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Abstract # 1705 Social regulation of the lymph node transcriptome dynamics in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
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Abstracts / Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 57 (2016) e1–e43
following the second injection. When provided anti-CD40 prior to CORT exposure, the loss of DCs was prevented. These studies contribute to the ongoing exploration of the mechanisms underlying the immunological effects of stress-induced glucocorticoids. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.009
Abstract # 1703 Coping strategies of top managers, the state of theirs immune systems and risk of cancer M. Pospichal Charles University, Department of Psychology, Prague, Czech Republic We would like to introduce our project focused on relation between coping strategies and state of immune system. The project is focused on comparison between two groups of people. First group is top managers, where we expect significant long-term stressfull working conditions. Second group are people (with similar characteristics compared to the first group) who were affected by cancer in recent history. Following the comparison of results from these groups, provides a foundation for gaining interesting information both in the field of coping strategies and approaches to managing life worries, but also values of the immune system. We use combination of two metodological approaches. From the area of psychology we use several questionnaires focused on perceived level of stress, preferred coping strategies and personality. We use following testing methods: Stress Profile (Novack, 2006), Bochum Inventory of Personality (Hossip, 2011), Coping Strategy Inventory (Tobin, 2001), Overal Psychological Resistance (Miksik, 2004). From the area of immunology we use detail immunological examination (taken from blood sample) with main focus on: NK cells, T-cytotoxic lymphocytes, T-helpers lymphocytes, T-regulatory lymphocytes, proinflammatory parameters and tumor markers. We are going to present result of the first phase of the project, executed on the sample of participants. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.010
Abstract # 1704 Cardiac surgery causes more extended neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction compared to abdominal surgery in rats I.B. Hovens a,b, B.L. van Leeuwen b, M.A. Mariani c, A.D. Kraneveld d, R.G. Schoemaker a,e a Department of Molecular Neurobiology, GELIFES, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands b Department of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands c Department of Cadio-Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands d Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands e Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a debilitating surgical complication, often affecting cardiac surgery patients. The current study aimed to gain insight in the mechanisms causing POCD after cardiac versus non-cardiac surgery. Adult male Wistar rats underwent abdominal or cardiac surgery including ischemia
reperfusion of the mesenteric or coronary vasculature, respectively. Control rats remained naïve, received anesthesia only, or received thoracic sham surgery. Two weeks after surgery, rats were subjected to behavioral tests and systemic and central concentrations of inflammatory factors and the neuronal markers brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and doublecortin (DCX) were analyzed. Spatial memory was impaired after both abdominal and cardiac surgery, but only cardiac surgery impaired spatial learning and object recognition. While all surgical procedures elicited a pronounced acute systemic inflammatory response, neutrophil gelatinassociated lipocalin (NGAL) and TNF-a levels were particularly increased after abdominal surgery. Conversely, NGAL in plasma and the paraventricular nucleus were increased 14 days after cardiac, but not after abdominal surgery. In the hippocampus, both surgeries induced increased levels of NGAL and decreased BDNF and neurogenesis (DCX). These results suggest that POCD affects different cognitive domains, and hence may be more extended rather than more severe, after cardiac versus non-cardiac surgery. Moreover, while abdominal surgery effects seem limited to the hippocampus, cardiac surgery effects seem associated with more wide spread alterations in the brain. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.011
Abstract # 1705 Social regulation of the lymph node transcriptome dynamics in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) K. Chun a, D.M. Lamkin a, J.P. Capitanio b,c, S.W. Cole a,d a
Norman Cousins Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States b California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, United States c Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, United States d Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States Previous work has shown that adverse social conditions may promote a conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) involving up-regulation of proinflammatory gene expression and down-regulation of Type 1 interferon anti-viral genes in circulating blood cells. This project sought to determine whether social instability in rhesus macaques (N = 10, 5 unstable social conditions, males, mean age = 6.0 years) might exert similar regulatory effects on gene expression within secondary lymphoid tissue (lymph nodes). In parallel with the CTRA pattern observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), unstable social conditions were linked to lymph node down-regulation of genes involved in Type 1 interferon innate anti-viral responses. Transcript origin analyses implicated monocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells as mediators of these effects, and promoter-based bioinformatics analyses indicated reduced activity of AP-1, NF-KB, and IRF2 transcription factors in lymph nodes from macaques exposed to unstable social conditions. These results suggest that social influences on immune cell gene regulation are sufficiently pronounced to alter transcriptome profiles in secondary lymphoid tissue, and do so in a regulatory program that resembles that observed in PBMC. Defining the functional impact of these transcriptional alterations represents a primary direction of our future research. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.012
Abstracts / Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 57 (2016) e1–e43
following the second injection. When provided anti-CD40 prior to CORT exposure, the loss of DCs was prevented. These studies contribute to the ongoing exploration of the mechanisms underlying the immunological effects of stress-induced glucocorticoids. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.009
Abstract # 1703 Coping strategies of top managers, the state of theirs immune systems and risk of cancer M. Pospichal Charles University, Department of Psychology, Prague, Czech Republic We would like to introduce our project focused on relation between coping strategies and state of immune system. The project is focused on comparison between two groups of people. First group is top managers, where we expect significant long-term stressfull working conditions. Second group are people (with similar characteristics compared to the first group) who were affected by cancer in recent history. Following the comparison of results from these groups, provides a foundation for gaining interesting information both in the field of coping strategies and approaches to managing life worries, but also values of the immune system. We use combination of two metodological approaches. From the area of psychology we use several questionnaires focused on perceived level of stress, preferred coping strategies and personality. We use following testing methods: Stress Profile (Novack, 2006), Bochum Inventory of Personality (Hossip, 2011), Coping Strategy Inventory (Tobin, 2001), Overal Psychological Resistance (Miksik, 2004). From the area of immunology we use detail immunological examination (taken from blood sample) with main focus on: NK cells, T-cytotoxic lymphocytes, T-helpers lymphocytes, T-regulatory lymphocytes, proinflammatory parameters and tumor markers. We are going to present result of the first phase of the project, executed on the sample of participants. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.010
Abstract # 1704 Cardiac surgery causes more extended neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction compared to abdominal surgery in rats I.B. Hovens a,b, B.L. van Leeuwen b, M.A. Mariani c, A.D. Kraneveld d, R.G. Schoemaker a,e a Department of Molecular Neurobiology, GELIFES, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands b Department of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands c Department of Cadio-Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands d Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands e Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a debilitating surgical complication, often affecting cardiac surgery patients. The current study aimed to gain insight in the mechanisms causing POCD after cardiac versus non-cardiac surgery. Adult male Wistar rats underwent abdominal or cardiac surgery including ischemia
reperfusion of the mesenteric or coronary vasculature, respectively. Control rats remained naïve, received anesthesia only, or received thoracic sham surgery. Two weeks after surgery, rats were subjected to behavioral tests and systemic and central concentrations of inflammatory factors and the neuronal markers brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and doublecortin (DCX) were analyzed. Spatial memory was impaired after both abdominal and cardiac surgery, but only cardiac surgery impaired spatial learning and object recognition. While all surgical procedures elicited a pronounced acute systemic inflammatory response, neutrophil gelatinassociated lipocalin (NGAL) and TNF-a levels were particularly increased after abdominal surgery. Conversely, NGAL in plasma and the paraventricular nucleus were increased 14 days after cardiac, but not after abdominal surgery. In the hippocampus, both surgeries induced increased levels of NGAL and decreased BDNF and neurogenesis (DCX). These results suggest that POCD affects different cognitive domains, and hence may be more extended rather than more severe, after cardiac versus non-cardiac surgery. Moreover, while abdominal surgery effects seem limited to the hippocampus, cardiac surgery effects seem associated with more wide spread alterations in the brain. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.011
Abstract # 1705 Social regulation of the lymph node transcriptome dynamics in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) K. Chun a, D.M. Lamkin a, J.P. Capitanio b,c, S.W. Cole a,d a
Norman Cousins Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States b California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, United States c Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, United States d Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States Previous work has shown that adverse social conditions may promote a conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) involving up-regulation of proinflammatory gene expression and down-regulation of Type 1 interferon anti-viral genes in circulating blood cells. This project sought to determine whether social instability in rhesus macaques (N = 10, 5 unstable social conditions, males, mean age = 6.0 years) might exert similar regulatory effects on gene expression within secondary lymphoid tissue (lymph nodes). In parallel with the CTRA pattern observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), unstable social conditions were linked to lymph node down-regulation of genes involved in Type 1 interferon innate anti-viral responses. Transcript origin analyses implicated monocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells as mediators of these effects, and promoter-based bioinformatics analyses indicated reduced activity of AP-1, NF-KB, and IRF2 transcription factors in lymph nodes from macaques exposed to unstable social conditions. These results suggest that social influences on immune cell gene regulation are sufficiently pronounced to alter transcriptome profiles in secondary lymphoid tissue, and do so in a regulatory program that resembles that observed in PBMC. Defining the functional impact of these transcriptional alterations represents a primary direction of our future research. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.012