the MDCB approved credit in their AAMD Home Study Record. Members may take the quizzes ON-LINE at NO COST. Please go to www.medicaldosimetry.org/djr/category.asp The individual will receive immediate feedback. If the quiz is not successfully completed, it may be taken up to three times, although only once per day. All certified medical dosimetrists participating in the AAMD Directed Journal Reading Program will receive a yearly transcript of credit awarded for their personal record. Non-members may take the quizzes for a fee of $50.00 per quiz. Please make the check payable to AAMD and mail it with your answer sheet. Please go to www.medicaldosimetry.org/djr/category.asp and follow the directions. At the time of printing, the committee had not yet heard from MDCB with the point value or reference numbers. These numbers are posted with the quizzes on the website. To earn credits with the MDCB, CMDs must submit a certificate of attendance, transcript or some other proof of attendance or passing of self-test with the reference numbers listed provided by the activity sponsor. In order to receive proof of passing, print out the status screen at the time of passing the quizzes. This should then be submitted to MDCB. Beginning with Vol. 32-1 the quizzes will no longer be published in the journal. They will only be available on-line.
AAMD Directed Journal Reading Program
235
DIRECTED JOURNAL READING SELF TEST 31-3 Reference number MDCB-106-754 2.0 CEU points TEST TO BE TAKEN ON-LINE AT www.medicaldosimetry.org/djr/category.asp
MEGAVOLTAGE CONE-BEAM CT: SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OLIVER MORIN, B.S.E., AMY GILLIS, M.D., JOSEPHINE CHEN, Ph.D., MICHELE AUBIN, M.S.E.E., M. KARA BUCCI, M.D., MACK ROACH, III, M.D. AND JEAN POULIOT, Ph.D. THIS MANUSCRIPT IS FOUND IN MEDICAL DOSIMETRY, VOL. 31, NO. 1
1.
2.
3
Possibilities of clinical applications with the MV CBCT system could include which of the following? 1. monitoring of intrafraction motion of high-contrast features 2. portal imaging 3. monitoring fiducial markers using a flat panel in cine mode 4. tailor the treatment plan for future fractions to account for individual variations 5. perform 3D setup based on bony anatomy a. 1&2 d. 1, 2, 3, & 4 b. 1, 2, & 3 e. all of the above c. 2, 3, & 4 MV CBCT complements planning for the patient with dense metal objects for which of the following reason(s)? 1. little impact is seen with material that has a high atomic number 2. visualization of the dense metal object is clearly demonstrated 3. HDR brachytherapy catheters can be visualized without loss of other information 4. soft tissue is completely obliterated 5. cannot render the 3D object correctly a. 1 only d. 4 & 5 b. 2 only e. 1, 2, & 3 c. 4 only According to the article, which of the following best identifies the benefits of IGRT? 1. the technology is used in the treatment room for convenience 2. tissue toxicity rates are lowered 3. tumor control is improved 4. radiation dose conformality to the tumor is better 5. computed tomography has been replaced by less-costly IGRT a. 1&3 b. 1&4 d. 1, 2, 3, & 4 c. 2, 3, 4, & 5 e. all of the above
4.
According to the authors, what technical difficulties exist in the development of electronic portal imaging devices? a. mismatch of a 3D image onto a 2D plane b. the daily use of EPID results in additional and undesired exposure of radiation to the patient c. the patient must be re-scanned in the CT suite every day d. the patient’s anatomical data can be determined, but not positional information e. it is possible to mount a kilovoltage x-ray source to the treatment accelerator, but not detectors
5.
Which of the following best describes methods used to limit the scatter factor? 1. change the dose 2 choose a new field of view 3. select an appropriate voxel size 4. use an anti-scatter grid 5. apply post-processed 2D images on 3D reconstruction a. 1&3 b. 2&4 d. 1, 4, & 5 c. 1, 3, & 5 e. all of the above
6.
How is the effect of mechanical sag associated with gantry rotation corrected when using EPID? 1. through a geometric calibration 2. by determining a correction factor 3. by adjusting the room lasers 4. by replacing mechanical supports on a scheduled basis 5. no correction is required since the Linac x-ray source and EPID positioner never lose their isocentric positions a. 1 only b. 2 only d. 2&3 c. 5 only e. 2, 3, & 4
236
Medical Dosimetry
Volume 31, Number 3, 2006
Page 2 Test: “IGRT with MV CBCT” 7.
Organs may change in size, shape, and position from day to day and week to week due to which of the following? 1. tumor shrinkage 2. weight loss 3. patient’s reaction to RT 4. surgical intervention 5. normal anatomical variability a. 1, 2, 3, & 4 b. 1, 2, 3, & 5 d. 1, 3, 4, & 5 c. 1, 2, 4, & 5 e. 2, 3, 4, & 5
8.
The magnitude of scatter reaching the detector depends on which of the following? 1. primary fluence pattern 2. field size 3. object-to-detector distance 4. photon energy 5. object size and composition a. 1, 2, 3, & 4 b. 1, 2, 3, & 5 d. 1, 3, 4, & 5 c. 1, 2, 4, & 5 e. 2, 3, 4, & 5
9.
When treating the prostate without image-guided prostate localization, which of the following can be affected due to rectal distension? 1. local control 2. biochemical control rates 3. rectal toxicity 4. femoral head toxicity a. 1, 2, & 3 b. 1, 2, & 4 d. all of the above c. 1, 3, & 4 e. none of the above
10.
According to this article, which of the following is TRUE regarding soft tissue visualization using kv and MV imaging? 1. Compton scattering provides the least beam attenuation 2. contrast is determined by the differential attenuation of the beam through different tissues 3. the visibility of low contrast objects like the prostate depends on the contrast to noise ratio 4. noise is the absorption of photons as well as any unwanted radiation a. 2&3 b. 1&4 d. all of the above c. 1, 3, & 4 e. none of the above
11.
According to this article, which of these statement(s) is TRUE? 1. a validation study of dose calculation using MV CBCT in a commercial planning system was performed to assess the dose calculation accuracy 2. the isodoses and DVH’s for the regular CT and the MV CBCT were in good agreement 3. a beta function was computed to compare the 2 dose distributions quantitatively 4. the dose calculation accuracy using MV CBCT was better than 3% or 2 mm everywhere 5. MV CBCT can monitor the dosimetrical impact of setup errors and weight loss a. 2, 3, & 5 b. 3, 4, & 5 d. all of the above c. 1, 2, & 5 e. none of the above
AAMD Directed Journal Reading Program
237
DIRECTED JOURNAL READING SELF TEST 31-3A Reference number MDCB-106-755 2.0 CEU points TEST TO BE TAKEN ON-LINE AT www.medicaldosimetry.org/djr/category.asp
ADVANCES IN IMAGE-GUIDED RADIATION THERAPY – THE ROLE OF PET-CT DWIGHT E. HERON, M.D., RYAN P. SMITH, M.D., AND REGIANE S. ANDRADE, M.D. THIS MANUSCRIPT IS FOUND IN MEDICAL DOSIMETRY, VOL. 31 NO. 1
1.
2.
3.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are TRUE regarding PET? 1. due to the lack of anatomic detail, PETonly images are difficult for radiation treatment planning 2. altered metabolic characteristics of tumor cells compared to its surroundings is the fundamental basis of PET 3. detectors in PET scanners are on opposite sides of the photon emitting region 4. a PET physiologic limitation can be the different levels of uptake by normal structures 5. sensitivity and specificity of PET-CT is superior to that of PET or CT alone a. 1&2 d. all of the above b. 2, 3, & 4 e. none of the above c. 1, 3, 4, & 5 Which radio-tracer(s) use(s) the function mechanism of blood flow for brain tumors? 18 1. F-FUdR 18 2. F-FDG 3. H2 15O 4. fluoromisonidazole 15 5. C-O2 a. 1 only d. 2 & 3 b. 2 only e. 1 & 4 c. 5 only CT provides customary anatomic details necessary for radiation treatment planning but has limitations such as: 1. difficulty with identification of small tumor deposits 2. difficulty with identification of tumor extension 3. difficulty differentiating tumor from scar tissues in patients who have previously had surgery or radiation 4. difficulty evaluating bone invasion a. 1&2 d. 3 & 4 b. 1&3 e. all of the above c. 1, 2, & 3
4.
Traditionally, which of the following formed the basis of early image guidance for radiation treatment planning? 1. the known anatomic relationship of organs, nodal chains, and bony anatomy 2. ultrasound-based target definition 3. computed tomography 4. MRI and MRS 5. Fluoroscopy a. 1&3 b. 1, 2, & 3 d. 2 & 4 c. 3&5 e. 1 & 5
5.
Which of the following is/are TRUE of the fundamental basis of positron emission tomography? 1. strong dependence of altered metabolic characteristics of tumor cells compared to normal tissue 2. uncontrolled cellular proliferation provides a perfect target for diagnosis and evaluation 3. the glucose monologue FDG, is the most commonly utilized tracer in oncology 4. because of the differences between malignant and normal cells, several different radiotracers have been developed 5. the radiotracer FDG is administered orally a. 1, 2, & 3 b. 2, 3, & 4 d. 1, 4, & 5 c. 3, 4, & 5 e. 1, 2, & 4
6.
According to the authors, which particular characteristic(s) of the FDG-6-PO4 radiotracer makes imaging of diseased areas possible? 1. dissimilar degrees of metabolic activity in cancer cells and normal tissue 2. unalterable metabolic characteristics of cancer cells 3. the absence of a membrane-bound glucose transporter 4. the accumulation of FDG-6-PO4 within the extra cellular space 5. a patient glycolytic pathway for FDG-6-PO4 a. 1&3 b. 2&4 d. 2, 3, & 4 c. 1&4 e. 1, 4, & 5
238
Medical Dosimetry
Volume 31, Number 3, 2006
Page 2 Test: “PET-CT for radiation planning in image-guidance” 7.
PET works by detecting photons that are emitted from the positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals. The photons have a specific energy of _____ kev and are always emitted ____ degrees from each other. a. 0.511, 90 b. 511, 180 c. 0.511, 180 d. 511, 90
8.
According to this article, which of the following is TRUE regarding PET and PET-CT for lung cancer? 1. lung cancer is responsible for more deaths than any other cancer in the US 2. PET scans improve the detection of distant metastasis over conventional staging alone 3. the main source of false positives seen in PET staging of the mediastinum has been small tumors 4. false positives are caused by spread of the primary tumor into the mediastinum 5. false positives are often caused by benign inflammatory diseases a. 2&4 b. 3, 4, & 5 d. all of the above c. 1, 2, & 5 e. none of the above
9.
Advantages of PET-CT over CT alone for treatment planning include which of the following? 1. appraisal of extent of disease 2. lack of anatomic detail 3. differentiates tumor from scar tissue 4. co-registration of functional and morphologic information in a single imaging procedure 5. assessment of response to cytoxic therapy a. 1, 2, 3, & 4 b. 1, 2, 4, & 5 d. 2, 3, 4, & 5 c. 1, 3, 4, & 5 e. all of the above
10.
PET scan improves detection of distant metastasis in which of the following sites? 1. bone 2. adrenal 3. lung 4. brain 5. liver a. 1, 2, & 3 b. 1, 3, & 5 d. 2, 4, & 5 c. 2, 3, & 4 e. 3, 4, & 5
11.
Which of the following is TRUE regarding PET and PET-CT in H&N cancers according to this article? 1. PET-CT is superior to CT alone in geographic localization of disease in dissected neck nodes 2. PET-CT based planning resulted in a larger PTV 3. almost 50% of all H&N cancers present with stage III/IV disease 4. PET-CT identified nodal disease in 2 patients considered to be node negative by CT alone a. 2 &3 b. 1&4 d. all of the above c. 1, 2, & 3 e. none of the above
AAMD Directed Journal Reading Program
239
DIRECTED READING ANSWER SHEET
THESE ANSWERS ARE TO POST QUIZZES PUBLISHED IN MEDICAL DOSIMETRY,
VOL. 30 NO. 2 REFERENCE NO 29-4 EXPIRATION DATE: June 30, 2006
DIRECTED READING ANSWERS
A GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE FOR AUTOMATIC IMAGE REGISTRATION SOFTWARE DESIGNED FOR RADIOTHERAPY TREATMENT PLANNING (DJR 30-2) 1. __D____
7. ___A___
2. __E____
8. ___B___
3. __D____
9. ___A___
4. __D____
10. ___A___
5. __A____
11. __B___
6. __E____
12. __B___
APPLICATION OF INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY FOR PEDIATRIC MALIGNANCIES (DJR 30-2A) 1. __C____
7. __C___
2. __C____
8. __E___
3. __D___
9. __D____
4. __B___
10. __D____
5. __C____
11. __C___
6. __A____