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Alleviation of copper induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in tomato by Corchourus olitorius and Urtica pilulifera extracts
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Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 185S (2014) S18–S36
medium producing 7 fertile green plants. The regenerants were initially placed to MS medium without hormones to promote roots development and then into soil. For sterile haploid plants a stem nodes method was used to cultivate fertile plants. The obtained glutinous dihaploids showed improvement in agronomic traits. Electrophoretic analysis showed very low amylose content in seed storage proteins with variation from 1.86 to 3.17% that is associated with mutations frequency that is higher for diploid lines derived from anther culture. Overall, the optimization of dihaploid technique application to produce glutinous dihaploids in rice anther culture showed positive results to create productive material for glutinous rice breeding in Kazakhstan. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.107 Exploring Artemisia annua cell compartmentalization engineering Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano 1,∗ , Alessio Latino 1 , Daniela Di Barbora 2 , Francesca Rizzello 2 , Miriana Durante 2 , Sofia Caretto 2 , Angelo De Paolis 2 , Gabriella Piro 1 , Giovanni Mita 2 1
DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, Lecce 73100, Italy 2 Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] (G.P. Di Sansebastiano). Plants are ideal bioreactors for the production of macromolecules but transport mechanisms are not fully understood and cannot be easily manipulated. Several attempts to overproduce recombinant proteins or secondary metabolites failed. Because of an independent regulation of the storage compartment, the product may be rapidly degraded or cause self-intoxication. We explore here a novel strategy based on compartmentalization engineering using modified SNARE proteins as molecular tools. We used a truncated form of AtSYP51 to induce a stable compartment generated by the contribution of endocytosis and ER-to-Vacuole traffic. To test the biotechnological potential of this strategy we characterized this artificial compartment in cultivated cells of Artemisia annua producing the antimalarial sesquiterpene “artemisinin”. The accumulation naturally occurs in the apoplast of glandular trichomes involving autophagy and unconventional secretion but production in suspension cultures is problematic. The artificial compartment crossing exocytosis and endocytosis may trap artemisinin stabilizing it until extraction. Facing negative consequences on cellular viability, we explored the biological characteristics of this artificial compartment gaining new insights on the function of the SNARE SYP51, recently shown to be an interfering-SNARE, and new hits to engineer eukaryotes endomembranes for future biotechnological applications. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.108
Alleviation of copper induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in tomato by Corchourus olitorius and Urtica pilulifera extracts Özlem Darcansoy Is¸eri 1,∗ , Didem Aksoy Körpe 3 , Feride Iffet Sahin 2 , Mehmet Haberal 3 1 Institute of Transplantation and Gene Sciences, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey 3 Department General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
E-mail address: [email protected] (Ö.D. Is¸eri). According to our previous studies, high concentrations of copper exert multiple toxic effects on tomato. We also determined high free radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of Corchourus olitorius (jute) and Urtica pilulifera (Roman nettle) extracts against phytopathogens. Our present aim was to test whether pretreatment or treatment of tomato seeds with extracts would alleviate copper induced oxidative and genotoxic damage or enhance antioxidant response. Tomato seeds were either pretreated with 100 g/mL jute or nettle methanol seed extracts or the extract treatments were performed during copper exposure. Toxic copper concentrations (EC50:30 ppm) were applied for 7 days. Malondialdehyde and endogenous H2 O2 levels significantly decreased in all extract pretreatment or treatment copper exposure groups. Catalase activity significantly increased due to nettle pretreatment and jute treatments. Increased ascorbate peroxidase activity under copper stress was not detected in extract groups. Extract treatments and jute pretreatment significantly decreased copper induced DNA damage of root nuclei. Jute seed extract contains salicylic acid and quercetin which can be correlated to the observed effects. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating protective effects of plant extract treatments against copper stress of tomato seedlings applied as seed pretreatment before germination or supplied during seedling development. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.109 The states of coenpopulations of endemic, relict and rare species of plant Ferula iliensis and their protection Alibek Ydyrys 1,∗ , Nashtay Mukhitdinov 1 , Abdulla Abbas 3 , Zinat Mukhitdinova 2 , Abibulla Ametov 1 , Bekzat Tynybekov 1 , Aigul Akhmetova 1 , Karime Abidkulova 1 1 Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al Farabi 71, 050038 Almaty, Kazakhstan 2 Laboratory Cryopreserved Germplasm, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan 3 Life Science and Technological Institute at Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
E-mail address: alibek05 [email protected] (A. Ydyrys). The subjects for the study were taken seeds of two populations of Ferula iliensis. Material collected on Ili Alatau (the first population collected in the mountain Sugaty, the second population collected in the mountains Boguty). It was observed that the seeds were subjected to more days of stratification, the greater the percentage of germination. Seed germination of two populations differs in growth rate. Seeds of a
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 185S (2014) S18–S36
medium producing 7 fertile green plants. The regenerants were initially placed to MS medium without hormones to promote roots development and then into soil. For sterile haploid plants a stem nodes method was used to cultivate fertile plants. The obtained glutinous dihaploids showed improvement in agronomic traits. Electrophoretic analysis showed very low amylose content in seed storage proteins with variation from 1.86 to 3.17% that is associated with mutations frequency that is higher for diploid lines derived from anther culture. Overall, the optimization of dihaploid technique application to produce glutinous dihaploids in rice anther culture showed positive results to create productive material for glutinous rice breeding in Kazakhstan. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.107 Exploring Artemisia annua cell compartmentalization engineering Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano 1,∗ , Alessio Latino 1 , Daniela Di Barbora 2 , Francesca Rizzello 2 , Miriana Durante 2 , Sofia Caretto 2 , Angelo De Paolis 2 , Gabriella Piro 1 , Giovanni Mita 2 1
DiSTeBA (Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali), University of Salento, Campus ECOTEKNE, Lecce 73100, Italy 2 Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R. Unit of Lecce, via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy E-mail address: [email protected] (G.P. Di Sansebastiano). Plants are ideal bioreactors for the production of macromolecules but transport mechanisms are not fully understood and cannot be easily manipulated. Several attempts to overproduce recombinant proteins or secondary metabolites failed. Because of an independent regulation of the storage compartment, the product may be rapidly degraded or cause self-intoxication. We explore here a novel strategy based on compartmentalization engineering using modified SNARE proteins as molecular tools. We used a truncated form of AtSYP51 to induce a stable compartment generated by the contribution of endocytosis and ER-to-Vacuole traffic. To test the biotechnological potential of this strategy we characterized this artificial compartment in cultivated cells of Artemisia annua producing the antimalarial sesquiterpene “artemisinin”. The accumulation naturally occurs in the apoplast of glandular trichomes involving autophagy and unconventional secretion but production in suspension cultures is problematic. The artificial compartment crossing exocytosis and endocytosis may trap artemisinin stabilizing it until extraction. Facing negative consequences on cellular viability, we explored the biological characteristics of this artificial compartment gaining new insights on the function of the SNARE SYP51, recently shown to be an interfering-SNARE, and new hits to engineer eukaryotes endomembranes for future biotechnological applications. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.108
Alleviation of copper induced oxidative damage and genotoxicity in tomato by Corchourus olitorius and Urtica pilulifera extracts Özlem Darcansoy Is¸eri 1,∗ , Didem Aksoy Körpe 3 , Feride Iffet Sahin 2 , Mehmet Haberal 3 1 Institute of Transplantation and Gene Sciences, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey 3 Department General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
E-mail address: [email protected] (Ö.D. Is¸eri). According to our previous studies, high concentrations of copper exert multiple toxic effects on tomato. We also determined high free radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of Corchourus olitorius (jute) and Urtica pilulifera (Roman nettle) extracts against phytopathogens. Our present aim was to test whether pretreatment or treatment of tomato seeds with extracts would alleviate copper induced oxidative and genotoxic damage or enhance antioxidant response. Tomato seeds were either pretreated with 100 g/mL jute or nettle methanol seed extracts or the extract treatments were performed during copper exposure. Toxic copper concentrations (EC50:30 ppm) were applied for 7 days. Malondialdehyde and endogenous H2 O2 levels significantly decreased in all extract pretreatment or treatment copper exposure groups. Catalase activity significantly increased due to nettle pretreatment and jute treatments. Increased ascorbate peroxidase activity under copper stress was not detected in extract groups. Extract treatments and jute pretreatment significantly decreased copper induced DNA damage of root nuclei. Jute seed extract contains salicylic acid and quercetin which can be correlated to the observed effects. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating protective effects of plant extract treatments against copper stress of tomato seedlings applied as seed pretreatment before germination or supplied during seedling development. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.109 The states of coenpopulations of endemic, relict and rare species of plant Ferula iliensis and their protection Alibek Ydyrys 1,∗ , Nashtay Mukhitdinov 1 , Abdulla Abbas 3 , Zinat Mukhitdinova 2 , Abibulla Ametov 1 , Bekzat Tynybekov 1 , Aigul Akhmetova 1 , Karime Abidkulova 1 1 Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al Farabi 71, 050038 Almaty, Kazakhstan 2 Laboratory Cryopreserved Germplasm, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan 3 Life Science and Technological Institute at Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
E-mail address: alibek05 [email protected] (A. Ydyrys). The subjects for the study were taken seeds of two populations of Ferula iliensis. Material collected on Ili Alatau (the first population collected in the mountain Sugaty, the second population collected in the mountains Boguty). It was observed that the seeds were subjected to more days of stratification, the greater the percentage of germination. Seed germination of two populations differs in growth rate. Seeds of a