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Appendix IV
Appendix IV RATE OF DELIVERY OF STEEL FROM A BOTTOM-POUR LADLE
3000 4000 5000
1500 2000
10 k
150 k
100 k
1 12 80 00 0
300 400 500
150 200
le zz No m a i d m) (m
50
100
ta
me
1000
t of
igh We
ed
our
ep
b l to
lad
30 k 40 k 50 k
kg)
le (
m fro
20 k
The following is an example of how the nomogram is used. A ladle contains 5000 kg of steel, from which we wish to pour a casting of total weight 1250 kg. Thus, in Figure A6, we follow the arrows from the start point to junction A. From here, a horizontal line connects to the next figure, where we select a pouring nozzle for the ladle of 60-mm diameter. At this junction B, we drop a vertical line down to intersect with the line denoting that our ladle is about 1.5 m internal diameter. From
B
0k 30 0k
10 0k
20
Mean internal diameter of ladle (m)
Weight of metal in ladle prior to pour (kg)
50 k
20 k
10 k
5k
2k
1k
0 50
0
0
20
10
50
15
20
25
30
40 50 60
A
0.5
1.0
1.5
C
2.0 2.5 10
20
40 60 100 200 400 600 1000 Discharge time (s)
2000
FIGURE A6 Rate of delivery of metal from a bottom-pour ladle.
957
958
APPENDIX IV
this junction C, we continue with a parallel line to the family of sloping lines, to find that our casting will pour in approximately 23 s. Interestingly, the reader can check that the next 1250 kg casting in line (now starting with a ladle of 5000 – 1250 ¼ 3750 kg) will be found to pour in about 29 s, and the next in 34 s, and the next in 77 s, as the ladle progressively empties.
3000 4000 5000
1500 2000
10 k
150 k
100 k
1 12 80 00 0
300 400 500
150 200
le zz No m a i d m) (m
50
100
ta
me
1000
t of
igh We
ed
our
ep
b l to
lad
30 k 40 k 50 k
kg)
le (
m fro
20 k
The following is an example of how the nomogram is used. A ladle contains 5000 kg of steel, from which we wish to pour a casting of total weight 1250 kg. Thus, in Figure A6, we follow the arrows from the start point to junction A. From here, a horizontal line connects to the next figure, where we select a pouring nozzle for the ladle of 60-mm diameter. At this junction B, we drop a vertical line down to intersect with the line denoting that our ladle is about 1.5 m internal diameter. From
B
0k 30 0k
10 0k
20
Mean internal diameter of ladle (m)
Weight of metal in ladle prior to pour (kg)
50 k
20 k
10 k
5k
2k
1k
0 50
0
0
20
10
50
15
20
25
30
40 50 60
A
0.5
1.0
1.5
C
2.0 2.5 10
20
40 60 100 200 400 600 1000 Discharge time (s)
2000
FIGURE A6 Rate of delivery of metal from a bottom-pour ladle.
957
958
APPENDIX IV
this junction C, we continue with a parallel line to the family of sloping lines, to find that our casting will pour in approximately 23 s. Interestingly, the reader can check that the next 1250 kg casting in line (now starting with a ladle of 5000 – 1250 ¼ 3750 kg) will be found to pour in about 29 s, and the next in 34 s, and the next in 77 s, as the ladle progressively empties.