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Application of photoelastic models to explain microfractures and joints in carbonate strata
130A Resonant column tests involving anisotropic confining conditions were conducted on 3 clean, dry sands in order to evaluate the effects of static stress ratio and stress path on the dynamic shear modulus, G. From the results it was determined that increasing the stress ratio decreased G up to 20-30%, but the reduction was not significant for stress ratios below 2.0. Stress history caused a reduction in G, but when the final stress ratio was the maximum value obtained, the stress path followed to attain that value had little influence. The results also indicated that G depends equally on the static principal stresses in the directions of wave propagation and of particle motion. Two empirical equations are given for G, in terms of the 2 significant principal stresses. 844071 Cycfic simple shear behavior of fine grained soils Dyvik, R; Zimmie, T F; Schimelfenyg, P Norw Geotech lnst Publ N149, 1983, 6P
844074 Correlation between the evolution of mineralizing fluids and the geomeehaulcul development of a shear zone as illustrated by the Henderson 2 Mine, Quebec Guha, J; Archambault, G; Leroy, J Econ Geol V78, N8, Dec 1983, P1605-1618 A geomechanical interpretation of the fracture system shows the order of development of each set of fractures. It is suggested that the dilation associated with this fracture system has important consequences for fluid pressure, fluid migration and hence mineralization. 43 refs. 844075 Relationship of fault displacement to gouge and breccia thickhess
Robertson, E C Min Engng V35, NIO, Oct 1983, P1426-1432
See: 844158
Field and laboratory results support the hypothesis that the thickness t of gouge and breccia on a fault increases irregularly but monotonically with its displacement for various rock types, for d from lmm-lkm. The trend of data points has a slope d/t of about 100, but until the point scatter is corrected, this slope should be used with caution to estimate the displacement of orebodies in mines. The dispersion of points may be explained as due to inaccurate measurements o f d or t and to variations in the conditions of confining pressure, rock type, water, and strain history. Limestone is an exception to the relation. Large strike-slip and overthrust faults are not accounted for by the hypothesis and are excluded from it. Auth.
Geology
Environmental effects, weathering and soil formation
Consolidated, constant volume, cyclic direct simple shear tests were performed on 2 marine clays. The tests were performed with two way loading (complete stress reversal). Two models for predicting the shear cyclic behaviour of soils, one using cyclic shear strain and one using pore pressure, show close agreement with the test results. The pore pressure method, however, is easier.
Classification and identification
See: 844275 844072 Geology for geoteehnicai engineers Harvey, J C Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982, 136P A textbook on the fundamentals of geology needed in the study of geotechnics. Includes chapters on: rock forming minerals, rock formation and decomposition; rock types; geological structures and rock instability; maps; and engineering description of rocks.
Tectonic processes 844073 Application of photoelastic models to explain microfractures and joints in carbonate strata Das Gupta, U; Currie, J B Can J Forth Sci V20, N11, Nov 1983, P1682-1693 Araldite and thysol plastic two-dimensional models suggest that orthogonal sets of microfractures should trend parallel to principal tectonic axes and that when diagenetic changes, such as doiomitization, are intense, microfractures could be generated during both loading and unloading episodes in the history of a sedimentary basin. Petrographic observation of carbonates in the Turner Valley Formation illustrates the occurrence of microfractures. Lab tests demonstrate their preferred alignment in principal tectonic directions.
Earthquake mechanisms and effects See: 844068
Frost action, permafrost and frozen ground See: 844255
Hydrog
y
844076 General hydrngeology Pinneker, E V Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983, 141P 844O77 Imlmet of Iongwail mining on the hydroingic balance; ~ e -
miningdata collection
Evans, G S; Hailu, T; Weagraff, H M; Warner, J W; Lowry, G S US Bureau of Mines report OFR 187-83, 31 May 1983, 141P This report documents a preliminary hydrologic investigation of an area where longwall mining methods are to be ~ . The scope of work includes determination of physical and chemical characteristics of major soil types in the area; determination of physical and chemical properties of surface water bodies; collection of geologic characteristics, including stratigraphy, structure, and detailed aquifer descriptions; a 10 year collection of meteorological data and installation of a weather station; and a detailed ground water investigation that includes completion of
844074 Correlation between the evolution of mineralizing fluids and the geomeehaulcul development of a shear zone as illustrated by the Henderson 2 Mine, Quebec Guha, J; Archambault, G; Leroy, J Econ Geol V78, N8, Dec 1983, P1605-1618 A geomechanical interpretation of the fracture system shows the order of development of each set of fractures. It is suggested that the dilation associated with this fracture system has important consequences for fluid pressure, fluid migration and hence mineralization. 43 refs. 844075 Relationship of fault displacement to gouge and breccia thickhess
Robertson, E C Min Engng V35, NIO, Oct 1983, P1426-1432
See: 844158
Field and laboratory results support the hypothesis that the thickness t of gouge and breccia on a fault increases irregularly but monotonically with its displacement for various rock types, for d from lmm-lkm. The trend of data points has a slope d/t of about 100, but until the point scatter is corrected, this slope should be used with caution to estimate the displacement of orebodies in mines. The dispersion of points may be explained as due to inaccurate measurements o f d or t and to variations in the conditions of confining pressure, rock type, water, and strain history. Limestone is an exception to the relation. Large strike-slip and overthrust faults are not accounted for by the hypothesis and are excluded from it. Auth.
Geology
Environmental effects, weathering and soil formation
Consolidated, constant volume, cyclic direct simple shear tests were performed on 2 marine clays. The tests were performed with two way loading (complete stress reversal). Two models for predicting the shear cyclic behaviour of soils, one using cyclic shear strain and one using pore pressure, show close agreement with the test results. The pore pressure method, however, is easier.
Classification and identification
See: 844275 844072 Geology for geoteehnicai engineers Harvey, J C Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982, 136P A textbook on the fundamentals of geology needed in the study of geotechnics. Includes chapters on: rock forming minerals, rock formation and decomposition; rock types; geological structures and rock instability; maps; and engineering description of rocks.
Tectonic processes 844073 Application of photoelastic models to explain microfractures and joints in carbonate strata Das Gupta, U; Currie, J B Can J Forth Sci V20, N11, Nov 1983, P1682-1693 Araldite and thysol plastic two-dimensional models suggest that orthogonal sets of microfractures should trend parallel to principal tectonic axes and that when diagenetic changes, such as doiomitization, are intense, microfractures could be generated during both loading and unloading episodes in the history of a sedimentary basin. Petrographic observation of carbonates in the Turner Valley Formation illustrates the occurrence of microfractures. Lab tests demonstrate their preferred alignment in principal tectonic directions.
Earthquake mechanisms and effects See: 844068
Frost action, permafrost and frozen ground See: 844255
Hydrog
y
844076 General hydrngeology Pinneker, E V Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983, 141P 844O77 Imlmet of Iongwail mining on the hydroingic balance; ~ e -
miningdata collection
Evans, G S; Hailu, T; Weagraff, H M; Warner, J W; Lowry, G S US Bureau of Mines report OFR 187-83, 31 May 1983, 141P This report documents a preliminary hydrologic investigation of an area where longwall mining methods are to be ~ . The scope of work includes determination of physical and chemical characteristics of major soil types in the area; determination of physical and chemical properties of surface water bodies; collection of geologic characteristics, including stratigraphy, structure, and detailed aquifer descriptions; a 10 year collection of meteorological data and installation of a weather station; and a detailed ground water investigation that includes completion of