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An introduction to African criminology
166
CURRENT
PUBLICATION
ABSTRACTS
patrols resulted in a decrease in the number of felonies both during the hours of increased manning (a deterrent effect) and during the rest of the day (a phantom effect). Displacement of crime is analyzed via the relationship between subway and bus robberies. Robberies were found to be focused on a small number of subway stations located in areas with high surface crime rates. It was found that stakeout techniques developed by detectives to arrest token-booth robbers were effective, but they did not appear to deter crime. The authors recommend redeploying police to times and locations with high crime while capitalizing on the phantom effect. A list of references and several figures illustrating the authors’ findings are included. An Introduction
to African Criminology
by William Clifford.
Oxford University Press (200 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016), hardcover - $13.25.
1974, 212 pp.,
Clifford is a former senior consultant to the United Nations and served as consultant to the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders. This book is designed for African students of criminology, but it also provides both a general background to criminology for those with more general interests, and a review of the work which has been done in the field to date. The book is divided into two parts. Part I contains three chapters dealing with criminology, criminology in Africa, and causation in terms of the supernatural, early attempts at systematic study, more recent theories, and general observations on the causes of crime. Part II also contains three chapters. These involve discussions of prediction; special problems such as homicide, incest, the use of drugs, white collar crime, and juvenile delinquency; and prevention and treatment. A discussion of planning for future crime in Africa is contained in the appendix, and an index is included. Jails and Justice by Paul F. Cromwell, Jr. Charles C. Thomas (301-327 East Lawrence Avenue, Springfield, hardcover - $14.95, paperback - $10.50.
Illinois 62703),
1975, 320 pp.,
Cromwell is a professor of criminology at San Antonio College, and this book was written in collaboration with Joseph H. Schryver of the United States Bureau of Prisons. The book is “a collection of the most progressive thoughts in modem jail management,” and is meant to provide a serious analysis of the need for jail reform, suggestions for effective jail management, and alternatives to traditional means of detention. The contributors include criminologists, jail administrators, attorneys, judges, law prefessors, and the Task Force on Corrections of the National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals. The book is divided into four sections. Section I sets the stage by reviewing the problems of American jails, and Section II deals with the practical considerations in administration and management. Section III consists of selections from “many of the finest and most progressive criminologists in America.” Alternative solutions to jail dilemmas are offered, and the community corrections concept is analyzed in depth. Section IV analyzes the death of the “hands-off’ doctrine and the evolution of judicial involvement in the affairs of jail management. Prisoner legal rights are also discussed and developed. A selected bibliography is presented, and the appendixes include decisions from U.S.
CURRENT
PUBLICATION
ABSTRACTS
patrols resulted in a decrease in the number of felonies both during the hours of increased manning (a deterrent effect) and during the rest of the day (a phantom effect). Displacement of crime is analyzed via the relationship between subway and bus robberies. Robberies were found to be focused on a small number of subway stations located in areas with high surface crime rates. It was found that stakeout techniques developed by detectives to arrest token-booth robbers were effective, but they did not appear to deter crime. The authors recommend redeploying police to times and locations with high crime while capitalizing on the phantom effect. A list of references and several figures illustrating the authors’ findings are included. An Introduction
to African Criminology
by William Clifford.
Oxford University Press (200 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016), hardcover - $13.25.
1974, 212 pp.,
Clifford is a former senior consultant to the United Nations and served as consultant to the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders. This book is designed for African students of criminology, but it also provides both a general background to criminology for those with more general interests, and a review of the work which has been done in the field to date. The book is divided into two parts. Part I contains three chapters dealing with criminology, criminology in Africa, and causation in terms of the supernatural, early attempts at systematic study, more recent theories, and general observations on the causes of crime. Part II also contains three chapters. These involve discussions of prediction; special problems such as homicide, incest, the use of drugs, white collar crime, and juvenile delinquency; and prevention and treatment. A discussion of planning for future crime in Africa is contained in the appendix, and an index is included. Jails and Justice by Paul F. Cromwell, Jr. Charles C. Thomas (301-327 East Lawrence Avenue, Springfield, hardcover - $14.95, paperback - $10.50.
Illinois 62703),
1975, 320 pp.,
Cromwell is a professor of criminology at San Antonio College, and this book was written in collaboration with Joseph H. Schryver of the United States Bureau of Prisons. The book is “a collection of the most progressive thoughts in modem jail management,” and is meant to provide a serious analysis of the need for jail reform, suggestions for effective jail management, and alternatives to traditional means of detention. The contributors include criminologists, jail administrators, attorneys, judges, law prefessors, and the Task Force on Corrections of the National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals. The book is divided into four sections. Section I sets the stage by reviewing the problems of American jails, and Section II deals with the practical considerations in administration and management. Section III consists of selections from “many of the finest and most progressive criminologists in America.” Alternative solutions to jail dilemmas are offered, and the community corrections concept is analyzed in depth. Section IV analyzes the death of the “hands-off’ doctrine and the evolution of judicial involvement in the affairs of jail management. Prisoner legal rights are also discussed and developed. A selected bibliography is presented, and the appendixes include decisions from U.S.