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AN IRRIGATOR REGULATOR.
835 date. A large number of well-executed woodcuts have been added. It may be recommended to the student as one of the best manuals he can possess as a guide and companion in his physiological work, and as one that will usefully supplement the course given by a physiological teacher. An Elementary Text-book of Physiology. By VINCENT T. MURCHÉ, Head Master of Boundary-lane Board School. London : Blackie & Son. Pp. 202.-This little book will prove useful to those for whom it is intended-namely, the students following the science and art syllabus. It gives a short but accurate description of the skeleton, and notices briefly the muscles, the organs of circulation, digestion, and respiration, the nervous system and senses. The woodcuts as a rule are good, those of the blood-corpuscles (on p. 71) and of the brain (p. 107) being exceptions. A useful feature of the book is the large number of questions which are interpolated between the chapters.
tions are arranged in the type familiar from Brewer’s "Guide to Science " or Magnall’s "Questions." There is considerable danger to the student’s chances of success if he ventures to reproduce these answers before an astute examiner-e. g., the strength of Fowler’s solution and liquor arsenici hydrochloricus is given in an offhand way : "Like most of the poisonous liquors, 1 per cent." But no mention is here given of the names or strengths of the implied exceptions. If used only " the night before the examination" this catechism may usefully suggest sundry appreciative gaps; but students would be very ill-advised who relied upon the cramming it affords in place of a text-book. 02ctlines of Practical Physiology. By WILLIAM STIRLING, M.D., Sc.D. Second Edition, with 234 Illustrations. London: Charles Griffin and Co. 1890.—We have already stated the high opinion we entertain of this useful work. This, the second edition, has been thoroughly worked up to
the distal ends of the levers, and it is automatically closed immediately this pressure is relieved. The advantages of this arrangement over the methods at present in use (clips, cocks, or pinching between the fingers) are that the one hand that holds and directs the tube has absolute control AN IRRIGATOR REGULATOR. over the stream in diminishing or increasing its force, and THE figure shows a clamp for controlling the flow from the clamp automatically stops the flow the instant the tube the ordinary cistern irrigator. On the glass tube, is laid down or the pressure by the fingers relieved. This the nozzle of the irrigator, is slipped the brass ring A, on instrument is the design of Mr. T. W. Ogilvie, student of
New Inventions.
forming
are hinged a pair of brass levers (B), each lever carry ing a T-piece (c) at its proximal end. The rubber tube of the irrigator is nipped and closed between the transverse bars of the T-pieces, the necessary pressure being maino’ tained by a rubber band acting at D, or by steel springs at E. The tube is opened to any degree by simply pressing on
which
Imedicine, Aberdeen, and may be obtained from the maker, ‘: Mr. John Stevenson, School-hill. Aberdeen. The clamp is made with the simple ring A to fit one size of tube, and also
Ie I
with the
screw
adjustment shown at A’ to fit various tubes. Professor of
ALEX. OGSTON, Surgery, University of Aberdeen.
the face-piece ; further, by having the central tube in the MESSRS. KROHNE AND SESEMANN’S IMPROVED Skinner’s mask perforated with numerous apertures, the CHLOROFORM INHALER. blast of chloroform is diffused as an atmosphere rather than THIS inhaler is based upon Junker’s chloroform inhaler, pumped as a jet against the face. There is also a graduated which has been some years before the profession, but is a stopcock in the course of the afferent tube, the object of very great improvement upon the original apparatus. As which is to regulate the amount of vapour passed out of at present made, it consists of a two-ounce bottle, gra- the chloroform by restricting the supply of air. It is clear, duated in drachms, and supplied with an air-tight screw however, that this object cannot so be obtained, as the top, perforated by two tubes : one, the afferent, is con- amount of air passed through will not vary directly as the nected by indiarubber tubing with a hand bellows like area of the section of the tube. It is estimated that each time that used in Richardson’s ether spray atomiser ; and the hand bellows is completely emptied 5’19 cubic inches of the other, the efferent, with the indiarubber tubing air are made to traverse the and that one minim connected with the vulcanite face-piece. The afferent of that substance will thereby be volatilised; it is hence tube reaches almost to the bottom of the bottle, the claimed that the percentage vapour of chloroform given oil’ efferent only just to half an inch below the stopper. is always below that which is considered dangerous. The Four or seven drachms of chloroform are introduced by un- apparatus as now presented to us is undoubtedly an imscrewing the top. The vulcanite face-piece differs from the provement upon the old inhaler, and affords one of the best
chloroform,
original one in having a feather indicator which blows up methods at present before the profession for giving chloroin expiration and drops in inspiration. This is intended to form. It may be added that for operations in which the act as a respiration indicator. The vulcanite face-piece face-piece cannot he employed Messrs. Krohne and Sesealso is replaceable by a Skinner’s mask covered with flannel, mann supply a bent pliable metal tube, which can be used the covering being removable for washing or replacement by for anaesthetising through the nose or mouth. The vula fresh flannel cap which stretches over the wire frame. canite face-piece is supplied with a movable indiarubber An arrangement in the tubes permits of a continuous rather band fitted with an air cushion for use when the vulcanite than an intermittent blast of chloroform vapourentering will not readily apply itself to the face,
tions are arranged in the type familiar from Brewer’s "Guide to Science " or Magnall’s "Questions." There is considerable danger to the student’s chances of success if he ventures to reproduce these answers before an astute examiner-e. g., the strength of Fowler’s solution and liquor arsenici hydrochloricus is given in an offhand way : "Like most of the poisonous liquors, 1 per cent." But no mention is here given of the names or strengths of the implied exceptions. If used only " the night before the examination" this catechism may usefully suggest sundry appreciative gaps; but students would be very ill-advised who relied upon the cramming it affords in place of a text-book. 02ctlines of Practical Physiology. By WILLIAM STIRLING, M.D., Sc.D. Second Edition, with 234 Illustrations. London: Charles Griffin and Co. 1890.—We have already stated the high opinion we entertain of this useful work. This, the second edition, has been thoroughly worked up to
the distal ends of the levers, and it is automatically closed immediately this pressure is relieved. The advantages of this arrangement over the methods at present in use (clips, cocks, or pinching between the fingers) are that the one hand that holds and directs the tube has absolute control AN IRRIGATOR REGULATOR. over the stream in diminishing or increasing its force, and THE figure shows a clamp for controlling the flow from the clamp automatically stops the flow the instant the tube the ordinary cistern irrigator. On the glass tube, is laid down or the pressure by the fingers relieved. This the nozzle of the irrigator, is slipped the brass ring A, on instrument is the design of Mr. T. W. Ogilvie, student of
New Inventions.
forming
are hinged a pair of brass levers (B), each lever carry ing a T-piece (c) at its proximal end. The rubber tube of the irrigator is nipped and closed between the transverse bars of the T-pieces, the necessary pressure being maino’ tained by a rubber band acting at D, or by steel springs at E. The tube is opened to any degree by simply pressing on
which
Imedicine, Aberdeen, and may be obtained from the maker, ‘: Mr. John Stevenson, School-hill. Aberdeen. The clamp is made with the simple ring A to fit one size of tube, and also
Ie I
with the
screw
adjustment shown at A’ to fit various tubes. Professor of
ALEX. OGSTON, Surgery, University of Aberdeen.
the face-piece ; further, by having the central tube in the MESSRS. KROHNE AND SESEMANN’S IMPROVED Skinner’s mask perforated with numerous apertures, the CHLOROFORM INHALER. blast of chloroform is diffused as an atmosphere rather than THIS inhaler is based upon Junker’s chloroform inhaler, pumped as a jet against the face. There is also a graduated which has been some years before the profession, but is a stopcock in the course of the afferent tube, the object of very great improvement upon the original apparatus. As which is to regulate the amount of vapour passed out of at present made, it consists of a two-ounce bottle, gra- the chloroform by restricting the supply of air. It is clear, duated in drachms, and supplied with an air-tight screw however, that this object cannot so be obtained, as the top, perforated by two tubes : one, the afferent, is con- amount of air passed through will not vary directly as the nected by indiarubber tubing with a hand bellows like area of the section of the tube. It is estimated that each time that used in Richardson’s ether spray atomiser ; and the hand bellows is completely emptied 5’19 cubic inches of the other, the efferent, with the indiarubber tubing air are made to traverse the and that one minim connected with the vulcanite face-piece. The afferent of that substance will thereby be volatilised; it is hence tube reaches almost to the bottom of the bottle, the claimed that the percentage vapour of chloroform given oil’ efferent only just to half an inch below the stopper. is always below that which is considered dangerous. The Four or seven drachms of chloroform are introduced by un- apparatus as now presented to us is undoubtedly an imscrewing the top. The vulcanite face-piece differs from the provement upon the old inhaler, and affords one of the best
chloroform,
original one in having a feather indicator which blows up methods at present before the profession for giving chloroin expiration and drops in inspiration. This is intended to form. It may be added that for operations in which the act as a respiration indicator. The vulcanite face-piece face-piece cannot he employed Messrs. Krohne and Sesealso is replaceable by a Skinner’s mask covered with flannel, mann supply a bent pliable metal tube, which can be used the covering being removable for washing or replacement by for anaesthetising through the nose or mouth. The vula fresh flannel cap which stretches over the wire frame. canite face-piece is supplied with a movable indiarubber An arrangement in the tubes permits of a continuous rather band fitted with an air cushion for use when the vulcanite than an intermittent blast of chloroform vapourentering will not readily apply itself to the face,