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Ankle arthrodesis
Injury: the British Journal of Accident Surgery Vol. 1 ~/NO. 2
176 injury or when the patient dies before this diagnosis can be made. Nevertheless it may be another help in comparing results of clinical trials. Tobiasen J., Hubert J. M., O’Brien R. et al. (1980) J. Burn Care Rehabil. 1,3 1.
Pulmonary
oedema after thermal
injury
Osteocartilagenous
Thermal-green dye double indicator dilution measurements of the extravascular lung water to follow daily lung water changes in 7 severely burned patients resuscitated with only crystalloid solutions were investigated. It was found that crystalloid resuscitation with resulting hypoproteinaemia, inhalation injury and burn induced permeability alterations did not appear to cause pulmonary oedema. It was concluded that pulmonary capillary membrane injury, induced by sepsis, was the principal cause of pulmonary okdema after thermal injury: Trandbaueh R. F.. Lewis F. R.. Christensen J. M. et al. (1980) Lung water changes after thermal injury. The effects of crystalloid resuscitation and sepsis. Ann. Surg. 192,479.
An early skin flap (tube pedicle) was prepared on the upper arm in anticipation of complete destruction and sloughing of the right upper and lower eyelids. This was subsequently sutured to the orbital wall to protect the eye. Later comeal scarring was corrected by the use of a keratoprosthesis. Two types had to be used-a kerato-odonto prosthesis and later a rivet keratoprosthesis held by a silicon-rubber ring and these both restored sight. Jackson D. M. and Roper-Hall M. J. (1981) Preservation of sight after complete destruction of the eyelids by burning. Burns 7,22 1.
*Overgrowth fractures
and dislocations of
lower
lesions of the talar dome
Thirty-one patients with osteochondral fractures ofthe talus are described who due to persisting symptoms required surgical treatment; 15 had had excision ofthe fragment, 15 excision with currettage or shaving and one had drilling in situ. Sixty-three per cent had good results with minimal or no symptoms. Seventy per cent had poor results with either failure to improve or deterioration. There was no indication on the preferred method ofsurgical management. Naumetz V. A. and Schweigel J. F. (1980) Osteocartilageous lesions of the talar dome. /. Trauma 20,924. Pathology
and experimental
work
Free T,, free T, and reverse T,
Severe burns of the eyes
Fractures
either a subtalar or triple arthrodesis for chronic subtalar pain. Multiple methods of ankle arthrodesis had been used in this series. Davis R. J. and Millis M. B. (1980) Ankle arthrodesis in the management of traumatic ankle arthrosis: a long term retrospective study. J. Trauma 20,674.
limb
following
shaft
This is a study of 36 femoral and 50 tibia] fractures. Overgrowth in the tibia is insignificant. In the femur, overgrowth is 50 per cent less in patients more than 12 years old. Femoral overgrowth is less in patients treated conservatively than operatively. Recommendations: in conservative management of femoral fractures limit primary shortening to 10 mm; over the age of 12 years, seek exact anatomic reduction in both tibia and femur. Osterwalder A., Beeler C., Huggler A. et al. (1979) Overgrowth of the lower limb following shaft fractures in children. Unfallheilgunde 82,45 1. Ankle arthrodesis
This retrospective study of 48 patients who had undergone ankle arthrodesis for traumatic arthritis isolated subtalar joint pain with restricted subtalar joint movement as the commonest complication (32 out of 48 patients). Of these 12 patients had required
This was an interesting prospective study in which a group of 5 patients with more than 50 per cent burn size were studied longitudinally over 15 days alter a thermal injury. Suppression of serum concentrations of T, and elevation of T, were noted. The free thyroxine index and serum TS, concentrations remained within the normal range. A second group of 20 patients were studied; 20 patients who had an average of 56 per cent bum and were clinically unstable had their free serum levels of T, (FT,) and T, (FT,) measured and these were noted to be significantly lower than in a comparable series of patients with a similar bum size but whose clinical condition was stable. The authors felt that the evidence of biochemical hypothyroidism in association with clinical deterioration may be important for the critically injured patients. Beckett R. A_ Wilmore D. W., Goodwin C. W. et al. (1980) Free T,, free T, and reverse T, in critically ill, thermally injured patients. J. Trauma 20,7 13. Entrapment
neuropathy
This review of the causes of pressure on peripheral nerves includes an account of the histological changes that take place at the site of pressure on the nerve. Neary D. (1980) Entrapment neuropathy. Br. J. Hosp. Med. 24,206. Shock *Short-term
vein catheterization
The authors review their experience with peripheral and central vein catheterizations among 2345 combat casualties. Ofthese patients peripheral vein catheterization was attempted in 876, subclavian vein catherization in 1103, and femoral vein catheterization attempted in 796 patients. In 90 per cent of patients no palpable femoral pulse was available, and
176 injury or when the patient dies before this diagnosis can be made. Nevertheless it may be another help in comparing results of clinical trials. Tobiasen J., Hubert J. M., O’Brien R. et al. (1980) J. Burn Care Rehabil. 1,3 1.
Pulmonary
oedema after thermal
injury
Osteocartilagenous
Thermal-green dye double indicator dilution measurements of the extravascular lung water to follow daily lung water changes in 7 severely burned patients resuscitated with only crystalloid solutions were investigated. It was found that crystalloid resuscitation with resulting hypoproteinaemia, inhalation injury and burn induced permeability alterations did not appear to cause pulmonary oedema. It was concluded that pulmonary capillary membrane injury, induced by sepsis, was the principal cause of pulmonary okdema after thermal injury: Trandbaueh R. F.. Lewis F. R.. Christensen J. M. et al. (1980) Lung water changes after thermal injury. The effects of crystalloid resuscitation and sepsis. Ann. Surg. 192,479.
An early skin flap (tube pedicle) was prepared on the upper arm in anticipation of complete destruction and sloughing of the right upper and lower eyelids. This was subsequently sutured to the orbital wall to protect the eye. Later comeal scarring was corrected by the use of a keratoprosthesis. Two types had to be used-a kerato-odonto prosthesis and later a rivet keratoprosthesis held by a silicon-rubber ring and these both restored sight. Jackson D. M. and Roper-Hall M. J. (1981) Preservation of sight after complete destruction of the eyelids by burning. Burns 7,22 1.
*Overgrowth fractures
and dislocations of
lower
lesions of the talar dome
Thirty-one patients with osteochondral fractures ofthe talus are described who due to persisting symptoms required surgical treatment; 15 had had excision ofthe fragment, 15 excision with currettage or shaving and one had drilling in situ. Sixty-three per cent had good results with minimal or no symptoms. Seventy per cent had poor results with either failure to improve or deterioration. There was no indication on the preferred method ofsurgical management. Naumetz V. A. and Schweigel J. F. (1980) Osteocartilageous lesions of the talar dome. /. Trauma 20,924. Pathology
and experimental
work
Free T,, free T, and reverse T,
Severe burns of the eyes
Fractures
either a subtalar or triple arthrodesis for chronic subtalar pain. Multiple methods of ankle arthrodesis had been used in this series. Davis R. J. and Millis M. B. (1980) Ankle arthrodesis in the management of traumatic ankle arthrosis: a long term retrospective study. J. Trauma 20,674.
limb
following
shaft
This is a study of 36 femoral and 50 tibia] fractures. Overgrowth in the tibia is insignificant. In the femur, overgrowth is 50 per cent less in patients more than 12 years old. Femoral overgrowth is less in patients treated conservatively than operatively. Recommendations: in conservative management of femoral fractures limit primary shortening to 10 mm; over the age of 12 years, seek exact anatomic reduction in both tibia and femur. Osterwalder A., Beeler C., Huggler A. et al. (1979) Overgrowth of the lower limb following shaft fractures in children. Unfallheilgunde 82,45 1. Ankle arthrodesis
This retrospective study of 48 patients who had undergone ankle arthrodesis for traumatic arthritis isolated subtalar joint pain with restricted subtalar joint movement as the commonest complication (32 out of 48 patients). Of these 12 patients had required
This was an interesting prospective study in which a group of 5 patients with more than 50 per cent burn size were studied longitudinally over 15 days alter a thermal injury. Suppression of serum concentrations of T, and elevation of T, were noted. The free thyroxine index and serum TS, concentrations remained within the normal range. A second group of 20 patients were studied; 20 patients who had an average of 56 per cent bum and were clinically unstable had their free serum levels of T, (FT,) and T, (FT,) measured and these were noted to be significantly lower than in a comparable series of patients with a similar bum size but whose clinical condition was stable. The authors felt that the evidence of biochemical hypothyroidism in association with clinical deterioration may be important for the critically injured patients. Beckett R. A_ Wilmore D. W., Goodwin C. W. et al. (1980) Free T,, free T, and reverse T, in critically ill, thermally injured patients. J. Trauma 20,7 13. Entrapment
neuropathy
This review of the causes of pressure on peripheral nerves includes an account of the histological changes that take place at the site of pressure on the nerve. Neary D. (1980) Entrapment neuropathy. Br. J. Hosp. Med. 24,206. Shock *Short-term
vein catheterization
The authors review their experience with peripheral and central vein catheterizations among 2345 combat casualties. Ofthese patients peripheral vein catheterization was attempted in 876, subclavian vein catherization in 1103, and femoral vein catheterization attempted in 796 patients. In 90 per cent of patients no palpable femoral pulse was available, and