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ABDOMINAL LEVELS.
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pleura render any subsequent ordinary radiogram and Colonial ships-surgeons scalded their amputating of the thorax particularly obscure. If such a patient knives, thinking by doing so to diminish the pain of has a recrudescence of symptoms, as occurred in the the cut, and so anticipated Lister. In the Chinesethree cases described by Dr. Archibald, accurate Japanese War the medical station was single, and it diagnosis is impossible without the use of lipiodol is on record that all the doctors and medical equipinjection. This recent work is of importance in ment of a ship were sometimes lost by a single shell introducing a comparatively harmless method of explosion. Dressing stations were thereafter divided injecting lipiodol and in establishing the fact that and put behind armour. The first " hospital for this oil is apparently non-irritant even to tuberculous battle " was provided in the plans of the Tsarevitch in lesions. The application of both these facts still 1903. Admiral Stitt recounts the horrors of the defeat further extends the use of this already useful at Tsushima, when the ship Askold had one dressing station in the torpedo room, and two auxiliary substance. forward and aft, in charge of " feldshers," stations, ABDOMINAL LEVELS. a word which recalls the " field shearer " or barber. IT is a commonplace of information, not only among Even at Jutland the ship’s barber was among the surgeons and anatomists, but also among students, ambulance party on Seydlitz. After reviewing reports that the abdominal viscera are not always arranged of many recent naval engagements, Admiral Stitt within the cavity in absolute accordance with the concludes that two or more dressing stations must in simple plan that adorns all anatomical diagrams of future be available below the protective deck, and in the contents of the belly. We are not referring to the the latest ships of the U.S. Navy a third is planned morphologically interesting examples of abnormal for the engine-room. Accessibility is difficult to situation which are met with occasionally, but to what attain now that ships are so much cut up into small may be termed exaggerated lowness of levels with sections as a protection against poison gas. For the normal general arrangement. The transverse colon, same reason it must be possible to shut off the plenum placed in the pictures above the umbilicus, is more ventilation without a moment’s delay. A perfect often found below-and well below-that point, and stretcher for naval use is still wanting ; Admiral Stitt the stomach levels are no less striking in their varia- mentions the Neil Robertson with approval, but in tions. Anatomically, it would seem natural to give the future the wounded seaman may be removed on to these freely movable viscera a wide latitude in an ambulance aeroplane and the naval hospital ship of small come to resemble the aeroplane carrier. levels, associated with changes in the content Every " intestine, and reserve narrow limits of normality " naval medical officer will be grateful to the Surgeonfor the colon on each side, where it is secondarily General of the U.S. Navy, to whom we already are fixed to the dorsal wall. Among the interesting papers indebted for an admirable laboratory manual, for the presented at the meeting of the Anatomical Society on picture he has given of life on shipboard in past Nov. 20th was one by Prof. R. J. Moody, who has been times, and for his glimpse into the future. for some little time in this country. He had been able, by radiological methods, to estimate the position NINETEENTH CENTURY SCIENTISTS. of the stomach, colon, and edge of the liver in BURNS’S well-known aspiration that we might see 1000 students in California and, in demonstrating his results before the Society, showed how much these ourselves as others see us is one which workers in the normal and healthy young people differed in respect field of natural science should bear in mind. There to the positions of these viscera from what is usually used to be a popular idea (it has nowadays almost His material disappeared) that science, as opposed to other fields accepted as the correct description. in from 16 to male and age 25, female, and of thought, was generous to fellow workers, was never ranged included athletes and gymnasts. None seemingly had dogmatic, did not know the meaning of heresy, and any abdominal weakness or complaint. The average was ready to receive new ideas with open mind. This lowness of level of the organs mentioned, rather more view of science was contrasted with the conventional marked among the women, would seem-even if all views of religion, and the popularity of such " tenth allowances are made for the conditions of X ray work rate " books (the epithet is Mr. Murray’s) as Draper’s Conflict between Religion and Science showed that on the one hand, and for those of the dissecting room ground. In the book1 subjects on the other-to call for the admission of this view had gained much a before us Mr. parish Murray, priest, a widely read much greater extent in range of level, and of possible lowness in individual level, than is generally conceded. man, and by internal evidence a mathematician, pins The anatomists present appeared to have no objection out science in the nineteenth century on the disi to such conclusions. Radiologists have been instru- secting table and sets out with cold precision the the quarrels, the heresy hunts, and hidebound in mental in many ways modifying some of the rigid failings, convictions of scientists to one another. His book is the older held school of formal by conceptions anatomists, especially in the abdominal domain, but not pleasant reading, but, like many a bitter medicine, much more work and observation is required before it should do good. The faults which Mr. Murray the divergence of opinions in some cases can be recon- shows up so unsparingly may not be at present in ciled. It is well that the formal anatomist should evidence, but history shows that they are likely to recur. Sir Oliver Lodge, who has contributed an freely recognise the range of informality in the living introduction to the book, gives the matter of it in a body. nutshell : " Surely the world of science is free from THE SURGEON IN BATTLE AT SEA. prejudice and is ever ready to welcome truth ! So IN the Military Surgeon for October Rear-Admiral we try to think. But is it so ? Does history bear E. R. Stitt, the well-known Surgeon-General of the this out ? " Mr. Murray answers the question in the U.S. Navy, writes on the work of the naval surgeon negative. He takes the lives and works of nineteenth He opens with a story of the century leaders in science—Jenner, Simpson, Lyell, in battle at sea. loblolly boy of the Chesapeake in her famous action. Helmholz and Joule, Darwin and his predecessors, The loblolly boy was, in the British Service also, Pasteur and Lister, and a numerous band of others precursor of the sick-berth staff, loblolly being (" forgotten scientists " he calls them)-and shows vernacular for the gruel he brought to the sick. how one and all met with bitter opposition or, still After a glance at the medical preparations made by worse, with studied neglect from their fellows. Mr. Augustus, as he became, at Actium, Admiral Stitt Murray might have included in his list the John A. R. remarks that Hadrian’s triremes (with a complement Newlands, who discovered and published papers on of 200 men) had each a surgeon, who received twice the Periodic Law, provisionally styled by him the an ordinary officer’s pay and hence went by the name Law of Octaves, some five years before Mendeleeff In the eleventh century barbers and Meyer, and whose work was received with derision. of duplicarius. practised on board ship, and later Venice put surgeons Occasionally one who had fought and conquered and physicians in her galleys. In the wooden 1 Science and Scientists in the Nineteenth Century. By the man-of-war the medical station was in a protected London: Sheldon Press. Rev. Robert H. Murray, Litt.D. below the water line. In those days British 1925. Pp. 450. 12s. 6d. place ————
pleura render any subsequent ordinary radiogram and Colonial ships-surgeons scalded their amputating of the thorax particularly obscure. If such a patient knives, thinking by doing so to diminish the pain of has a recrudescence of symptoms, as occurred in the the cut, and so anticipated Lister. In the Chinesethree cases described by Dr. Archibald, accurate Japanese War the medical station was single, and it diagnosis is impossible without the use of lipiodol is on record that all the doctors and medical equipinjection. This recent work is of importance in ment of a ship were sometimes lost by a single shell introducing a comparatively harmless method of explosion. Dressing stations were thereafter divided injecting lipiodol and in establishing the fact that and put behind armour. The first " hospital for this oil is apparently non-irritant even to tuberculous battle " was provided in the plans of the Tsarevitch in lesions. The application of both these facts still 1903. Admiral Stitt recounts the horrors of the defeat further extends the use of this already useful at Tsushima, when the ship Askold had one dressing station in the torpedo room, and two auxiliary substance. forward and aft, in charge of " feldshers," stations, ABDOMINAL LEVELS. a word which recalls the " field shearer " or barber. IT is a commonplace of information, not only among Even at Jutland the ship’s barber was among the surgeons and anatomists, but also among students, ambulance party on Seydlitz. After reviewing reports that the abdominal viscera are not always arranged of many recent naval engagements, Admiral Stitt within the cavity in absolute accordance with the concludes that two or more dressing stations must in simple plan that adorns all anatomical diagrams of future be available below the protective deck, and in the contents of the belly. We are not referring to the the latest ships of the U.S. Navy a third is planned morphologically interesting examples of abnormal for the engine-room. Accessibility is difficult to situation which are met with occasionally, but to what attain now that ships are so much cut up into small may be termed exaggerated lowness of levels with sections as a protection against poison gas. For the normal general arrangement. The transverse colon, same reason it must be possible to shut off the plenum placed in the pictures above the umbilicus, is more ventilation without a moment’s delay. A perfect often found below-and well below-that point, and stretcher for naval use is still wanting ; Admiral Stitt the stomach levels are no less striking in their varia- mentions the Neil Robertson with approval, but in tions. Anatomically, it would seem natural to give the future the wounded seaman may be removed on to these freely movable viscera a wide latitude in an ambulance aeroplane and the naval hospital ship of small come to resemble the aeroplane carrier. levels, associated with changes in the content Every " intestine, and reserve narrow limits of normality " naval medical officer will be grateful to the Surgeonfor the colon on each side, where it is secondarily General of the U.S. Navy, to whom we already are fixed to the dorsal wall. Among the interesting papers indebted for an admirable laboratory manual, for the presented at the meeting of the Anatomical Society on picture he has given of life on shipboard in past Nov. 20th was one by Prof. R. J. Moody, who has been times, and for his glimpse into the future. for some little time in this country. He had been able, by radiological methods, to estimate the position NINETEENTH CENTURY SCIENTISTS. of the stomach, colon, and edge of the liver in BURNS’S well-known aspiration that we might see 1000 students in California and, in demonstrating his results before the Society, showed how much these ourselves as others see us is one which workers in the normal and healthy young people differed in respect field of natural science should bear in mind. There to the positions of these viscera from what is usually used to be a popular idea (it has nowadays almost His material disappeared) that science, as opposed to other fields accepted as the correct description. in from 16 to male and age 25, female, and of thought, was generous to fellow workers, was never ranged included athletes and gymnasts. None seemingly had dogmatic, did not know the meaning of heresy, and any abdominal weakness or complaint. The average was ready to receive new ideas with open mind. This lowness of level of the organs mentioned, rather more view of science was contrasted with the conventional marked among the women, would seem-even if all views of religion, and the popularity of such " tenth allowances are made for the conditions of X ray work rate " books (the epithet is Mr. Murray’s) as Draper’s Conflict between Religion and Science showed that on the one hand, and for those of the dissecting room ground. In the book1 subjects on the other-to call for the admission of this view had gained much a before us Mr. parish Murray, priest, a widely read much greater extent in range of level, and of possible lowness in individual level, than is generally conceded. man, and by internal evidence a mathematician, pins The anatomists present appeared to have no objection out science in the nineteenth century on the disi to such conclusions. Radiologists have been instru- secting table and sets out with cold precision the the quarrels, the heresy hunts, and hidebound in mental in many ways modifying some of the rigid failings, convictions of scientists to one another. His book is the older held school of formal by conceptions anatomists, especially in the abdominal domain, but not pleasant reading, but, like many a bitter medicine, much more work and observation is required before it should do good. The faults which Mr. Murray the divergence of opinions in some cases can be recon- shows up so unsparingly may not be at present in ciled. It is well that the formal anatomist should evidence, but history shows that they are likely to recur. Sir Oliver Lodge, who has contributed an freely recognise the range of informality in the living introduction to the book, gives the matter of it in a body. nutshell : " Surely the world of science is free from THE SURGEON IN BATTLE AT SEA. prejudice and is ever ready to welcome truth ! So IN the Military Surgeon for October Rear-Admiral we try to think. But is it so ? Does history bear E. R. Stitt, the well-known Surgeon-General of the this out ? " Mr. Murray answers the question in the U.S. Navy, writes on the work of the naval surgeon negative. He takes the lives and works of nineteenth He opens with a story of the century leaders in science—Jenner, Simpson, Lyell, in battle at sea. loblolly boy of the Chesapeake in her famous action. Helmholz and Joule, Darwin and his predecessors, The loblolly boy was, in the British Service also, Pasteur and Lister, and a numerous band of others precursor of the sick-berth staff, loblolly being (" forgotten scientists " he calls them)-and shows vernacular for the gruel he brought to the sick. how one and all met with bitter opposition or, still After a glance at the medical preparations made by worse, with studied neglect from their fellows. Mr. Augustus, as he became, at Actium, Admiral Stitt Murray might have included in his list the John A. R. remarks that Hadrian’s triremes (with a complement Newlands, who discovered and published papers on of 200 men) had each a surgeon, who received twice the Periodic Law, provisionally styled by him the an ordinary officer’s pay and hence went by the name Law of Octaves, some five years before Mendeleeff In the eleventh century barbers and Meyer, and whose work was received with derision. of duplicarius. practised on board ship, and later Venice put surgeons Occasionally one who had fought and conquered and physicians in her galleys. In the wooden 1 Science and Scientists in the Nineteenth Century. By the man-of-war the medical station was in a protected London: Sheldon Press. Rev. Robert H. Murray, Litt.D. below the water line. In those days British 1925. Pp. 450. 12s. 6d. place ————