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Analyzing the engineering properties of sand deposit by CPTU in Taiwan — at the area of Taichung harbour
297A frequency of fractures, a statistically significant equation is derived which may have potential for prediction of properties of fractured and layered strata. 935226 Monitoring of loosened zone around rock caverns by acoustic emission measurement Aoki, K; Toida, M; Koshizuka, K Proe 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomeehanies, Oslo, 9-11 September 1991 V1, P395-403. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 Acoustic emission techniques adopted to monitor stability of storage caverns in Japan are described. The parameter mvalue, ratio of AE amplitude to occurrence frequency, is used in addition to AE count rate to detect loosened zones. Calculations for m-value are presented. Effects of pre-existing fractures and rock pressure on m-value have been investigated for granodiorite and rhyolite rocks. Field measurements made during cavern excavation are illustrated. 935227 Geophysical monitoring of 'rock bolt/rock mass' system and its variation with time during construction of large underground works Ezersky, M G; Zhukov, V N; Jakubov, V A Proc International Symposium on Rock Support, Sudbury, 1619 June 1992 P245-253. Publ Rotterdam." A A Balkema, 1992 Application of ultrasonic and acoustic methods to monitoring of bolted rock masses is described. The Hao Binh Project in Vietnam is in volcanic rocks intruded by diabase dykes. The Rogun Dam Project in Tajikistan is in steeply dipping layered siltstones and sandstones. Although the methods used are indirect, they have physically justifiable relations with characteristics of the state of the rock mass and support. They are economic and rapid and monitoring of large numbers of support elements is practical.
Borehole and core logging 935228 Analysis of dliptic vanes. Note Silvestri, V; Tabib, C Can Geotech J V29, N6, Dec 1992, P993-997 Stress concentration effects in interpreting the vane shear test can be reduced if a smooth shaped vane replaces the standard vane with its sharp corners. A theoretical analysis is presented for a smooth elliptical vane using both uniform and triangular shear stress distributions. Field tests using two elliptical vanes and a standard Nilsen vane have been carried out to determine the applicability of the elliptical vane for measurement of undrained shear strength. 935229 Sampling sediment on a complex site Nocera, J J; Matthews, G P; Simmons, T M Civ Engng, N Y V63, N3, March 1993, P54-56 The remediation treatment for an 80 acre site of a former battery factory,with contamination from Cd, Pb, Ni, and Co, located on the banks of the Hudson river is described. Sampling was necessary in upland, marsh, and open water sites. The most heavily contaminated area of tidal wetland was almost inaccessible, and it was necessary to sample from an amphibious vehicle and to use a gravity corer modified to cut through dense surface vegetation. Sampling from boats or pontoons was required in water covered areas, with equipment selected to match soil conditions.
935230 Development of electric static cone penetration testing in Great Britain from 1972-1992 Erwig, H Ground Engng V26, N3, March 1993, P30-34 Advances made in onshore and offshore CPT use over the past 20 years are outlined. The major advances onshore are concerned with improving mobility and site accessibility of the rigs. Offshore CPTs are generally conducted using jack-up rigs. Equipment advances to maximise measurement sensitivity, including the subtraction type cone, are described. Further opportunities for research and development are considered, 935231 Effect of weilbore condition on wireline and MWD neutron density logs Allen, D F; Best, D L; Evans, M; Holenka, J M SPE Form Eval V8, N1, March 1993, P50-56 The condition of the wellbore and its corresponding effect on log readings must be assessed and compensated for in formation evaluation. Different logging systems respond differently to the wellbore environment. This is examined for MWD and wireline neutron density logs. Effects of change of wellbore condition with time must also be taken in account. 935232 Simple speed-control and data-logging systems for piezocone testing Berrill, J B; Grey, G R; Van Dyk, J G C Proc 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomee&mies, Osio, 9-11 September 1991 VI. P415-421. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 Piezocone testing requires uniform penetration rate and fast and flexible data logging. A penetrometer rig has been developed based on a standard top drilling rotary rig and PC based data logging acquisition system. Penetration rate is displayed digitally and controlled manually by regulation of the hydraulic feed. The equipment has proved reliable and easy to use. 935233 Analyzing the engineering properties of sand deposit by CPTU in Taiwan - at the area of Taichung harbour Shieh, M J; Chen, K C; Lay, S Y; Lee, F B Proc 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomecham'cs, Oslo, 9-11 September 1991 V1, P433-442. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 Piezocone (CPTU) examination of the area around Taichung harbour, mainly fine and silty sands, is outlined. A soil classification chart (cone resistance v pore pressure parameter) has been constructed using the test data. Correlations are developed between CPTU and SPT data and formulae developed for predicting soil mechanical properties using the CPTU. 935234 Characterization of heavy metal contamination in the lateral lakes of the lower Coeur D'Alene River valley, Northern Idaho Hoffmann, M L; Rabbi, F; Bender, S F; Chamberlain, V E; Sprenke, K F; Rember, W C Proe 2&th Symposium on Engineering Geology and Geotedmical Engineering, Boise, 1-3 April 1992 P378-393. Publ Pocatello: Idaho State University, 1992 Heavy metal pollution from over a century of mining has led to contamination of sediments in the lateral lakes within the floodplain of the lower Coeur d'Alene valley. A stratigraphic record of upstream mining operations is preserved in these sediments. Samples for examination have been taken using
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
298A techniques including the Livingston piston corer and Huttinen freeze box. 260-550mm of undisturbed tailings sediments with varve-like features are seen. At present, pollution is confined to the shallow sub-bottom, making remediation a feasible proposition.
Presentation and interpretation of data See abo." 935204
935235 New method for prospect appraisal Chen, H C; Fang, J H Bull Am Assoc Petrol Geol V77, N1, Jan 1993, P9-18
A new method to assess hydrocarbon potential of an exploration prospect is presented. It involves aggregating of individual or fragmental pieces of information using possibility, as opposed to probability theory, and is coupled with multiplecriteria decision-making theory. It is suitable for use where a data set is incomplete, vague, or subjective. It is an alternative to, rather than a substitute for, conventional probability-based methods.
935236 Application of genetic algorithms to optimisation problems in geotechnics Simpson, A R; Priest, S D Comput Geotech V15, N1, 1993, Pl-19
A relatively new optimisation technique, genetic algorithms, is presented and its potential for use in solving geotechnical problems examined. The method is a search technique based on the mechanics of natural selection and natural genetics, the survival of the fittest. Near-optimal solutions can be identified after only a few generations. Application to identification of discontinuity frequency extrema in a fractured rock mass is illustrated for a case example involving a rock structure containing up to 100 discontinuities, each one treated as a set.
935237 Linear-transform techniques for processing shear-wave anisotropy in four-component seismic data Li, X Y; Crampin, S Geophysics V58, N2, Feb 1993, P240-256
Analysis of shear wave splitting can provide information on such reservoir properties as fracture orientation and fracture intensity. Analyses of the phenomenon are generally computationally intensive and may make unrealistic assumptions. A fast linear-transform is presented for analysis of shear wave splitting in four component (two source/two receiver) data. Acquisition geometry, the basic assumptions, the linear transform technique and its verification, and application to field data are described.
935238 Kirchoff migration and velocity analysis for converted and nonconverted waves in anisotropic media Sena, A G; Toksoz, N
935239 Site exploration strategy for geologic anomaly characterization Halim, 1 S; Tang, W S J Geotech Engng Div A S C E Vl19, N2, Feb 1993. P195-213
Geologic anomalies, whose properties differ from those expected in the design profile, can cause unsatisfactory performance in geotechnical systems. Probabilistic analyses for anomaly location have been developed. A method for updating anomaly location distributions based on engineering experience plus data from exploratory borings at the site is presented. Probability contour maps are produced with contours representing the probability that the centre of an anomaly is located at a certain point within the site. Single, spherical anomalies are assumed. The results can be used in reliability evaluation of the geotechnical system.
935240 Stochastic imaging of the Wilmington clastic sequence Journel, A G; Gomez-Hernandez, J J S P E Form Eval V8, NI, March 1993, P33-40
In order to accurately predict recovery pertbrmance, it is necessary to correctly model the geometric architecture of the sand/shale geometry within the shaly layers of the Wilmington field. Unless very large numbers of data are available, this cannot be achieved by traditional methods. An approach is presented using the sequential indicator simulator (SIS) algorithm, as applied to generations of realizations of the spatial distribution of a binary variable, such as the sand/shale indicator. Stochastic images are obtained with SIS and nonCartesian coordinates, to ensure stratigraphic conformity.
935241 General approach to the geotechnical inverse problem Liu Weining; Xu Webhuan Proc 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomechanics, Oslo, 9-11 September 1991 VI, P361-366. Publ Rotterdam." A A Balkema. 1991
Laboratory and field investigations of the rock mass around the Ertan hydropower project in China show a high degree of uncertainty in the geomechanical properties of the rock. A method to handle these uncertainties is essential for monitoring the rock mass during construction. A composite back analysis method for the inverse problem in geotechnical engineering is presented, which combines experimental and a priori information and the theory of information to produce a posteriori information on the unknown parameters. In most cases, results obtained reduce to those from more conventional approaches.
935242 Application of back-analysis from displacements to rock engineering and its problems meriting attention Yang Zhifa; Wang Sijing
Geophysics I1"58, N2, Feb 1993, P265-276
Proc 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomechaalcs, Oslo, 9-11 September 1991 V1, P367-375. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991
Many sedimentary basins show significant degrees of anisotropy, but this property is often neglected in imaging of seismic data, introducing errors in the output. To overcome this, a procedure to perform Kirchoff migration in anisotropic media has been developed. A new anisotropic velocity analysis scheme to generate realistic anisotropy models for migration in azimuthally isotropic media for unconverted and converted P and S waves is presented. Improved seismic imaging of the subsurface is possible.
Back analysis of displacements is now a widely accepted method of determining rock mass parameters. Three case studies are briefly outlined: elastic, elastoplastic, and viscoelastic back analyses. Measured and back-analysed rock mass parameters are compared. Points to be considered in back analysis are discussed: selection of a suitable rock mass, selection and location of instrumentation; influence of loosened zones; and multiple solution problems.
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
Borehole and core logging 935228 Analysis of dliptic vanes. Note Silvestri, V; Tabib, C Can Geotech J V29, N6, Dec 1992, P993-997 Stress concentration effects in interpreting the vane shear test can be reduced if a smooth shaped vane replaces the standard vane with its sharp corners. A theoretical analysis is presented for a smooth elliptical vane using both uniform and triangular shear stress distributions. Field tests using two elliptical vanes and a standard Nilsen vane have been carried out to determine the applicability of the elliptical vane for measurement of undrained shear strength. 935229 Sampling sediment on a complex site Nocera, J J; Matthews, G P; Simmons, T M Civ Engng, N Y V63, N3, March 1993, P54-56 The remediation treatment for an 80 acre site of a former battery factory,with contamination from Cd, Pb, Ni, and Co, located on the banks of the Hudson river is described. Sampling was necessary in upland, marsh, and open water sites. The most heavily contaminated area of tidal wetland was almost inaccessible, and it was necessary to sample from an amphibious vehicle and to use a gravity corer modified to cut through dense surface vegetation. Sampling from boats or pontoons was required in water covered areas, with equipment selected to match soil conditions.
935230 Development of electric static cone penetration testing in Great Britain from 1972-1992 Erwig, H Ground Engng V26, N3, March 1993, P30-34 Advances made in onshore and offshore CPT use over the past 20 years are outlined. The major advances onshore are concerned with improving mobility and site accessibility of the rigs. Offshore CPTs are generally conducted using jack-up rigs. Equipment advances to maximise measurement sensitivity, including the subtraction type cone, are described. Further opportunities for research and development are considered, 935231 Effect of weilbore condition on wireline and MWD neutron density logs Allen, D F; Best, D L; Evans, M; Holenka, J M SPE Form Eval V8, N1, March 1993, P50-56 The condition of the wellbore and its corresponding effect on log readings must be assessed and compensated for in formation evaluation. Different logging systems respond differently to the wellbore environment. This is examined for MWD and wireline neutron density logs. Effects of change of wellbore condition with time must also be taken in account. 935232 Simple speed-control and data-logging systems for piezocone testing Berrill, J B; Grey, G R; Van Dyk, J G C Proc 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomee&mies, Osio, 9-11 September 1991 VI. P415-421. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 Piezocone testing requires uniform penetration rate and fast and flexible data logging. A penetrometer rig has been developed based on a standard top drilling rotary rig and PC based data logging acquisition system. Penetration rate is displayed digitally and controlled manually by regulation of the hydraulic feed. The equipment has proved reliable and easy to use. 935233 Analyzing the engineering properties of sand deposit by CPTU in Taiwan - at the area of Taichung harbour Shieh, M J; Chen, K C; Lay, S Y; Lee, F B Proc 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomecham'cs, Oslo, 9-11 September 1991 V1, P433-442. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 Piezocone (CPTU) examination of the area around Taichung harbour, mainly fine and silty sands, is outlined. A soil classification chart (cone resistance v pore pressure parameter) has been constructed using the test data. Correlations are developed between CPTU and SPT data and formulae developed for predicting soil mechanical properties using the CPTU. 935234 Characterization of heavy metal contamination in the lateral lakes of the lower Coeur D'Alene River valley, Northern Idaho Hoffmann, M L; Rabbi, F; Bender, S F; Chamberlain, V E; Sprenke, K F; Rember, W C Proe 2&th Symposium on Engineering Geology and Geotedmical Engineering, Boise, 1-3 April 1992 P378-393. Publ Pocatello: Idaho State University, 1992 Heavy metal pollution from over a century of mining has led to contamination of sediments in the lateral lakes within the floodplain of the lower Coeur d'Alene valley. A stratigraphic record of upstream mining operations is preserved in these sediments. Samples for examination have been taken using
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
298A techniques including the Livingston piston corer and Huttinen freeze box. 260-550mm of undisturbed tailings sediments with varve-like features are seen. At present, pollution is confined to the shallow sub-bottom, making remediation a feasible proposition.
Presentation and interpretation of data See abo." 935204
935235 New method for prospect appraisal Chen, H C; Fang, J H Bull Am Assoc Petrol Geol V77, N1, Jan 1993, P9-18
A new method to assess hydrocarbon potential of an exploration prospect is presented. It involves aggregating of individual or fragmental pieces of information using possibility, as opposed to probability theory, and is coupled with multiplecriteria decision-making theory. It is suitable for use where a data set is incomplete, vague, or subjective. It is an alternative to, rather than a substitute for, conventional probability-based methods.
935236 Application of genetic algorithms to optimisation problems in geotechnics Simpson, A R; Priest, S D Comput Geotech V15, N1, 1993, Pl-19
A relatively new optimisation technique, genetic algorithms, is presented and its potential for use in solving geotechnical problems examined. The method is a search technique based on the mechanics of natural selection and natural genetics, the survival of the fittest. Near-optimal solutions can be identified after only a few generations. Application to identification of discontinuity frequency extrema in a fractured rock mass is illustrated for a case example involving a rock structure containing up to 100 discontinuities, each one treated as a set.
935237 Linear-transform techniques for processing shear-wave anisotropy in four-component seismic data Li, X Y; Crampin, S Geophysics V58, N2, Feb 1993, P240-256
Analysis of shear wave splitting can provide information on such reservoir properties as fracture orientation and fracture intensity. Analyses of the phenomenon are generally computationally intensive and may make unrealistic assumptions. A fast linear-transform is presented for analysis of shear wave splitting in four component (two source/two receiver) data. Acquisition geometry, the basic assumptions, the linear transform technique and its verification, and application to field data are described.
935238 Kirchoff migration and velocity analysis for converted and nonconverted waves in anisotropic media Sena, A G; Toksoz, N
935239 Site exploration strategy for geologic anomaly characterization Halim, 1 S; Tang, W S J Geotech Engng Div A S C E Vl19, N2, Feb 1993. P195-213
Geologic anomalies, whose properties differ from those expected in the design profile, can cause unsatisfactory performance in geotechnical systems. Probabilistic analyses for anomaly location have been developed. A method for updating anomaly location distributions based on engineering experience plus data from exploratory borings at the site is presented. Probability contour maps are produced with contours representing the probability that the centre of an anomaly is located at a certain point within the site. Single, spherical anomalies are assumed. The results can be used in reliability evaluation of the geotechnical system.
935240 Stochastic imaging of the Wilmington clastic sequence Journel, A G; Gomez-Hernandez, J J S P E Form Eval V8, NI, March 1993, P33-40
In order to accurately predict recovery pertbrmance, it is necessary to correctly model the geometric architecture of the sand/shale geometry within the shaly layers of the Wilmington field. Unless very large numbers of data are available, this cannot be achieved by traditional methods. An approach is presented using the sequential indicator simulator (SIS) algorithm, as applied to generations of realizations of the spatial distribution of a binary variable, such as the sand/shale indicator. Stochastic images are obtained with SIS and nonCartesian coordinates, to ensure stratigraphic conformity.
935241 General approach to the geotechnical inverse problem Liu Weining; Xu Webhuan Proc 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomechanics, Oslo, 9-11 September 1991 VI, P361-366. Publ Rotterdam." A A Balkema. 1991
Laboratory and field investigations of the rock mass around the Ertan hydropower project in China show a high degree of uncertainty in the geomechanical properties of the rock. A method to handle these uncertainties is essential for monitoring the rock mass during construction. A composite back analysis method for the inverse problem in geotechnical engineering is presented, which combines experimental and a priori information and the theory of information to produce a posteriori information on the unknown parameters. In most cases, results obtained reduce to those from more conventional approaches.
935242 Application of back-analysis from displacements to rock engineering and its problems meriting attention Yang Zhifa; Wang Sijing
Geophysics I1"58, N2, Feb 1993, P265-276
Proc 3rd International Symposium on Field Measurements in Geomechaalcs, Oslo, 9-11 September 1991 V1, P367-375. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991
Many sedimentary basins show significant degrees of anisotropy, but this property is often neglected in imaging of seismic data, introducing errors in the output. To overcome this, a procedure to perform Kirchoff migration in anisotropic media has been developed. A new anisotropic velocity analysis scheme to generate realistic anisotropy models for migration in azimuthally isotropic media for unconverted and converted P and S waves is presented. Improved seismic imaging of the subsurface is possible.
Back analysis of displacements is now a widely accepted method of determining rock mass parameters. Three case studies are briefly outlined: elastic, elastoplastic, and viscoelastic back analyses. Measured and back-analysed rock mass parameters are compared. Points to be considered in back analysis are discussed: selection of a suitable rock mass, selection and location of instrumentation; influence of loosened zones; and multiple solution problems.
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted