- Email: [email protected]
Algae from the Peniche coast (Portugal) exhibit new promising antibacterial activities against fish pathogenic bacteria
Abstracts / Current Opinion in Biotechnology 22S (2011) S15–S152
EPS was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
S33
OP2
doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.070
Novel biological approaches to identify nutrition efficiency of feed for farm animals
CSL46
Maksimiljan Brus 1 , Tomaz Langerholc 2 , Dejan Skorjanc 1 , Avrelija Cencic 3
NU!Reha a platform for development of rehabilitation at home
1
Riccardo Magni Pragma Engineering Company, Perugia, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] Telerehabilitation represents a recent development in the field of telemedicine. Although it was recently developing, a number of projects and practical applications are already proposed, also favored by the technological development of the last decade. Telerehabilitation is defined as a rehabilitative treatment that uses electronic technology as a means of communication and information allowing distance application. The main purpose is coming from the need to provide treatment at distance from rehabilitation centers, then it is evolving to more complex scenarios in which economic and social benefits are combined with the need to extend the rehabilitation activities in the chronic phase where a reduction of skills is linked to the learned ‘no use’ of the specific function. The proposed approach has been validated in occupational therapy and rehabilitation of neurological patients: it is based on the concept of multifunctional platform allowing high degree of customization. NU!Reha platform represents an integrated approach for rehabilitation at distance: patient configuration, exercise management, data retrieval and monitoring. It is currently in use in rehabilitation centres for patient in neurological conditions (TBI, Stroke, SM) experimenting specific application protocols: in-hospital, at home, tele-centre. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.071
Chair of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Maribor, Hoce, Slovenia 2 Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Maribor, Hoce, Slovenia 3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Magdalenski trg 5, Maribor, Slovenia E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Brus) To elucidate the influence of three extracts of chestnut, oak and combinations of both and thirteen standards of hydrolysable tannins on bioaccessability and nutrition efficiency in the functional cell model of the pig and human gut. Three cell lines of normal small intestine of pig and one human healthy small intestinal cell line were used in the experimentation. Cytotoxicity, viability and improved function of the intestinal cell epithelial barrier were determined, using standard laboratory methods. In high concentrations of the additives cells reacted with a strong response as shown by the high level of ROS and nitric oxide as well as with low proliferation and mitochondrial activity. 3D cell functional models are very promising for nutrition research and diagnostics in studying the effects of additives in the animal and human gut. For the use of additives in feed and food, these biological approaches offer a valuable tool for optimal concentration of additives determination. Compared with the cancer cell lines, which are very widespread in use, our cell lines provide a more comparable and useful results for actual use in practice. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.073
OP3
Oral Presentations OP1 Behavior of reptiles as a pattern for sustainable architecture in arid climate Mohamad Zare, Davood Rezaei, Samira Noohi School of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Zanjan University, Iran E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Zare) Using biological pattern in different science as a new solution which examined by nature has great efficiency, emergence of bionic in architecture introduces new path which can use in different fields but most of them refers to form and function. Despite mammalians, lack of thermoregulation system in reptiles causes some features which can be a good source to review their behavior in order to compatible with environment. Review of respiratory system and skin characters can introduce new strategy which is usable in architecture. This article concentrate on special species which lives in central desert of Iran and compare its behavior with measures which used by architects in this area. Ultimately it emphasize on two point of view which used by nature and human in order to get more compatibility with environment. In addition it mentions some noticeable points of this pattern which have capability to use in architecture. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.072
Algae from the Peniche coast (Portugal) exhibit new promising antibacterial activities against fish pathogenic bacteria Susete Pinteus, Celso Alves, Ana Rodrigues, Teresa Mouga, Rui Pedrosa Girm-Marine Resources Research Group, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Pinteus) Antibiotics have been used massive as therapeutic agents on aquaculture. The increase in antimicrobial resistance gives good reasons for find new antimicrobial agents. Eleven macroalgae collected from the Peniche coast were extracted with methanol, dichloromethane and n-hexane in order to evaluated the antimicrobial activity against Edwardsiella tarda, Aeromonas aquariorum, Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio anguillarum by the Kirby-Bauer method. The methanolic fractions of Sphaerococcus coronopifolius, Fucus spiralis, Asparagopsis armata and Saccorhiza polyschides presented strong inhibitory activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas aquariorum and Photobacterium damselae. Excluded Fucus spiralis all of these algae also shown activity against Vibrio anguillarum. Sphaerococcus coronopifolius and Asparagopsis armata presented strong activity against Edwardsiella tarda. The dichloromethane fraction of Asparagopsis armata and Sphaerococcus coronopifolius presented
S34
Abstracts / Current Opinion in Biotechnology 22S (2011) S15–S152
activity against Edwardsiella tarda and Aeromonas hydrophila. The n-hexane fraction of Ulva compressa shown activity against Edwardsiella tarda. It is concluded that macroalgae from the Peniche coast are interesting sources for new antimicrobial development against fish pathogenic bacteria. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.074
OP4 Variations in phenolic compounds during biodegradation of olive mill wastewater by Debaryomyces hansenii Emine Akardere 1 , Alper Karakaya 1 , Yahya Laleli 2 , Serpil Takac 3 1
Ankara University Institute of Biotechnology, Ankara, Turkey Duzen Laboratories Ataturk Bulvari, Ankara, Turkey 3 Ankara University Department of Chemical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey 2
E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Akardere) Olive mill wastewater (OMW), which is a by-product of olive oil production process, has detrimental effects on environment arising from its high phenolics content. This study aims at reducing phenolics concentrations in OMW by using D. hansenii as a source of phenol-degrading enzymes and investigating enzymatic degradation mechanisms of phenolic compounds in OMW by this yeast. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin Ciocalteau’s method, phenolics in OMW extract were analyzed with HPLC and phenol-degrading enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically. D. hansenii was cultivated in media containing different concentrations of OMW (5, 10, 25%) and (NH4 )2 SO4 (2, 5 g/L). The highest phenol degradation was obtained in 10% OMW medium with 5 g/L (NH4 )2 SO4 as 79%. The pH of the medium increased during biodegradation. Tannase and tyrosinase diphenolase activities were detected in the media. The decrease in phenolics concentrations was correlated with enzyme activities. It was found that D. hansenii could metabolize OMW as a carbon source and its phenol-degrading enzymes reduced the level of phenolics such as hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. The employment of D. hansenii in OMW treatment as well as its enzyme activities and phenolics profiles during biodegradation was studied for the first time in literature. Acknowledgement: This study has been supported by TUBITAK-109M290. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.075
OP5 Kinetic modeling of the fructooligosaccharides production by Aspergillus oryzae N74 and immobilized glucose isomerase at bench scale Felipe Guio 1 , Oscar Sanchez 2 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Guio) Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are prebiotics used in functional food formulations. To reduce the inhibition effect of glucose released on the reaction and improve FOS yield, only few works have reported the inter-conversion of glucose to fructose by glucose isomerase. The enzymatic FOS production from sucrose using the strain Aspergillus oryzae N74 and a biomass immobilized-
glucose-isomerase (IGI) mixture at bench scale, was evaluated and mathematically modeled in this study. Temperature and pH effect were evaluated to IGI activity and FOS production were carried out at initial sucrose concentration 70% (w/v), pH 5.5, 60◦ C and an aeration rate of 1 vvm. Four kinetic models for FOS production were proposed to experimental data adjustment. They were based on a reaction mechanism described by elementary equations (engineering approach) and modified Michaelis–Menten kinetic equations (classical approach). Using the biomass-IGI mixture a 7.88% increment in FOS yield was observed, which resulted in a 57.34% of FOS production. In addition, the novel model using an engineering approach adjusted biomass and biomass-IGI compounds profiles, with an overall average percentage error of 7.43 and 7.39, respectively. Therefore, this model was suggested to describe the compounds concentrations evolution during FOS production for both cases and could be used for reactor design. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.076
OP6 Improved cell viability of bifidobacterium during freeze drying, storage and gastrointestinal tract transit by microencapsulation for incorporation into infant formulae Seyedeh Fatemeh Shamekhi 1 , Shuhaimi Mustafa 1 , Arbakariya Bin Ariff 2 , Yazid A Manap 3 1
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia 3 Department of Food Service and management, Faculty of Food Science and Technology University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia E-mail address: sf [email protected] (S.F. Shamekhi) To improve the viability of bifidobacteria under freeze-drying process, storage and infantile gastrointestinal tract (GIT) simulation by microencapsulation using special pediatrics prebiotics to produce a breast-milk like nutraceutical for supplementation of infant formulae Initially, probiotic microorganisms were encapsulated with a coat combination of prebiotics-calcium-alginate prior to freeze-drying. Both encapsulated and free cells were then freezedried in their optimized combinations of skim milk and prebiotics. Statistical optimization techniques were used to produce a coating combination as well as drying medium for each strain with the highest survival during freeze-drying. The protective ability of encapsulation was then examined over 120 days of storage at 4 and 25◦ C and exposure to a sequential model of infantile GIT conditions. Maximum survival of encapsulated B. lactis and B. infantis, predicted by models during freeze drying, were 81.2% and 72.1%, whereas those of free cells (as control) were 62.1% and 47.6%, respectively. No significant (P > 0.05) difference between the predicted and experimental values verified the adequacy of all final reduced models. It can be concluded that microencapsulation of B. lactis 10140 and B. infantis 20088 using prebiotics, was a successful effort to produce a stable symbiotic powdery nutraceutical. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.077
EPS was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
S33
OP2
doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.070
Novel biological approaches to identify nutrition efficiency of feed for farm animals
CSL46
Maksimiljan Brus 1 , Tomaz Langerholc 2 , Dejan Skorjanc 1 , Avrelija Cencic 3
NU!Reha a platform for development of rehabilitation at home
1
Riccardo Magni Pragma Engineering Company, Perugia, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] Telerehabilitation represents a recent development in the field of telemedicine. Although it was recently developing, a number of projects and practical applications are already proposed, also favored by the technological development of the last decade. Telerehabilitation is defined as a rehabilitative treatment that uses electronic technology as a means of communication and information allowing distance application. The main purpose is coming from the need to provide treatment at distance from rehabilitation centers, then it is evolving to more complex scenarios in which economic and social benefits are combined with the need to extend the rehabilitation activities in the chronic phase where a reduction of skills is linked to the learned ‘no use’ of the specific function. The proposed approach has been validated in occupational therapy and rehabilitation of neurological patients: it is based on the concept of multifunctional platform allowing high degree of customization. NU!Reha platform represents an integrated approach for rehabilitation at distance: patient configuration, exercise management, data retrieval and monitoring. It is currently in use in rehabilitation centres for patient in neurological conditions (TBI, Stroke, SM) experimenting specific application protocols: in-hospital, at home, tele-centre. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.071
Chair of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Maribor, Hoce, Slovenia 2 Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Maribor, Hoce, Slovenia 3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Magdalenski trg 5, Maribor, Slovenia E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Brus) To elucidate the influence of three extracts of chestnut, oak and combinations of both and thirteen standards of hydrolysable tannins on bioaccessability and nutrition efficiency in the functional cell model of the pig and human gut. Three cell lines of normal small intestine of pig and one human healthy small intestinal cell line were used in the experimentation. Cytotoxicity, viability and improved function of the intestinal cell epithelial barrier were determined, using standard laboratory methods. In high concentrations of the additives cells reacted with a strong response as shown by the high level of ROS and nitric oxide as well as with low proliferation and mitochondrial activity. 3D cell functional models are very promising for nutrition research and diagnostics in studying the effects of additives in the animal and human gut. For the use of additives in feed and food, these biological approaches offer a valuable tool for optimal concentration of additives determination. Compared with the cancer cell lines, which are very widespread in use, our cell lines provide a more comparable and useful results for actual use in practice. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.073
OP3
Oral Presentations OP1 Behavior of reptiles as a pattern for sustainable architecture in arid climate Mohamad Zare, Davood Rezaei, Samira Noohi School of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Zanjan University, Iran E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Zare) Using biological pattern in different science as a new solution which examined by nature has great efficiency, emergence of bionic in architecture introduces new path which can use in different fields but most of them refers to form and function. Despite mammalians, lack of thermoregulation system in reptiles causes some features which can be a good source to review their behavior in order to compatible with environment. Review of respiratory system and skin characters can introduce new strategy which is usable in architecture. This article concentrate on special species which lives in central desert of Iran and compare its behavior with measures which used by architects in this area. Ultimately it emphasize on two point of view which used by nature and human in order to get more compatibility with environment. In addition it mentions some noticeable points of this pattern which have capability to use in architecture. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.072
Algae from the Peniche coast (Portugal) exhibit new promising antibacterial activities against fish pathogenic bacteria Susete Pinteus, Celso Alves, Ana Rodrigues, Teresa Mouga, Rui Pedrosa Girm-Marine Resources Research Group, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Pinteus) Antibiotics have been used massive as therapeutic agents on aquaculture. The increase in antimicrobial resistance gives good reasons for find new antimicrobial agents. Eleven macroalgae collected from the Peniche coast were extracted with methanol, dichloromethane and n-hexane in order to evaluated the antimicrobial activity against Edwardsiella tarda, Aeromonas aquariorum, Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida, Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio anguillarum by the Kirby-Bauer method. The methanolic fractions of Sphaerococcus coronopifolius, Fucus spiralis, Asparagopsis armata and Saccorhiza polyschides presented strong inhibitory activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas aquariorum and Photobacterium damselae. Excluded Fucus spiralis all of these algae also shown activity against Vibrio anguillarum. Sphaerococcus coronopifolius and Asparagopsis armata presented strong activity against Edwardsiella tarda. The dichloromethane fraction of Asparagopsis armata and Sphaerococcus coronopifolius presented
S34
Abstracts / Current Opinion in Biotechnology 22S (2011) S15–S152
activity against Edwardsiella tarda and Aeromonas hydrophila. The n-hexane fraction of Ulva compressa shown activity against Edwardsiella tarda. It is concluded that macroalgae from the Peniche coast are interesting sources for new antimicrobial development against fish pathogenic bacteria. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.074
OP4 Variations in phenolic compounds during biodegradation of olive mill wastewater by Debaryomyces hansenii Emine Akardere 1 , Alper Karakaya 1 , Yahya Laleli 2 , Serpil Takac 3 1
Ankara University Institute of Biotechnology, Ankara, Turkey Duzen Laboratories Ataturk Bulvari, Ankara, Turkey 3 Ankara University Department of Chemical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey 2
E-mail address: [email protected] (E. Akardere) Olive mill wastewater (OMW), which is a by-product of olive oil production process, has detrimental effects on environment arising from its high phenolics content. This study aims at reducing phenolics concentrations in OMW by using D. hansenii as a source of phenol-degrading enzymes and investigating enzymatic degradation mechanisms of phenolic compounds in OMW by this yeast. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin Ciocalteau’s method, phenolics in OMW extract were analyzed with HPLC and phenol-degrading enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically. D. hansenii was cultivated in media containing different concentrations of OMW (5, 10, 25%) and (NH4 )2 SO4 (2, 5 g/L). The highest phenol degradation was obtained in 10% OMW medium with 5 g/L (NH4 )2 SO4 as 79%. The pH of the medium increased during biodegradation. Tannase and tyrosinase diphenolase activities were detected in the media. The decrease in phenolics concentrations was correlated with enzyme activities. It was found that D. hansenii could metabolize OMW as a carbon source and its phenol-degrading enzymes reduced the level of phenolics such as hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. The employment of D. hansenii in OMW treatment as well as its enzyme activities and phenolics profiles during biodegradation was studied for the first time in literature. Acknowledgement: This study has been supported by TUBITAK-109M290. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.075
OP5 Kinetic modeling of the fructooligosaccharides production by Aspergillus oryzae N74 and immobilized glucose isomerase at bench scale Felipe Guio 1 , Oscar Sanchez 2 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Guio) Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are prebiotics used in functional food formulations. To reduce the inhibition effect of glucose released on the reaction and improve FOS yield, only few works have reported the inter-conversion of glucose to fructose by glucose isomerase. The enzymatic FOS production from sucrose using the strain Aspergillus oryzae N74 and a biomass immobilized-
glucose-isomerase (IGI) mixture at bench scale, was evaluated and mathematically modeled in this study. Temperature and pH effect were evaluated to IGI activity and FOS production were carried out at initial sucrose concentration 70% (w/v), pH 5.5, 60◦ C and an aeration rate of 1 vvm. Four kinetic models for FOS production were proposed to experimental data adjustment. They were based on a reaction mechanism described by elementary equations (engineering approach) and modified Michaelis–Menten kinetic equations (classical approach). Using the biomass-IGI mixture a 7.88% increment in FOS yield was observed, which resulted in a 57.34% of FOS production. In addition, the novel model using an engineering approach adjusted biomass and biomass-IGI compounds profiles, with an overall average percentage error of 7.43 and 7.39, respectively. Therefore, this model was suggested to describe the compounds concentrations evolution during FOS production for both cases and could be used for reactor design. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.076
OP6 Improved cell viability of bifidobacterium during freeze drying, storage and gastrointestinal tract transit by microencapsulation for incorporation into infant formulae Seyedeh Fatemeh Shamekhi 1 , Shuhaimi Mustafa 1 , Arbakariya Bin Ariff 2 , Yazid A Manap 3 1
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia 3 Department of Food Service and management, Faculty of Food Science and Technology University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia E-mail address: sf [email protected] (S.F. Shamekhi) To improve the viability of bifidobacteria under freeze-drying process, storage and infantile gastrointestinal tract (GIT) simulation by microencapsulation using special pediatrics prebiotics to produce a breast-milk like nutraceutical for supplementation of infant formulae Initially, probiotic microorganisms were encapsulated with a coat combination of prebiotics-calcium-alginate prior to freeze-drying. Both encapsulated and free cells were then freezedried in their optimized combinations of skim milk and prebiotics. Statistical optimization techniques were used to produce a coating combination as well as drying medium for each strain with the highest survival during freeze-drying. The protective ability of encapsulation was then examined over 120 days of storage at 4 and 25◦ C and exposure to a sequential model of infantile GIT conditions. Maximum survival of encapsulated B. lactis and B. infantis, predicted by models during freeze drying, were 81.2% and 72.1%, whereas those of free cells (as control) were 62.1% and 47.6%, respectively. No significant (P > 0.05) difference between the predicted and experimental values verified the adequacy of all final reduced models. It can be concluded that microencapsulation of B. lactis 10140 and B. infantis 20088 using prebiotics, was a successful effort to produce a stable symbiotic powdery nutraceutical. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.077