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Age-related changes in serum interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in healthy control subjects
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Acknowledgement. Supported by EUROESPES Foundation.
Age-related changes in serum interleukin-lfl and tumor necrosis factor-~ levels in healthy control subjects X.A. Alvarez, A. Franco, L. Ferngmdez-Novoa and R. Cacabelos Department q[ Biomedical Research, Institute Jbr CNS Disorders, Basic and Clhlieal Neuroscienees Research Center, A Coruffa, Spain Key words." lnterleukin-lfl (IL-lfi); Tumor necrosis l:actor-~ (TNF-z0; Age; Healthy subjects The neuroimmune system (NIS) concept emerges as evidence of the interaction between the central nervous system (CNS) and the immune system (IS). IL-lfl and TNF-~, as well as other immune factors, were identified in the CNS and were found to influence some brain functions and behavioral processes. Recently, it has also been postulated that the NIS might be involved in the etiopathogenesis of some mental disorders (Cacabelos, 1991). In this view, dysfunctions of the CNS and IS are present in elderly subjects as well as in age-related disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of IL-I were observed in patients with AD. Furthermore, IL-I promotes the expression of the /Lamyloid precursor protein (APP) gene in cultured cells, suggesting that the overproduction of APP in AD brains might be induced by IL-I (Blume and Vitek, 1989). An increase in the serum levels of IL-lfi has also been found in patients with early-onset AD (Cacabelos, 1992). By contrast, TNF-~. levels were found to be diminished in serum of AD patients. In the present study we have evaluated serum IL-lfi and TNF-~ levels in 47 healthy control subjects, including: (a) group [ (G l; N - 15: a g e - 14.8 + 6.4 years; range = 6,22 years); (b) group 2 (G2; N 12; age 33.5 ± 6.8 years; r a n g e - 2 5 44 years); (c) group 3 (G3; N 11; age 59.1_+4.2 years; range 51 65 years); and (d) group 4 (G4; N 9; age 68.7± 1.9 years; range 66,72 years). Serum IL-lfl levels were: G 1 - 1 8 3 . 7 + 4 4 . 5 pg/ml: G2 129.4___50.1 pg/ml (P<0.05 vs. GI: P<0.01 vs. G4); G3 =152.4±30.8 pg/ml; G4=200.9_+17.2 pg/ml. Serum TNF-~ concentrations were: G1 19.8_+7.5 pg/ml (P<0.01 vs. G2, G3 and G4); G2 10.5_+4.8 pg/ml: G3 7.4_+4.0 pg/ml; G4=7.5_+2.9 pg/ml. A significant negative correlation was found between serum TNF-~ values and age (r = --0.66; P < 0.001). Furthermore, serum IL-I/J levels positively correlated with age (r 0.54; P < 0.02} and with TNF-~ concentrations (r = 0.64; P < 0.01) in subjects over 50 years of age. According to our data, serum lL-lfl levels show a parabolic pattern throughout life, with the highest values found in young and old subjects, while serum TNF-c~ content undergo a progressive age-dependent decrease.
Acknowledgement. Supported in part by Ram6n Areces Foundation and EUROESPES Foundation. References
Blume, A.J. and Vitek, M.P. (1989) Focusing on IL-l-promotion of fl-amyloid precursor protein synthesis as an early event in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging 10, 406408. Cacabelos, R. (1991) Funcidn neuroinmune en los trastornos mentales. An. Psiquiatr. 2, 135 154. Cacabelos, R., Alvarez, X.A., Franco, A., Fernfindez-Novoa, L,. Caamafio, J. and del Valle-lnclfin, F. (1992) Therapeutic effects of CDP-choline in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia: psychometric assessment and immune function. Ann. Psychiatry/An. Psiquiatr. 3,233 245.
Acknowledgement. Supported by EUROESPES Foundation.
Age-related changes in serum interleukin-lfl and tumor necrosis factor-~ levels in healthy control subjects X.A. Alvarez, A. Franco, L. Ferngmdez-Novoa and R. Cacabelos Department q[ Biomedical Research, Institute Jbr CNS Disorders, Basic and Clhlieal Neuroscienees Research Center, A Coruffa, Spain Key words." lnterleukin-lfl (IL-lfi); Tumor necrosis l:actor-~ (TNF-z0; Age; Healthy subjects The neuroimmune system (NIS) concept emerges as evidence of the interaction between the central nervous system (CNS) and the immune system (IS). IL-lfl and TNF-~, as well as other immune factors, were identified in the CNS and were found to influence some brain functions and behavioral processes. Recently, it has also been postulated that the NIS might be involved in the etiopathogenesis of some mental disorders (Cacabelos, 1991). In this view, dysfunctions of the CNS and IS are present in elderly subjects as well as in age-related disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of IL-I were observed in patients with AD. Furthermore, IL-I promotes the expression of the /Lamyloid precursor protein (APP) gene in cultured cells, suggesting that the overproduction of APP in AD brains might be induced by IL-I (Blume and Vitek, 1989). An increase in the serum levels of IL-lfi has also been found in patients with early-onset AD (Cacabelos, 1992). By contrast, TNF-~. levels were found to be diminished in serum of AD patients. In the present study we have evaluated serum IL-lfi and TNF-~ levels in 47 healthy control subjects, including: (a) group [ (G l; N - 15: a g e - 14.8 + 6.4 years; range = 6,22 years); (b) group 2 (G2; N 12; age 33.5 ± 6.8 years; r a n g e - 2 5 44 years); (c) group 3 (G3; N 11; age 59.1_+4.2 years; range 51 65 years); and (d) group 4 (G4; N 9; age 68.7± 1.9 years; range 66,72 years). Serum IL-lfl levels were: G 1 - 1 8 3 . 7 + 4 4 . 5 pg/ml: G2 129.4___50.1 pg/ml (P<0.05 vs. GI: P<0.01 vs. G4); G3 =152.4±30.8 pg/ml; G4=200.9_+17.2 pg/ml. Serum TNF-~ concentrations were: G1 19.8_+7.5 pg/ml (P<0.01 vs. G2, G3 and G4); G2 10.5_+4.8 pg/ml: G3 7.4_+4.0 pg/ml; G4=7.5_+2.9 pg/ml. A significant negative correlation was found between serum TNF-~ values and age (r = --0.66; P < 0.001). Furthermore, serum IL-I/J levels positively correlated with age (r 0.54; P < 0.02} and with TNF-~ concentrations (r = 0.64; P < 0.01) in subjects over 50 years of age. According to our data, serum lL-lfl levels show a parabolic pattern throughout life, with the highest values found in young and old subjects, while serum TNF-c~ content undergo a progressive age-dependent decrease.
Acknowledgement. Supported in part by Ram6n Areces Foundation and EUROESPES Foundation. References
Blume, A.J. and Vitek, M.P. (1989) Focusing on IL-l-promotion of fl-amyloid precursor protein synthesis as an early event in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol. Aging 10, 406408. Cacabelos, R. (1991) Funcidn neuroinmune en los trastornos mentales. An. Psiquiatr. 2, 135 154. Cacabelos, R., Alvarez, X.A., Franco, A., Fernfindez-Novoa, L,. Caamafio, J. and del Valle-lnclfin, F. (1992) Therapeutic effects of CDP-choline in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia: psychometric assessment and immune function. Ann. Psychiatry/An. Psiquiatr. 3,233 245.