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Antimicrobial activity of Solidago virgaurea L. from in vitro cultures
Fitoterapia 73 (2002) 514–516
Short report
Antimicrobial activity of Solidago virgaurea L. from in vitro cultures ´ ´ b Barbara Thiema,*, Olga Goslinska a
´ Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, ´ Marii Magdaleny Str.61-861 Poznan, ´ Poland 14 Sw. b Department of Pharmaceutical Bacteriology, ´ 10 Sieroca Str.61-771 Poznan, ´ Poland K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Received 10 December 2001; accepted 18 June 2002
Abstract The antimicrobial activity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Solidago virgaurea herb from micropropagated plants and callus tissue was evaluated. 䊚 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Solidago virgaurea L.; In vitro cultures; Callus tissue; Antibacterial activity
Plant material. Micropropagated Solidago virgaurea L. (Asteraceae; Goldenrod), air-dried herbs collected from experimental plot (Department of Medicinal Plants, ´ in August 1999 K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan) authenticated by Prof. K. Latowski (Department of Plant Taxonomy, A. Mickiewicz ´ A voucher specimen was deposited in the herbarium of the University, Poznan). ´ Pharmaceutical Botany, K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan. Freeze-dried biomass from 4-week-old callus cultures (nine subculture steps) was collected. Uses in traditional medicine and reported activities. Herba Solidaginis has been traditionally used to treat urinary tract, nephrolithiasis and prostate. Antibacterial, *Corresponding author. Tel.: q48-61-8529057; fax: q48-61-8529057 ext.61. E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Thiem). 0367-326X/02/$ - see front matter 䊚 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 3 6 7 - 3 2 6 X Ž 0 2 . 0 0 1 8 0 - 6
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Table 1 Antimicrobial activity of extracts from plant and callus of Solidago virgaurea L. from in vitro cultures— MBC Microorganism
Bacillus subtilis Bacillus pumilis Proteus mirabilis Proteus vulgaris Micrococcus luteus Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Escherichia coli Aspergillus niger
Plant EtOH
MeOH
Callus tissue MeOH
1,8 15,6 3,9 31,2 7,8 31,2 62,5 31,2 31,2 62,5
3,9 31,2 7,8 62,5 15,6 62,5 125 31,2 62,5 62,5
31,2 62,5 62,5 – 31,2 – 62,5 125 – –
MBC – minimal bactericidal concentration (mgyml); –, no activity.
antimycotic, antiinflammatory, analgetic, anticancerogenic, sedative, and hypotensive activities for naturally growing plant have been also reported w1–5x. The toxic essential oil acts as insect-antifeedant w6x.
Previously isolated constituents. Saponins w7,8x, flavonoids, phenols w9x, polysaccharides w4x and essential oil w10x from naturally growing S. virgaurea. Flavonoids, phenols, and essential oil w11,12x from in vitro derived plants and callus. Tested material. Ethanolic (E) and methanolic (M) extracts from micropropagated plants (yields: E 21%, M 17%) and callus biomass (yields: E 38%, M 34%). Studied activity. Antimicrobial activity of minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) with the agar diffusion assay method according to NCCLS w13x. Used microorganisms. Reported in Table 1.
Results. Reported in Table 1.
Conclusions. The crude ethanolic and methanolic extracts of S. virgaurea micropropagated plants showed a moderate bactericidal activity. The results are in accordance with the antibacterial potential of naturally growing plants against the same strains
´ ´ B. Thiem, O. Goslinska / Fitoterapia 73 (2002) 514–516
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of bacteria w12,14x. The extracts from callus tissue were found to be very slightly active or inactive against various strains of microorganism (Table 1). References w1 x w2 x w3 x w4 x w5 x w6 x w7 x w8 x w9 x w10x w11x
w12x w13x w14x
ESCOP – European Scientific Cooperation for Phytotherapy 1996; 1. G. Bader, Z Phytother 20 (1999) 196. G. Franz, J. Kraus, Z Phytother 8 (1987) 114. K. Hiller, G. Bader, Z Phytother 17 (1996) 123. ˇ ˇ Pharm Pharmacol Lett 8 (1998) 85. S. Pepeljnjak, D. Kustrak, J. Vukusic, ´ D. Kalemba, J. Gora, A. Kurowska, T.Z.esz Majda, P.L. Nauk, Technol Chem Spoz 47 (1990) 91. T. Miyase, Y. Inose, A. Veno, Chem Pharm Bull 42 (1994) 617. G. Bader, Drogenreport 21 (1999) 25. J. Budzianowski, Sci Pharm 58 (1990) 15. D. Kalemba, Flavour Fragr J 13 (1998) 373. Skrzypczak L, Wesolowska M, Thiem B, Budzianowski J. Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry 43. Medicinal and aromatic plants XI. Berlin, Heidelberg Bajaj YPS (Ed.) Springer, Verlag, 1999; 384. B. Thiem, M. Wesolowska, L. Skrzypczak, J. Budzianowski, Acta Polon Pharm 58 (2001) 277. { National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. M7-3, 1995;15,14. A.H. Brantner, Drogenreport 21 (1999) 27.
Short report
Antimicrobial activity of Solidago virgaurea L. from in vitro cultures ´ ´ b Barbara Thiema,*, Olga Goslinska a
´ Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, ´ Marii Magdaleny Str.61-861 Poznan, ´ Poland 14 Sw. b Department of Pharmaceutical Bacteriology, ´ 10 Sieroca Str.61-771 Poznan, ´ Poland K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan, Received 10 December 2001; accepted 18 June 2002
Abstract The antimicrobial activity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Solidago virgaurea herb from micropropagated plants and callus tissue was evaluated. 䊚 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Solidago virgaurea L.; In vitro cultures; Callus tissue; Antibacterial activity
Plant material. Micropropagated Solidago virgaurea L. (Asteraceae; Goldenrod), air-dried herbs collected from experimental plot (Department of Medicinal Plants, ´ in August 1999 K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan) authenticated by Prof. K. Latowski (Department of Plant Taxonomy, A. Mickiewicz ´ A voucher specimen was deposited in the herbarium of the University, Poznan). ´ Pharmaceutical Botany, K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan. Freeze-dried biomass from 4-week-old callus cultures (nine subculture steps) was collected. Uses in traditional medicine and reported activities. Herba Solidaginis has been traditionally used to treat urinary tract, nephrolithiasis and prostate. Antibacterial, *Corresponding author. Tel.: q48-61-8529057; fax: q48-61-8529057 ext.61. E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Thiem). 0367-326X/02/$ - see front matter 䊚 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 3 6 7 - 3 2 6 X Ž 0 2 . 0 0 1 8 0 - 6
´ ´ B. Thiem, O. Goslinska / Fitoterapia 73 (2002) 514–516
515
Table 1 Antimicrobial activity of extracts from plant and callus of Solidago virgaurea L. from in vitro cultures— MBC Microorganism
Bacillus subtilis Bacillus pumilis Proteus mirabilis Proteus vulgaris Micrococcus luteus Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Escherichia coli Aspergillus niger
Plant EtOH
MeOH
Callus tissue MeOH
1,8 15,6 3,9 31,2 7,8 31,2 62,5 31,2 31,2 62,5
3,9 31,2 7,8 62,5 15,6 62,5 125 31,2 62,5 62,5
31,2 62,5 62,5 – 31,2 – 62,5 125 – –
MBC – minimal bactericidal concentration (mgyml); –, no activity.
antimycotic, antiinflammatory, analgetic, anticancerogenic, sedative, and hypotensive activities for naturally growing plant have been also reported w1–5x. The toxic essential oil acts as insect-antifeedant w6x.
Previously isolated constituents. Saponins w7,8x, flavonoids, phenols w9x, polysaccharides w4x and essential oil w10x from naturally growing S. virgaurea. Flavonoids, phenols, and essential oil w11,12x from in vitro derived plants and callus. Tested material. Ethanolic (E) and methanolic (M) extracts from micropropagated plants (yields: E 21%, M 17%) and callus biomass (yields: E 38%, M 34%). Studied activity. Antimicrobial activity of minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) with the agar diffusion assay method according to NCCLS w13x. Used microorganisms. Reported in Table 1.
Results. Reported in Table 1.
Conclusions. The crude ethanolic and methanolic extracts of S. virgaurea micropropagated plants showed a moderate bactericidal activity. The results are in accordance with the antibacterial potential of naturally growing plants against the same strains
´ ´ B. Thiem, O. Goslinska / Fitoterapia 73 (2002) 514–516
516
of bacteria w12,14x. The extracts from callus tissue were found to be very slightly active or inactive against various strains of microorganism (Table 1). References w1 x w2 x w3 x w4 x w5 x w6 x w7 x w8 x w9 x w10x w11x
w12x w13x w14x
ESCOP – European Scientific Cooperation for Phytotherapy 1996; 1. G. Bader, Z Phytother 20 (1999) 196. G. Franz, J. Kraus, Z Phytother 8 (1987) 114. K. Hiller, G. Bader, Z Phytother 17 (1996) 123. ˇ ˇ Pharm Pharmacol Lett 8 (1998) 85. S. Pepeljnjak, D. Kustrak, J. Vukusic, ´ D. Kalemba, J. Gora, A. Kurowska, T.Z.esz Majda, P.L. Nauk, Technol Chem Spoz 47 (1990) 91. T. Miyase, Y. Inose, A. Veno, Chem Pharm Bull 42 (1994) 617. G. Bader, Drogenreport 21 (1999) 25. J. Budzianowski, Sci Pharm 58 (1990) 15. D. Kalemba, Flavour Fragr J 13 (1998) 373. Skrzypczak L, Wesolowska M, Thiem B, Budzianowski J. Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry 43. Medicinal and aromatic plants XI. Berlin, Heidelberg Bajaj YPS (Ed.) Springer, Verlag, 1999; 384. B. Thiem, M. Wesolowska, L. Skrzypczak, J. Budzianowski, Acta Polon Pharm 58 (2001) 277. { National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. M7-3, 1995;15,14. A.H. Brantner, Drogenreport 21 (1999) 27.