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Abstract # 1763 Investigating the Influence of environment and psychological state on the immune response: Developing a PNI toolkit
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Abstracts / Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 57 (2016) e1–e43
E.A. Fuller a,b,c, M.C. Carey a,b,c, K.A. Redgrove d,e, E.A. McLaughlin d,e,f, D.M. Hodgson a,b,c a The Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, The School of Psychology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia b University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, United States c Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia d School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia e Priority Research Centre in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia f School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Agnogentic subfertility is a clinical concern for many women of a healthy reproductive age. Accumulating evidence suggests developmental factors, such as immune status, are involved in the aetiology of female subfertility. Normal immune function is crucial for the initial quality and quantity of the ovarian follicular pool, and continued reproductive success. Our laboratory, in parallel with others, has established that early-life immune stress leads to sustained alterations in immune and neuroendocrine function, and perinatally programs vulnerability to subsequent stressors. However, investigation into the effects of early-life immune stress on female reproductive development is limited. This study investigates the immediate and long-term effects of immune activation during early-life on ovarian development and continued female reproductive health. Using a rat model, our findings suggest that neonatal immune activation (NIA) with lipopolysaccharide on post-natal days 3 and 5 leads to significant depletion of the ovarian follicular pool, acute upregulation of ovarian proinflammatory mediators, and precocious onset of puberty (p < 0.05). Additionally, NIA induced an ovarian immune sensitivity to adulthood psychological stress, indicated by increased plasma interleukin (IL)-6 levels (p < 0.05) in NIA females following restraint stress, and altered ovarian mRNA and protein expression of IL-6, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, protein kinase-C, MAP-kinase, and toll-like receptor 4. These findings indicate that NIA can influence the ovarian immune milieu pre-and post-stress, and suggests that developmental proinflammatory mechanisms may determine female fertility outcomes. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.054
Abstract # 1762 Essential fatty acids intake associated with delay aversion and temporal processing in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) J. Chang a, L. Jingling b, Y. Huang b,c, Y. Lu d, K. Su b,c, V. Mondelli a, C.M. Pariante a a Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 9RT, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom b Graduate Institute of Cognitive and Neural Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan c Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Lab (MBI Lab), China Medical University & Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan d Bao-Bei Child Rehabilitation Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan
The aim of the study is to investigate the association between intake of fatty acids, or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3PUFAs), and cognitive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Twenty-one drug-naïve children
diagnosed with DSM-IV ADHD, and 21 non-ADHD controls were enrolled in the study. The parents were asked to record the n3PUFAs diet intake of their children by using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency severity of the children was defined by the EFA deficiency scale scores. The children were also assessed by cognitive tasks, including Go-No-Go Task, Delayed Reaction Time Task, and Finger Tapping Task for inhibitory control, delay aversion, and temporal processing. The findings showed that the ADHD group had a greater severity in EFA deficiency (7.24+4.56, p = .02), and poorer performance in delay aversion ( 177.88+280.40, p = .02) and temporal processing (85.34+10.96, p < .001). Moreover, ADHD symptom severity was negatively correlated with EFA deficiency. EFA deficiency was also associated with a higher delay aversion (p < .001) in this study. In conclusion, children with ADHD had a higher deficiency of EFA, and EFA deficiency had a positive association with ADHD severity and delay aversion. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.055
Abstract # 1763 Investigating the Influence of environment and psychological state on the immune response: Developing a PNI toolkit S. Brod, T. Gobetti, B. Gittens, M. Perretti, F. D’Acquisto William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom Studies have recently demonstrated the immune system to significantly more plastic than previously believed. Multiple external factors have been shown to influence the immune response including alterations to the host’s external environment and psychological status. This study aimed to investigate this influence utilising classic models of inflammatory disease. Following a two week period of environmental enrichment subjects were challenged with either a model of acute inflammation or bacterial sepsis; zymosan inducedperitonitis (ZIP) and caecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The results of the ZIP model revealed a markedly altered immune response, typified by heightened cell migration to and maturation at the point of immune insult. In CLP we observed analogous results,accompanied by a significant inhibition of systemic bacterial spread in enriched animals. Micro-array analysis supported these findings, revealing the increased expression of immune-modulatory genes associated with a heightened immune response. We further discovered these changes to persist ex vivo, identifying macrophages isolated from enriched animals to possess a significantly enhanced phagocytic capacity alongside an unchanged profile of cytokine release. These results demonstrate environmental enrichment has an enhancing effect on the murine immune response: Upregulating immuneprotective gene expression and heightening both leukocyte number and function to improve clearance of systemic bacterial infection. We also believe these results will aid in establishing a series of immunological models that could assess the effects of environment and psychological state on the active immune response. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.056
Abstract # 1764 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) increases transient potential receptor type ankyrin (TRPA)-1 expression and function in rheumatoid
Abstracts / Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 57 (2016) e1–e43
E.A. Fuller a,b,c, M.C. Carey a,b,c, K.A. Redgrove d,e, E.A. McLaughlin d,e,f, D.M. Hodgson a,b,c a The Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, The School of Psychology, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia b University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, United States c Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia d School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia e Priority Research Centre in Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia f School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Agnogentic subfertility is a clinical concern for many women of a healthy reproductive age. Accumulating evidence suggests developmental factors, such as immune status, are involved in the aetiology of female subfertility. Normal immune function is crucial for the initial quality and quantity of the ovarian follicular pool, and continued reproductive success. Our laboratory, in parallel with others, has established that early-life immune stress leads to sustained alterations in immune and neuroendocrine function, and perinatally programs vulnerability to subsequent stressors. However, investigation into the effects of early-life immune stress on female reproductive development is limited. This study investigates the immediate and long-term effects of immune activation during early-life on ovarian development and continued female reproductive health. Using a rat model, our findings suggest that neonatal immune activation (NIA) with lipopolysaccharide on post-natal days 3 and 5 leads to significant depletion of the ovarian follicular pool, acute upregulation of ovarian proinflammatory mediators, and precocious onset of puberty (p < 0.05). Additionally, NIA induced an ovarian immune sensitivity to adulthood psychological stress, indicated by increased plasma interleukin (IL)-6 levels (p < 0.05) in NIA females following restraint stress, and altered ovarian mRNA and protein expression of IL-6, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, protein kinase-C, MAP-kinase, and toll-like receptor 4. These findings indicate that NIA can influence the ovarian immune milieu pre-and post-stress, and suggests that developmental proinflammatory mechanisms may determine female fertility outcomes. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.054
Abstract # 1762 Essential fatty acids intake associated with delay aversion and temporal processing in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) J. Chang a, L. Jingling b, Y. Huang b,c, Y. Lu d, K. Su b,c, V. Mondelli a, C.M. Pariante a a Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 9RT, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom b Graduate Institute of Cognitive and Neural Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan c Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Lab (MBI Lab), China Medical University & Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan d Bao-Bei Child Rehabilitation Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan
The aim of the study is to investigate the association between intake of fatty acids, or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3PUFAs), and cognitive functions in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Twenty-one drug-naïve children
diagnosed with DSM-IV ADHD, and 21 non-ADHD controls were enrolled in the study. The parents were asked to record the n3PUFAs diet intake of their children by using the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency severity of the children was defined by the EFA deficiency scale scores. The children were also assessed by cognitive tasks, including Go-No-Go Task, Delayed Reaction Time Task, and Finger Tapping Task for inhibitory control, delay aversion, and temporal processing. The findings showed that the ADHD group had a greater severity in EFA deficiency (7.24+4.56, p = .02), and poorer performance in delay aversion ( 177.88+280.40, p = .02) and temporal processing (85.34+10.96, p < .001). Moreover, ADHD symptom severity was negatively correlated with EFA deficiency. EFA deficiency was also associated with a higher delay aversion (p < .001) in this study. In conclusion, children with ADHD had a higher deficiency of EFA, and EFA deficiency had a positive association with ADHD severity and delay aversion. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.055
Abstract # 1763 Investigating the Influence of environment and psychological state on the immune response: Developing a PNI toolkit S. Brod, T. Gobetti, B. Gittens, M. Perretti, F. D’Acquisto William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom Studies have recently demonstrated the immune system to significantly more plastic than previously believed. Multiple external factors have been shown to influence the immune response including alterations to the host’s external environment and psychological status. This study aimed to investigate this influence utilising classic models of inflammatory disease. Following a two week period of environmental enrichment subjects were challenged with either a model of acute inflammation or bacterial sepsis; zymosan inducedperitonitis (ZIP) and caecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The results of the ZIP model revealed a markedly altered immune response, typified by heightened cell migration to and maturation at the point of immune insult. In CLP we observed analogous results,accompanied by a significant inhibition of systemic bacterial spread in enriched animals. Micro-array analysis supported these findings, revealing the increased expression of immune-modulatory genes associated with a heightened immune response. We further discovered these changes to persist ex vivo, identifying macrophages isolated from enriched animals to possess a significantly enhanced phagocytic capacity alongside an unchanged profile of cytokine release. These results demonstrate environmental enrichment has an enhancing effect on the murine immune response: Upregulating immuneprotective gene expression and heightening both leukocyte number and function to improve clearance of systemic bacterial infection. We also believe these results will aid in establishing a series of immunological models that could assess the effects of environment and psychological state on the active immune response. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.056
Abstract # 1764 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) increases transient potential receptor type ankyrin (TRPA)-1 expression and function in rheumatoid