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Angiocardiography—Comparative study with autopsy findings
SELECTED decreased, appeared
621
ABSTRACTS
and the throbbing ache in the ieft side of the anterior during the first three months after his operation.
part
of the chest
comp,letely
dis-
The use of polythene cellophane seems to offer a successful method of producing gradual fibrosis and obliteration of aneurysms and large vessels: the experimental studies reported here have shown that, in order to obtain the desired result, it is necessary to use a particular type of Polythene cellophane has been found useful cellophane, since some varieties produce no fibrosis. not only in the treatment of aortic aneurysms but also in the obliteration of a patent ductus arteriosus. BELLET. Govea,
J.:
Ayerza’s
Disease.
Rev.
cubana
de cardiol.
7:145
(Ju!y),
1946.
-4s a result of his persona1 experience and that of the Argetitine school, the author his belief in the existence of Ayerza’s disease as a distinct nosologic entity. Profound and chronic right heart failure, preceded by a history of chronic cough, are the outstanding of the disease. Contrary to general belief, syphilis is absent as often as it is present. The fundamental physiologic disturbance is in the alveolar gaseous cardiac” utilizes only 47 per cent of the tidal air, in contrast to the normal to aerate the pulmonary alveoli. The alveolar oxygen tension is reduced to a corresponding rise in alveolar and blood carbon dioxide. A compensatory and deep cyanosis results. Alveolar hypoventilation is the basic physiologic za’s disease.
reaffirms cyanosis features
exchange. The “black 73 per cent, with which 10 per cent or less with polycythemia develops disturbacce of Ayer-
Anatomically, the bronchopulmonary lesions and pulmonary artery sclerosis result in hypertension of the lesser circulation with secondary right ventricular hypertrophy and failure. Right axis deviation is present in the electrocardiogram and at times a pattern suggestive of posterior or right coronary insufficiency can. be seen. These patients often complain of typical angina1 pain which may be related to acute right ventricular dilatation. However, the anoxemia, carbon dioxide acidosis, and increased parasympathetic tone present in these patients are the most likely causes of the coronary pain. Finally, some of these patients do rot die as a result of chronic right heart failure but of sudden cardiac asystole. This, according to the author, is worthy of emphasis because it occurs often unexpectedly in cases that are fairly well under control. GOLD. Cossio
P.,
and
Bereonsky,
I.:
Acute
Benign
Periearditis.
Medicina
7:
1 (Feb.),
1947.
The authors report ten cases of acute, benign (non-suppurative) pericarditis of unknown origin. This condition began suddenly in otherwise healthy adults, who manifested substernal or precordial pain that radiated to the shoulders, neck, arms, or abdomen, and was aggravated by deep breathing, cough, or movements of the trunk. Additional manifestations were moderate fever, leucocytosis, and increased sedimentation rate. The cardinal sign was a to-and-fro pericardial friction rub which was followed in 30 per cent of the cases by pericardial effusion that did not require aspiration. The illness usually lasted from two to six weeks. Recurrence of precordial pain occurred in some cases. The electrocardiographic pattern was diagnostic. It consisted of elevation of the S-T segment in all leads, followed by inversion of the T waves. Complete restitution to normal occurred in all cases. The authors distinguish this disease from suppurative pericarditis, tuberculosis pericarditis, myocardial infarction with and without pericarditis, and spontaneous mediastinal c mphysema. GOLD. Castellanos parative
A., Perez De Los Reyes, Study With Autopsy
R., and Findings.
Garcia Lopez, A.: Angiocardiography-CemRev. cubana de Cardiol. 8:29 (Feb.),
1947.
The authors who originated angiocardiography in the study of congenital lesions (the dextroangiocardiogram) compared their x-ray diagnosis with the autopsy findings in twenty-three subjects and found that an exact anatomic diagnosis was made in twelve cases, or 52.1 per cent; while a partial diagnosis was made in nine cases, or 39.1 per cent. In the remaining two cases the lesions
622
AMERICAN
were misdiagnosed. (levoangiocardiogram), greatly increased.
With
the further the chances
extension of correct
HEARTJOURNAL of this diagnostic procedure by Steinberg diagnosis of anatomic defects of the heart
and Robb have been
W.-L. <&.I GOLD.
Bell,
F. K., Carr, codynamics
C. J., and of Diginin.
Krantz, J. C. : Digitalis J. Pharmacol. (0, Exper.
V. The Therap.
Baljet 89:143
Reaction (Feb.),
and
Pharma-
1
In 1937, Karrer isolated a new glycoside from the leaves of Digita& purpure It differs from the other glycosides in that it is not a lactone. It was reported as having little cardiotonic activity. Its presence, in significant amounts, appeared to be an obstacle to the assay of digitalis preparations by the colorometric method based upon the Baljet reaction (glycosides, in the presence of an excess alkaline sddium picrate, develop a red color). Hagemeier reported a high color intensity for diginin. Solutions of diginin in absolute methanol were tested in concentrations of from 5 to 30 mg. per 100 cubic centimeters. They showed low color values when compared to digitoxin on either a weight or a molar basis. Plotted on a basis of molar concentration, diginin gave colorometric readings approximately one-third those of digitoxin. The significance of diginin in standard preparations, bioassayed by the Beljct reaction, is limited. It must be assumed that the LT. S. P. preparations contain significant amounts of this glycoside. When unknowns are compared to U. S. I’. standards, it would take a large discrepancy of diginin content to cause a significant error. Diginin was found, to have very little cardiotonic action in both cats and dogs. Large quantities (ten times more than digitoxin) were necessary to cause death. GODFREY. Kissane, R. W., Fidler, Disease. Preliminary
R. S., and Report.
Clark, T. E.: Liver Dysfunction Am. J. M. SC. 213:410 (April),
in Rheumatic 1947.
Heart
The cephalin-cholesterol flocculation reaction was found positive in 72 per cent of 136 cases of rheumatic heart disease. Neither the valvular lesion, age of the patient, nor the length of time rheumatic heart disease had existed seemed to effect any variation from the percentage of positives in the entire group. Also, there was no correlation between the degree of positive reaction and the degree of functional severity of rheumatic heart disease. DURANT. Blumberg, phalein
N., and Schloss E. M.: Test in Liver Disease.
The Effect of Circulatory Am. J. M. SC. 213:470 (April),
Factors 1947.
on
the
Bromsul-
Evidence is presented that two factors may be concerned in the mechanism of bromsulphalein retention: hepatic excretory dysfunction, and circulatory inadequacy. There does not appear to be any present method for delineating the proportion of influence to be assigned to each factor where both are operative in the same patient. However, the data suggest the advisability of performing studies of circulatory integrity in those cases of liver disease in which there is clinical evidence of concomitant cardiovascular involvement. While it is evident that those instances in which such circulatory studies are abnormal will fail to indicate the proportion of abnormal cfye retention due to either factor, it is equally true that those in which circulation time and venous pressure are normal will present confirmation that the abnormal bromsulphalein retention can then be attributed solely to hepatic dysfunction. DURANT. Hirsch, H. L., of Scarlet
Rotman-Kavka, Fever. J.A.M.A.
G., Dowling, H. F., and 133:657 (March 8), 1947.
These authors treated eighty-six patients with scarlet penicillin G and commercial penicillin. The first thirty-four X and five patients were treated with penicillin G. Thereafter, commercial penicillin in doses of 25,000 units every 3 hours,
Swee,
L. K.:
Penicillin
Therapy
fever with penicillin X, crystalline patients were treated with penicillin alternate patients were given either or 9,000 to 27,000 unitsof antitoxin,
621
ABSTRACTS
and the throbbing ache in the ieft side of the anterior during the first three months after his operation.
part
of the chest
comp,letely
dis-
The use of polythene cellophane seems to offer a successful method of producing gradual fibrosis and obliteration of aneurysms and large vessels: the experimental studies reported here have shown that, in order to obtain the desired result, it is necessary to use a particular type of Polythene cellophane has been found useful cellophane, since some varieties produce no fibrosis. not only in the treatment of aortic aneurysms but also in the obliteration of a patent ductus arteriosus. BELLET. Govea,
J.:
Ayerza’s
Disease.
Rev.
cubana
de cardiol.
7:145
(Ju!y),
1946.
-4s a result of his persona1 experience and that of the Argetitine school, the author his belief in the existence of Ayerza’s disease as a distinct nosologic entity. Profound and chronic right heart failure, preceded by a history of chronic cough, are the outstanding of the disease. Contrary to general belief, syphilis is absent as often as it is present. The fundamental physiologic disturbance is in the alveolar gaseous cardiac” utilizes only 47 per cent of the tidal air, in contrast to the normal to aerate the pulmonary alveoli. The alveolar oxygen tension is reduced to a corresponding rise in alveolar and blood carbon dioxide. A compensatory and deep cyanosis results. Alveolar hypoventilation is the basic physiologic za’s disease.
reaffirms cyanosis features
exchange. The “black 73 per cent, with which 10 per cent or less with polycythemia develops disturbacce of Ayer-
Anatomically, the bronchopulmonary lesions and pulmonary artery sclerosis result in hypertension of the lesser circulation with secondary right ventricular hypertrophy and failure. Right axis deviation is present in the electrocardiogram and at times a pattern suggestive of posterior or right coronary insufficiency can. be seen. These patients often complain of typical angina1 pain which may be related to acute right ventricular dilatation. However, the anoxemia, carbon dioxide acidosis, and increased parasympathetic tone present in these patients are the most likely causes of the coronary pain. Finally, some of these patients do rot die as a result of chronic right heart failure but of sudden cardiac asystole. This, according to the author, is worthy of emphasis because it occurs often unexpectedly in cases that are fairly well under control. GOLD. Cossio
P.,
and
Bereonsky,
I.:
Acute
Benign
Periearditis.
Medicina
7:
1 (Feb.),
1947.
The authors report ten cases of acute, benign (non-suppurative) pericarditis of unknown origin. This condition began suddenly in otherwise healthy adults, who manifested substernal or precordial pain that radiated to the shoulders, neck, arms, or abdomen, and was aggravated by deep breathing, cough, or movements of the trunk. Additional manifestations were moderate fever, leucocytosis, and increased sedimentation rate. The cardinal sign was a to-and-fro pericardial friction rub which was followed in 30 per cent of the cases by pericardial effusion that did not require aspiration. The illness usually lasted from two to six weeks. Recurrence of precordial pain occurred in some cases. The electrocardiographic pattern was diagnostic. It consisted of elevation of the S-T segment in all leads, followed by inversion of the T waves. Complete restitution to normal occurred in all cases. The authors distinguish this disease from suppurative pericarditis, tuberculosis pericarditis, myocardial infarction with and without pericarditis, and spontaneous mediastinal c mphysema. GOLD. Castellanos parative
A., Perez De Los Reyes, Study With Autopsy
R., and Findings.
Garcia Lopez, A.: Angiocardiography-CemRev. cubana de Cardiol. 8:29 (Feb.),
1947.
The authors who originated angiocardiography in the study of congenital lesions (the dextroangiocardiogram) compared their x-ray diagnosis with the autopsy findings in twenty-three subjects and found that an exact anatomic diagnosis was made in twelve cases, or 52.1 per cent; while a partial diagnosis was made in nine cases, or 39.1 per cent. In the remaining two cases the lesions
622
AMERICAN
were misdiagnosed. (levoangiocardiogram), greatly increased.
With
the further the chances
extension of correct
HEARTJOURNAL of this diagnostic procedure by Steinberg diagnosis of anatomic defects of the heart
and Robb have been
W.-L. <&.I GOLD.
Bell,
F. K., Carr, codynamics
C. J., and of Diginin.
Krantz, J. C. : Digitalis J. Pharmacol. (0, Exper.
V. The Therap.
Baljet 89:143
Reaction (Feb.),
and
Pharma-
1
In 1937, Karrer isolated a new glycoside from the leaves of Digita& purpure It differs from the other glycosides in that it is not a lactone. It was reported as having little cardiotonic activity. Its presence, in significant amounts, appeared to be an obstacle to the assay of digitalis preparations by the colorometric method based upon the Baljet reaction (glycosides, in the presence of an excess alkaline sddium picrate, develop a red color). Hagemeier reported a high color intensity for diginin. Solutions of diginin in absolute methanol were tested in concentrations of from 5 to 30 mg. per 100 cubic centimeters. They showed low color values when compared to digitoxin on either a weight or a molar basis. Plotted on a basis of molar concentration, diginin gave colorometric readings approximately one-third those of digitoxin. The significance of diginin in standard preparations, bioassayed by the Beljct reaction, is limited. It must be assumed that the LT. S. P. preparations contain significant amounts of this glycoside. When unknowns are compared to U. S. I’. standards, it would take a large discrepancy of diginin content to cause a significant error. Diginin was found, to have very little cardiotonic action in both cats and dogs. Large quantities (ten times more than digitoxin) were necessary to cause death. GODFREY. Kissane, R. W., Fidler, Disease. Preliminary
R. S., and Report.
Clark, T. E.: Liver Dysfunction Am. J. M. SC. 213:410 (April),
in Rheumatic 1947.
Heart
The cephalin-cholesterol flocculation reaction was found positive in 72 per cent of 136 cases of rheumatic heart disease. Neither the valvular lesion, age of the patient, nor the length of time rheumatic heart disease had existed seemed to effect any variation from the percentage of positives in the entire group. Also, there was no correlation between the degree of positive reaction and the degree of functional severity of rheumatic heart disease. DURANT. Blumberg, phalein
N., and Schloss E. M.: Test in Liver Disease.
The Effect of Circulatory Am. J. M. SC. 213:470 (April),
Factors 1947.
on
the
Bromsul-
Evidence is presented that two factors may be concerned in the mechanism of bromsulphalein retention: hepatic excretory dysfunction, and circulatory inadequacy. There does not appear to be any present method for delineating the proportion of influence to be assigned to each factor where both are operative in the same patient. However, the data suggest the advisability of performing studies of circulatory integrity in those cases of liver disease in which there is clinical evidence of concomitant cardiovascular involvement. While it is evident that those instances in which such circulatory studies are abnormal will fail to indicate the proportion of abnormal cfye retention due to either factor, it is equally true that those in which circulation time and venous pressure are normal will present confirmation that the abnormal bromsulphalein retention can then be attributed solely to hepatic dysfunction. DURANT. Hirsch, H. L., of Scarlet
Rotman-Kavka, Fever. J.A.M.A.
G., Dowling, H. F., and 133:657 (March 8), 1947.
These authors treated eighty-six patients with scarlet penicillin G and commercial penicillin. The first thirty-four X and five patients were treated with penicillin G. Thereafter, commercial penicillin in doses of 25,000 units every 3 hours,
Swee,
L. K.:
Penicillin
Therapy
fever with penicillin X, crystalline patients were treated with penicillin alternate patients were given either or 9,000 to 27,000 unitsof antitoxin,