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Antimutagenic activity of extracts from anticancer drugs in Chinese medicine
340 and cinchonine were 1 to 10 and 1 to 5 times, respectively, more active than quinine. A combination made of equal parts of quinine, quinidine, and cinchonine was found to have several interesting features; it had activity similar to that of quinine against quinine-susceptible strains hut was found to be 2 to 10 times more effective against strains resistant to quinine and had a more constant effect than any of the alkaloids used singly. The potentiation was found to depend mainly on the presence of cinchonine in the mixtures studied. Synergism was also confirmed in a study of 25 P. falciparum strains isolated from Thai patients. Combination of cinchona bark alkaloids could thus be of interest in areas where P. falciparum is becoming less susceptible to quinine. Antimutagenic
activity
of extracts
from anticancer
drugs in Chinese medicine
Lee H; Lin J-Y MUTAT. RES.; 20412 (229- 2341/1988/ The antimutagenic activities of extracts of 36 commonly used anticancer drugs from Chinese herbs were studied by using the Salmonella/microsomal system in the presence of picrolonic acid or benzotalpyrene to test whether they contain direct or indirect antimutagens. Each crude drug was extracted with boiling water for 2 h, the method which is commonly used by Chinese people to prepare the drug for oral intake. The extracts of Pteris multifida P. showed the highest antimutagenic activity against picrolonic acid-induced mutation. The extracts of 6 other different kinds of Chinese herbs was shown to have a moderate antimutagenic activity against picrolonic acid-induced mutation, and they are: Actinidia chinensis P., Artemisia lavendulaefolia DC and Crotalaria sessiflora L., Prunella vulgaris L., Paris polyphylla S. and Ampelopsis breviperdunculata T. The extracts of Smilax china L., Prunella vulgaris L. and Actinidia chinesis P. were demonstrated to inhibit the mutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrene completely. The 12 other kinds of extracts of Chinese herbs which had a moderate antimutagenic activity against benzo(alpyrene were: Pteris polyphylla S., Ampelopsis brevipedunculata T., Duchesnea indica F., Gossypium herbaceum L., Lithospermum erythrorrhizon SZ., Artemisia lavendulaefolia DC., Selaginella doederleinii H., Dianthus superbus L., Centipeda minima ABA., Curcuma zedoaria R., Marsdenia thenarissama WA. ans Kalopazax septemlobus K. Among them, there were 5 kinds of crude drugs, Actinidia chinesis P., Artemisia lavendulaefolia DC., Prunella vulgaris L., Paris polyphylla S. and Ampelopsis hrevipedunculata T., containing antimutagenic factors against both picrolonic acid- and benzo(alpyrene-induced mutation. Evaluation medicine
of tussilagone:
A cardiovascular-respiratory
stimulant
isolated
from cbinese herbal
Li Y-P; Wang Y-M GEN. PHARMACOL.; 1912 (261- 263)/1988/ 1. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine has long used Kuandong Hua (Tussilago farfara L.1 in the treatment of various respiratory conditions. 2. Recently, it has been found that an extract of this plant (7R,14R)-14-acetoxy-7-((2’El-3’-methylpent- 2’-enoyloxyl-oplopanone, is a potent cardiovascular and respiratory stimulant. 3. This compound has been named Tussilagone (TUS) and when administered intravenously, has been shown to produce an instant and dose dependent pressor effect in anesthetized dogs (0.02-0.3 mglkgl, cats (0.02-0.5 mg/kgl, and rats (0.4- 4 mglkgl. 4. This pressor effect is similar to that of dopamine; however, no tachyphalaxis has been observed. 5. In addition to its cardiovascular effects TUS produced a significant stimulation of respiration in experimental animals. 6. The acute intravenous LD, in mice of this compound was 28.9 mglkg. Chemical and biological
properties of lndole glucosinolates McDanell R; McLean AEM; Hanley AB; et al FOOD CHEM. TOXICOL.; 26/l (59- 701/1988/
(glucobrassicins):
A review
Glucosinolates are a group of secondary products commonly, but not exclusively, found in plants of the family Cruciferae. They give rise, upon enzymic hydrolysis, to a range of volatile, pungent and physiologically active compounds. Recently, particular attention has been focused upon those
activity
of extracts
from anticancer
drugs in Chinese medicine
Lee H; Lin J-Y MUTAT. RES.; 20412 (229- 2341/1988/ The antimutagenic activities of extracts of 36 commonly used anticancer drugs from Chinese herbs were studied by using the Salmonella/microsomal system in the presence of picrolonic acid or benzotalpyrene to test whether they contain direct or indirect antimutagens. Each crude drug was extracted with boiling water for 2 h, the method which is commonly used by Chinese people to prepare the drug for oral intake. The extracts of Pteris multifida P. showed the highest antimutagenic activity against picrolonic acid-induced mutation. The extracts of 6 other different kinds of Chinese herbs was shown to have a moderate antimutagenic activity against picrolonic acid-induced mutation, and they are: Actinidia chinensis P., Artemisia lavendulaefolia DC and Crotalaria sessiflora L., Prunella vulgaris L., Paris polyphylla S. and Ampelopsis breviperdunculata T. The extracts of Smilax china L., Prunella vulgaris L. and Actinidia chinesis P. were demonstrated to inhibit the mutagenicity of benzo(a)pyrene completely. The 12 other kinds of extracts of Chinese herbs which had a moderate antimutagenic activity against benzo(alpyrene were: Pteris polyphylla S., Ampelopsis brevipedunculata T., Duchesnea indica F., Gossypium herbaceum L., Lithospermum erythrorrhizon SZ., Artemisia lavendulaefolia DC., Selaginella doederleinii H., Dianthus superbus L., Centipeda minima ABA., Curcuma zedoaria R., Marsdenia thenarissama WA. ans Kalopazax septemlobus K. Among them, there were 5 kinds of crude drugs, Actinidia chinesis P., Artemisia lavendulaefolia DC., Prunella vulgaris L., Paris polyphylla S. and Ampelopsis hrevipedunculata T., containing antimutagenic factors against both picrolonic acid- and benzo(alpyrene-induced mutation. Evaluation medicine
of tussilagone:
A cardiovascular-respiratory
stimulant
isolated
from cbinese herbal
Li Y-P; Wang Y-M GEN. PHARMACOL.; 1912 (261- 263)/1988/ 1. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine has long used Kuandong Hua (Tussilago farfara L.1 in the treatment of various respiratory conditions. 2. Recently, it has been found that an extract of this plant (7R,14R)-14-acetoxy-7-((2’El-3’-methylpent- 2’-enoyloxyl-oplopanone, is a potent cardiovascular and respiratory stimulant. 3. This compound has been named Tussilagone (TUS) and when administered intravenously, has been shown to produce an instant and dose dependent pressor effect in anesthetized dogs (0.02-0.3 mglkgl, cats (0.02-0.5 mg/kgl, and rats (0.4- 4 mglkgl. 4. This pressor effect is similar to that of dopamine; however, no tachyphalaxis has been observed. 5. In addition to its cardiovascular effects TUS produced a significant stimulation of respiration in experimental animals. 6. The acute intravenous LD, in mice of this compound was 28.9 mglkg. Chemical and biological
properties of lndole glucosinolates McDanell R; McLean AEM; Hanley AB; et al FOOD CHEM. TOXICOL.; 26/l (59- 701/1988/
(glucobrassicins):
A review
Glucosinolates are a group of secondary products commonly, but not exclusively, found in plants of the family Cruciferae. They give rise, upon enzymic hydrolysis, to a range of volatile, pungent and physiologically active compounds. Recently, particular attention has been focused upon those