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Altrenogest
Altrenogest 21
Formulations • Alprazolam is available in 0.25-, 0.5-, 1-, and 2-mg tablets and 1- and 2-mg scored tablets. • Rapidly dissolving tablets (Niravam) are available in 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg that can be cut for accurate dosing.
Stability and Storage Store in a tightly sealed container, protected from light, and at room temperature. Drug is stable in some compounded formulations for 60 days.
Small Animal Dosage Dogs • 0.025-0.1 mg/kg q8h PO. Administration more frequently (q4-6h) has been used in some patients. Cats • 0.125 mg per cat q12h PO (half of 0.25-mg tablet) or 0.0125-0.025 mg/kg q12h PO, and up to q8h.
Large Animal Dosage • Loading dose of 0.1 mg/kg initially, followed by 0.04 mg/kg q12h, PO.
Regulatory Information No regulatory information is available. For extralabel use withdrawal interval estimates, contact FARAD at 1-888-USFARAD (1-888-873-2723). RCI Classification: 2
Altrenogest al-tren´-oh-jest
Trade and other names: Regu-Mate, Matrix Functional classification: Hormone
Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action Altrenogest is an active synthetic progestin hormone. As a progesterone agonist, it is primarily used to suppress estrus in animals. Suppression of estrus allows for a predictable occurrence of estrous activity after the drug is discontinued. Therefore it is used to induce a normal cycle of estrous activity to facilitate scheduled breeding. When treatment is initiated, 95% of the mares will have an estrous cycle suppressed in 3 days.
Indications and Clinical Uses Altrenogest is indicated to suppress estrus in animals to facilitate induction of normal estrous cycle activity. It is used in mares to facilitate scheduled breeding activity. It is also used to suppress estrous behavior in performance horses. When treatment is discontinued, mares exhibiting regular estrous cycles return to estrus within 4 to 5 days following treatment and continue to cycle normally. In swine, altrenogest is used for synchronization of estrus in sexually mature gilts that have had at least one estrous cycle. Do not use in gilts having a previous or current history of uterine inflammation (i.e., acute, subacute, or chronic endometritis).
A
22 Aluminum Hydroxide and Aluminum Carbonate
Precautionary Information Contraindications and Precautions Do not administer to pregnant animals. Humans handling altrenogest, particularly women, should wear gloves and avoid contact because altrenogest can be absorbed in humans through intact skin. Altrenogest should not be used in mares or in gilts with a previous history of uterine problems (metritis).
Instructions for Use Administer altrenogest 1 dose daily for 15 days, orally on grain or directly on the horse’s tongue. In pigs, administer as a top dressing or with feed.
Patient Monitoring and Laboratory Tests Monitor for signs of estrous activity. Monitor CBC in cases of overdose.
Formulations • Altrenogest is available in an oil solution of 0.22% (2.2 mg/mL).
Stability and Storage Store in well-closed containers at room temperature.
Small Animal Dosage • No dose available.
Large Animal Dosage Horses • 0.044 mg/kg (or 1 mL per 110 pounds) orally once per day for 15 days. Swine • Administer 6.8 mL (15 mg altrenogest) per gilt once daily for 14 consecutive days by top-dressing on a portion of each gilt’s daily feed.
Regulatory Information Do not use in horses intended for food. In pigs, gilts must not be slaughtered for human consumption for 21 days after the last treatment. Do not administer to other food-producing animals.
Aluminum Hydroxide and Aluminum Carbonate ah-loo´mih-num hye-droks´ide, ah-loo´mih-num kar´boe-nate
Trade and other names: Aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel) and aluminum carbonate gel (Basalgel) Functional classification: Antacid
Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action Aluminum is an antacid and phosphate binder in intestine. It is used in both the aluminum hydroxide and aluminum carbonate formulations.
Indications and Clinical Uses A common use of aluminum hydroxide is for its antacid properties to treat or manage gastrointestinal ulcers. Also, it is used as a phosphate binder. It is indicated in animals with hyperphosphatemia associated with chronic renal failure, often in combination with phosphorus-restricted diets. Because of the decreased availability of products
Formulations • Alprazolam is available in 0.25-, 0.5-, 1-, and 2-mg tablets and 1- and 2-mg scored tablets. • Rapidly dissolving tablets (Niravam) are available in 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg that can be cut for accurate dosing.
Stability and Storage Store in a tightly sealed container, protected from light, and at room temperature. Drug is stable in some compounded formulations for 60 days.
Small Animal Dosage Dogs • 0.025-0.1 mg/kg q8h PO. Administration more frequently (q4-6h) has been used in some patients. Cats • 0.125 mg per cat q12h PO (half of 0.25-mg tablet) or 0.0125-0.025 mg/kg q12h PO, and up to q8h.
Large Animal Dosage • Loading dose of 0.1 mg/kg initially, followed by 0.04 mg/kg q12h, PO.
Regulatory Information No regulatory information is available. For extralabel use withdrawal interval estimates, contact FARAD at 1-888-USFARAD (1-888-873-2723). RCI Classification: 2
Altrenogest al-tren´-oh-jest
Trade and other names: Regu-Mate, Matrix Functional classification: Hormone
Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action Altrenogest is an active synthetic progestin hormone. As a progesterone agonist, it is primarily used to suppress estrus in animals. Suppression of estrus allows for a predictable occurrence of estrous activity after the drug is discontinued. Therefore it is used to induce a normal cycle of estrous activity to facilitate scheduled breeding. When treatment is initiated, 95% of the mares will have an estrous cycle suppressed in 3 days.
Indications and Clinical Uses Altrenogest is indicated to suppress estrus in animals to facilitate induction of normal estrous cycle activity. It is used in mares to facilitate scheduled breeding activity. It is also used to suppress estrous behavior in performance horses. When treatment is discontinued, mares exhibiting regular estrous cycles return to estrus within 4 to 5 days following treatment and continue to cycle normally. In swine, altrenogest is used for synchronization of estrus in sexually mature gilts that have had at least one estrous cycle. Do not use in gilts having a previous or current history of uterine inflammation (i.e., acute, subacute, or chronic endometritis).
A
22 Aluminum Hydroxide and Aluminum Carbonate
Precautionary Information Contraindications and Precautions Do not administer to pregnant animals. Humans handling altrenogest, particularly women, should wear gloves and avoid contact because altrenogest can be absorbed in humans through intact skin. Altrenogest should not be used in mares or in gilts with a previous history of uterine problems (metritis).
Instructions for Use Administer altrenogest 1 dose daily for 15 days, orally on grain or directly on the horse’s tongue. In pigs, administer as a top dressing or with feed.
Patient Monitoring and Laboratory Tests Monitor for signs of estrous activity. Monitor CBC in cases of overdose.
Formulations • Altrenogest is available in an oil solution of 0.22% (2.2 mg/mL).
Stability and Storage Store in well-closed containers at room temperature.
Small Animal Dosage • No dose available.
Large Animal Dosage Horses • 0.044 mg/kg (or 1 mL per 110 pounds) orally once per day for 15 days. Swine • Administer 6.8 mL (15 mg altrenogest) per gilt once daily for 14 consecutive days by top-dressing on a portion of each gilt’s daily feed.
Regulatory Information Do not use in horses intended for food. In pigs, gilts must not be slaughtered for human consumption for 21 days after the last treatment. Do not administer to other food-producing animals.
Aluminum Hydroxide and Aluminum Carbonate ah-loo´mih-num hye-droks´ide, ah-loo´mih-num kar´boe-nate
Trade and other names: Aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel) and aluminum carbonate gel (Basalgel) Functional classification: Antacid
Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action Aluminum is an antacid and phosphate binder in intestine. It is used in both the aluminum hydroxide and aluminum carbonate formulations.
Indications and Clinical Uses A common use of aluminum hydroxide is for its antacid properties to treat or manage gastrointestinal ulcers. Also, it is used as a phosphate binder. It is indicated in animals with hyperphosphatemia associated with chronic renal failure, often in combination with phosphorus-restricted diets. Because of the decreased availability of products