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Accumulation of organochlorine pesticides in human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue—The Portuguese scenario
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 196S (2010) S37–S351
especially exposed to persistent pesticides, indicating the need for a strict control of their use. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.178
P101-020 Accumulation of organochlorine pesticides in human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue—The Portuguese scenario D. Pestana a , V. Fernandes b , D. Teixeira a , A. Faria c , R. Monteiro a , V. Domingues d , C. Delerue-Matos d , C. Calhau a a
Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal, b Requimte – Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto and Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal, c Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto and Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal, d Requimte – Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal The role of environmental toxicants with hormone-like activity (endocrine disruptors, namely OCPs – organochlorine pesticides) has been recently implicated in the multifactorial etiology of obesity. In this context, compounds that are both persistent and bioaccumulative have the potential to induce adverse effects on human health. Humans, at the top of the food chain, typically accumulate the highest concentrations, not being able to metabolize or excrete them. Due to their lipophilic nature, adipose tissue (AT) is a common site of OCP accumulation. In this regard, evaluate their presence in human AT, and subsequently assessing its implication, was consider a priority research. Thus, human adipose tissue samples were homogenized with n-hexane, with subsequent OCPs extraction using C-18E SPE (solid phase extraction) columns. After being dissolved in n-hexane, 12 OCPs residues (hexachlorobenzenene, (␣, , ␦) hexachlorocyclohexane, aldrin, endosulphan I, dieldrin, p,p -DDE, endrin, lindane, endosulphan II, p,p -DDD, o,p -DDT and methoxychlor) were detected by gas chromatography-electron-capture detection analysis, with 4-4 -dichlorobenzophenone as an internal standard. Preliminary results showed that hexachlorobenzenene, methoxychlor and p,p -DDE were the most common pesticides found in the analyzed samples. The highest pesticide concentration, 11.36 mg/kg of sample, corresponded to p,p -DDE. OCP mean recoveries were between 47.17 and 95.94% (dieldrin and 4-4 -dichlorobenzophenone respectively). To compare the presence of OCPs in visceral and subcutaneous human AT, further determinations will be made. This knowledge, together with that of which contaminants are the most prevalent in human AT samples constitutes the first step to initiate the research of the OCPs implication in the etiology of human obesity.
S43
P101-021 Effects of the interaction of tobacco smoke and alcohol consumption on buccal micronucleus in workers occupationaly exposed to formaldehyde C. Ladeira a , S. Viegas b , E. Carolino a , J. Prista b , M.C. Gomes c , M. Brito a a
Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, b Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública – Universidade Nova de Lisboa, c Faculdade de Ciências – Universidade de Lisboa Occupational exposure to formaldehyde has been shown to induce nasopharyngeal cancer and has been classified as carcinogenic to humans (group 1) on the basis of sufficient evidence. Tobacco smoke has been associated to a higher risk of development of cancer, especially in the oral cavity as this is a place of direct contact with many carcinogenic tobaccoˇıs compounds. Alcohol is a recognized agent that influence cells in a genotoxic form, been citied as a strong agent with potential in the development of carcinogenic lesions. Epidemiological evidence points to a strong synergistic effect between cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in the induction of cancers in the oral cavity. Approximately 90% of human cancers originate from epithelial cells. Therefore, it could be argued that oral epithelial cells represent a preferred target site for early genotoxic events induced by carcinogenic agents entering the body via inhalation and ingestion. The MN assay in buccal cells was also used to study cancerous and precancerous lesions and to monitor the effects of a number of chemopreventive agents. The study was carried out in Portugal in a sample of 56 workers occupationally exposed to formaldehyde in pathology anatomy laboratories and in 85 non-exposed subjects. Both groups were asked about their smoking and drinking habits. The evaluation of genotoxic effects was conducted by applying MN test in exfoliated cells from buccal mucosa. It was observed higher MN means in drinkers in both groups exposed and non-exposed, but did not reach statistical relevance. The analysis of the interaction between the alcohol and tobacco demonstrate an interaction between subjects that did not drink and did not smoke and subjects who drink and smoke but that interaction did not reach statistical signification (p = 0.054). In studies of lifestyle factors, it was difficult to differentiate the alcohol effect from smoking effect. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.180
P101-022 Toxicokinetic modeling of cypermethrin and permethrin for dose reconstruction in the population J. Côté a , M. Bouchard a , G. Carrier a , R. Heredia Ortiz a , U. Fuhr b , B. Woollen c , C. Lapointe d , Y. Bonvalot d
Acknowledgement a
Research relating to this abstract was funded by FCT (Fundac¸ão para a Ciência e Tecnologia – POCI, FEDER, Programa Comunitário de Apoio, PTDC/QUI/65501/2006; SFRH/BD/46640/2008, SFRH/BD/47200/2008, SFRH/BD/64691/2009, SFRH/BD/28160/ 2006 and SFRH/BPD/40110/2007). doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.179
d
University of Montreal, Canada, b University of Cologne, c Syngenta, Health Canada, Canada
To assess exposure to pyrethroids in the general population, one of most widely used method nowadays consists of measuring urinary metabolites. Unfortunately, interpretation of data is limited by the unspecified relation between dose and levels in biological tissues and excreta. The objective of this study was to develop a multicompartment toxicokinetic model to predict the time courses of two mainly used pyrethroid pesticides, permethrin and cypermethrin, and their metabolites (cis-DCCA, trans-DCCA and 3-PBA) in
especially exposed to persistent pesticides, indicating the need for a strict control of their use. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.178
P101-020 Accumulation of organochlorine pesticides in human visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue—The Portuguese scenario D. Pestana a , V. Fernandes b , D. Teixeira a , A. Faria c , R. Monteiro a , V. Domingues d , C. Delerue-Matos d , C. Calhau a a
Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal, b Requimte – Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto and Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal, c Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto and Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal, d Requimte – Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal The role of environmental toxicants with hormone-like activity (endocrine disruptors, namely OCPs – organochlorine pesticides) has been recently implicated in the multifactorial etiology of obesity. In this context, compounds that are both persistent and bioaccumulative have the potential to induce adverse effects on human health. Humans, at the top of the food chain, typically accumulate the highest concentrations, not being able to metabolize or excrete them. Due to their lipophilic nature, adipose tissue (AT) is a common site of OCP accumulation. In this regard, evaluate their presence in human AT, and subsequently assessing its implication, was consider a priority research. Thus, human adipose tissue samples were homogenized with n-hexane, with subsequent OCPs extraction using C-18E SPE (solid phase extraction) columns. After being dissolved in n-hexane, 12 OCPs residues (hexachlorobenzenene, (␣, , ␦) hexachlorocyclohexane, aldrin, endosulphan I, dieldrin, p,p -DDE, endrin, lindane, endosulphan II, p,p -DDD, o,p -DDT and methoxychlor) were detected by gas chromatography-electron-capture detection analysis, with 4-4 -dichlorobenzophenone as an internal standard. Preliminary results showed that hexachlorobenzenene, methoxychlor and p,p -DDE were the most common pesticides found in the analyzed samples. The highest pesticide concentration, 11.36 mg/kg of sample, corresponded to p,p -DDE. OCP mean recoveries were between 47.17 and 95.94% (dieldrin and 4-4 -dichlorobenzophenone respectively). To compare the presence of OCPs in visceral and subcutaneous human AT, further determinations will be made. This knowledge, together with that of which contaminants are the most prevalent in human AT samples constitutes the first step to initiate the research of the OCPs implication in the etiology of human obesity.
S43
P101-021 Effects of the interaction of tobacco smoke and alcohol consumption on buccal micronucleus in workers occupationaly exposed to formaldehyde C. Ladeira a , S. Viegas b , E. Carolino a , J. Prista b , M.C. Gomes c , M. Brito a a
Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, b Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública – Universidade Nova de Lisboa, c Faculdade de Ciências – Universidade de Lisboa Occupational exposure to formaldehyde has been shown to induce nasopharyngeal cancer and has been classified as carcinogenic to humans (group 1) on the basis of sufficient evidence. Tobacco smoke has been associated to a higher risk of development of cancer, especially in the oral cavity as this is a place of direct contact with many carcinogenic tobaccoˇıs compounds. Alcohol is a recognized agent that influence cells in a genotoxic form, been citied as a strong agent with potential in the development of carcinogenic lesions. Epidemiological evidence points to a strong synergistic effect between cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in the induction of cancers in the oral cavity. Approximately 90% of human cancers originate from epithelial cells. Therefore, it could be argued that oral epithelial cells represent a preferred target site for early genotoxic events induced by carcinogenic agents entering the body via inhalation and ingestion. The MN assay in buccal cells was also used to study cancerous and precancerous lesions and to monitor the effects of a number of chemopreventive agents. The study was carried out in Portugal in a sample of 56 workers occupationally exposed to formaldehyde in pathology anatomy laboratories and in 85 non-exposed subjects. Both groups were asked about their smoking and drinking habits. The evaluation of genotoxic effects was conducted by applying MN test in exfoliated cells from buccal mucosa. It was observed higher MN means in drinkers in both groups exposed and non-exposed, but did not reach statistical relevance. The analysis of the interaction between the alcohol and tobacco demonstrate an interaction between subjects that did not drink and did not smoke and subjects who drink and smoke but that interaction did not reach statistical signification (p = 0.054). In studies of lifestyle factors, it was difficult to differentiate the alcohol effect from smoking effect. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.180
P101-022 Toxicokinetic modeling of cypermethrin and permethrin for dose reconstruction in the population J. Côté a , M. Bouchard a , G. Carrier a , R. Heredia Ortiz a , U. Fuhr b , B. Woollen c , C. Lapointe d , Y. Bonvalot d
Acknowledgement a
Research relating to this abstract was funded by FCT (Fundac¸ão para a Ciência e Tecnologia – POCI, FEDER, Programa Comunitário de Apoio, PTDC/QUI/65501/2006; SFRH/BD/46640/2008, SFRH/BD/47200/2008, SFRH/BD/64691/2009, SFRH/BD/28160/ 2006 and SFRH/BPD/40110/2007). doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.179
d
University of Montreal, Canada, b University of Cologne, c Syngenta, Health Canada, Canada
To assess exposure to pyrethroids in the general population, one of most widely used method nowadays consists of measuring urinary metabolites. Unfortunately, interpretation of data is limited by the unspecified relation between dose and levels in biological tissues and excreta. The objective of this study was to develop a multicompartment toxicokinetic model to predict the time courses of two mainly used pyrethroid pesticides, permethrin and cypermethrin, and their metabolites (cis-DCCA, trans-DCCA and 3-PBA) in