- Email: [email protected]
Application of a complex activated sludge model to improve the effectiveness of nutrients removal from wastewater
Special Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 150S (2010) S1–S576
potential to remove oil from contaminated water in a short period of time. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.029
S213
Makinia, J., Rosenwinkel, K.-H., Spering, V., 2006. Comparison of two model concepts for simulation of nitrogen removal at a full scale biological nutrient removal pilot plant. Journal of Environmental Engineering 132 (4), 476–487. Petersen, B., Gernaey, K., Henze, M., Vanrolleghem, P.A. (2003) Calibration of activated sludge models: A critical review of experimental designs. In: Agathos, S.N., Reineke, W., (Eds.), Biotechnology for the Environment: Wastewater Treatment and Modelling. Waste Gas Handling. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.
[P-E.8] Application of a complex activated sludge model to improve the effectiveness of nutrients removal from wastewater E. Liwarska-Bizukojc 1,∗ , R. Ledakowicz 3
Biernacki 1,2 , D.
Olejnik 1 , S.
1 Technical University of Lodz, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland 2 Water Supply System and Sewer Zgierz Ltd., Poland 3 Technical University of Lodz, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Poland Keywords: activated sludge; model calibration; nutrients removal
Introduction: This study aims at the calibration of a complex activated sludge model to assure its predictability and to improve the effectiveness of nutrients removal in the full-scale plant. In this context the influence of temperature and sludge retention time (SRT) on effluent quality are also analysed. Methods: The object of the study is the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Zgierz (Poland). The biological step consists of a three-zone bioreactor and secondary clarifier working as Phoredox system. Simulations were performed with the help of BioWin 3.0 (EnviroSim Associates Ltd.). It uses the model combined of activated sludge models (ASMs): ASM1, ASM2d and ASM3. Steady state and dynamic calibrations of the model were performed according to Petersen et al. (2003). After the calibration, the simulations were made at different process temperature: 12-20 ◦ C and SRT: 10-30 d. Results: Four model parameters had to be adjusted within the steady state calibration, whereas within the dynamic one – nine parameters. Almost all these parameters were associated with growth of ordinary heterotrophs or phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs), i.e. decay rate constants, half-saturation constants, yield coefficients. The increase of temperature improved nitrification, however it did not have significant effect on denitrification and phosphorus removal. SRT was more influential than temperature with respect to improving the effectiveness of nitrogen removal. It was found that SRT should not exceed 21 d. Discussion: So far several attempts have been made to calibrate individual models from ASM-family and to identify their most sensitive parameters (Brun et al., 2002; Makinia et al., 2006). At the same time the complex ASM-based models, as the studied one, have been hardly ever investigated. Here, this gap is filled. This work shows that despite its complexity the calibration of the studied model allows for good prediction of the effluent quality. Furthermore, it facilitates the optimisation of operating parameters of WWTP such as SRT, temperature and recycle ratio. The work also proves that SRT is a key operating parameter so its choice is an important task and such software as BioWin supports it.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.030 [P-E.9] Comparison of bioremediation technologies for preliminary washed oil sludge in Komi Republic Alexander B. Kurchenko, Valentina P. Murygina ∗ , Sergey N. Gaidamaka Joint Stock Co. LTD “Pryroda”, Moscow State University, Russian Federation Keywords: bioremediation; oil sludge; sediments; bacterial preparation With the purpose of choice a most economically attractive and effective technology comparative laboratory and field tests of two bioremediation technologies for previously washed oil sludge with residual oil contamination were performed: (1) bioremediation with oil-degrading bacterial preparation “Rhoder” and (2) bioremediation with sediments from Usinsk WWTP, Komi Republic. Hydrocarbon concentrations were analyzed by gravimetric, GC-MS, GC and HPLC methods. MPN of different groups of microorganisms were counted on selective mediums. Biogenic elements in sludge were analyzed by spectrophotometer. Under laboratory conditions the optimal proportion of sediment and sludge with initial HC concentration of 65.2±3.4 g/kg DM was established. It was shown that efficiency of the “Rhoder” (15 mg/1 g of oil) application or the sediment from WWTP was closed on absolute indexes (fig. 1). The mix of the sediment and the sludge with initial HC concentration of 83.8±25.8 g/kg DM in the optimal proportion decreased content of saturated HC by 60%, aromatic HC by 64%, asphaltenes by 39% for one warm season in a field-scale test. The restoration of MPN of soil microorganisms and growth of weed plants introduced with the sediment into the treated sludge were observed. The “Rhoder” was applied in the field conditions only in 2008. Initial concentration of HC in the sludge was 134.2±20.6 g/kg DM. Decreasing of HC pollution under the influence of the preparation was presented on fig. 2. During bioremediation of the oil sludge with sediments the appearance of PAH (phenantrene, pyrene, benzopyrene) was not observed. However, for the “Rhoder” the trace of phenantrene was observed (fig.3). The researches in 2008-2009 showed that application of the sediment with high MPN of nonspecific microorganisms decreased the initial concentration of HC in the sludge by 2.5 times and restored significantly biological activity of sludge, while for the “Rhoder” it was needed 2-3 of warm seasons.
Acknowledgement This work was financed by Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Republic of Poland), project no. N N209 102 637. References Brun, R., Kuhni, M., Siegrist, H., Gujer, W., Reichert, P., 2002. Practical identifiability of ASM2d parameters – systematic selection and tuning of parameters subsets. Water Research 36 (16), 4113–4127.
Fig. 1. GC-MS analysis for estimating efficiency of bioremediation of the oil sludge with using of activation of indigenous microorganisms, or the sediment, or the “Rhoder” in laboratory
potential to remove oil from contaminated water in a short period of time. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.029
S213
Makinia, J., Rosenwinkel, K.-H., Spering, V., 2006. Comparison of two model concepts for simulation of nitrogen removal at a full scale biological nutrient removal pilot plant. Journal of Environmental Engineering 132 (4), 476–487. Petersen, B., Gernaey, K., Henze, M., Vanrolleghem, P.A. (2003) Calibration of activated sludge models: A critical review of experimental designs. In: Agathos, S.N., Reineke, W., (Eds.), Biotechnology for the Environment: Wastewater Treatment and Modelling. Waste Gas Handling. Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht.
[P-E.8] Application of a complex activated sludge model to improve the effectiveness of nutrients removal from wastewater E. Liwarska-Bizukojc 1,∗ , R. Ledakowicz 3
Biernacki 1,2 , D.
Olejnik 1 , S.
1 Technical University of Lodz, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland 2 Water Supply System and Sewer Zgierz Ltd., Poland 3 Technical University of Lodz, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Poland Keywords: activated sludge; model calibration; nutrients removal
Introduction: This study aims at the calibration of a complex activated sludge model to assure its predictability and to improve the effectiveness of nutrients removal in the full-scale plant. In this context the influence of temperature and sludge retention time (SRT) on effluent quality are also analysed. Methods: The object of the study is the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Zgierz (Poland). The biological step consists of a three-zone bioreactor and secondary clarifier working as Phoredox system. Simulations were performed with the help of BioWin 3.0 (EnviroSim Associates Ltd.). It uses the model combined of activated sludge models (ASMs): ASM1, ASM2d and ASM3. Steady state and dynamic calibrations of the model were performed according to Petersen et al. (2003). After the calibration, the simulations were made at different process temperature: 12-20 ◦ C and SRT: 10-30 d. Results: Four model parameters had to be adjusted within the steady state calibration, whereas within the dynamic one – nine parameters. Almost all these parameters were associated with growth of ordinary heterotrophs or phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs), i.e. decay rate constants, half-saturation constants, yield coefficients. The increase of temperature improved nitrification, however it did not have significant effect on denitrification and phosphorus removal. SRT was more influential than temperature with respect to improving the effectiveness of nitrogen removal. It was found that SRT should not exceed 21 d. Discussion: So far several attempts have been made to calibrate individual models from ASM-family and to identify their most sensitive parameters (Brun et al., 2002; Makinia et al., 2006). At the same time the complex ASM-based models, as the studied one, have been hardly ever investigated. Here, this gap is filled. This work shows that despite its complexity the calibration of the studied model allows for good prediction of the effluent quality. Furthermore, it facilitates the optimisation of operating parameters of WWTP such as SRT, temperature and recycle ratio. The work also proves that SRT is a key operating parameter so its choice is an important task and such software as BioWin supports it.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.09.030 [P-E.9] Comparison of bioremediation technologies for preliminary washed oil sludge in Komi Republic Alexander B. Kurchenko, Valentina P. Murygina ∗ , Sergey N. Gaidamaka Joint Stock Co. LTD “Pryroda”, Moscow State University, Russian Federation Keywords: bioremediation; oil sludge; sediments; bacterial preparation With the purpose of choice a most economically attractive and effective technology comparative laboratory and field tests of two bioremediation technologies for previously washed oil sludge with residual oil contamination were performed: (1) bioremediation with oil-degrading bacterial preparation “Rhoder” and (2) bioremediation with sediments from Usinsk WWTP, Komi Republic. Hydrocarbon concentrations were analyzed by gravimetric, GC-MS, GC and HPLC methods. MPN of different groups of microorganisms were counted on selective mediums. Biogenic elements in sludge were analyzed by spectrophotometer. Under laboratory conditions the optimal proportion of sediment and sludge with initial HC concentration of 65.2±3.4 g/kg DM was established. It was shown that efficiency of the “Rhoder” (15 mg/1 g of oil) application or the sediment from WWTP was closed on absolute indexes (fig. 1). The mix of the sediment and the sludge with initial HC concentration of 83.8±25.8 g/kg DM in the optimal proportion decreased content of saturated HC by 60%, aromatic HC by 64%, asphaltenes by 39% for one warm season in a field-scale test. The restoration of MPN of soil microorganisms and growth of weed plants introduced with the sediment into the treated sludge were observed. The “Rhoder” was applied in the field conditions only in 2008. Initial concentration of HC in the sludge was 134.2±20.6 g/kg DM. Decreasing of HC pollution under the influence of the preparation was presented on fig. 2. During bioremediation of the oil sludge with sediments the appearance of PAH (phenantrene, pyrene, benzopyrene) was not observed. However, for the “Rhoder” the trace of phenantrene was observed (fig.3). The researches in 2008-2009 showed that application of the sediment with high MPN of nonspecific microorganisms decreased the initial concentration of HC in the sludge by 2.5 times and restored significantly biological activity of sludge, while for the “Rhoder” it was needed 2-3 of warm seasons.
Acknowledgement This work was financed by Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Republic of Poland), project no. N N209 102 637. References Brun, R., Kuhni, M., Siegrist, H., Gujer, W., Reichert, P., 2002. Practical identifiability of ASM2d parameters – systematic selection and tuning of parameters subsets. Water Research 36 (16), 4113–4127.
Fig. 1. GC-MS analysis for estimating efficiency of bioremediation of the oil sludge with using of activation of indigenous microorganisms, or the sediment, or the “Rhoder” in laboratory