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Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity xxx (2017) 1e2
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jenvrad
Letter to the editor
Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response
Dear Editor With great interest, we have read the article by van de Walle et al. entitled “Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response” that is published in the Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 165 (2016) 270e279 (van de Walle et al., 2016). In this article, the authors evaluated the differences at the level of the antioxidative stress response between two generations of A. thaliana plants with a different radiation history that were externally exposed to gamma radiation at different dose rates for 14 days. We have previously reported that when living organisms preexposed to low levels of ionizing (Mortazavi et al., 2005a, b, 2010; Mortazavi and Mozdarani, 2006; Mortazavi et al., 2010) or nonionizing radiation (Mortazavi et al., 2011; Mortazavi, 2012; Haghani et al., 2013; Mortazavi and Mozdarani, 2013; Mortazavi, 2014) receive a large dose (challenge dose) later, the detrimental biological effects can be less than if they were exposed to the large dose alone. Although the paper authored by van de Walle et al. is a well-structured informative article, it has some shortcomings. The first shortcoming of this paper comes from this point that the authors have not considered that in animal studies, not only inhibitors of protein synthesis can block the induction of adaptive response, but also the needed time scale of several hours between the adapting (priming or conditioning) and challenging dose for induction of radioadaptative response, lead us to this conclusion that synthesis of new proteins is possibly involved in this phenomenon (Youngblom et al., 1989; Kim et al., 1996; Tapio and Jacob, 2007). The authors have not considered this potential mechanism. On the other hand, it's widely believed that the adaptive response can decay whenever the time interval between the adapting and challenging doses goes beyond several hours (Esposito et al., 2011). In this light, to the best of our knowledge, only a few papers have reported that the adaptive response can be observed in the next generations. Therefore, the authors should have discussed the reason that despite hundreds of published papers on the induction of adaptive response, reports on the induction of this phenomenon in the next generations are scarce. References Esposito, G., Campa, A., Pinto, M., Simone, G., Tabocchini, M.A., Belli, M., 2011. Adaptive response: modelling and experimental studies. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 143,
320e324. Haghani, M., Mortazavi, S.M.J., Sardari, D., Mosleh-Shirazi, M.A., Mansouri, A., 2013. Assessment of the role of specific absorption rate of mobile phones on the induction of microwave-induced survival adaptive responses after exposure to lethal doses of gamma radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Res. 11, 167e173. Kim, J.H., Hahm, K.H., Cho, C.K., Yoo, S.Y., 1996. Protein biosynthesis in low dose ionizing radiation-adapted human melanoma cells. J. Radiat. Res. 37, 161e169. Mortazavi, S.M.J., 2012. Space research and emf-induced adaptive responses. J. Med. Hypotheses Ideas 7, 1e2. Mortazavi, S.M.J., 2014. Is mobile phone radiofrequency radiation all bad? J. Med. Hypotheses Ideas 8, 42e43. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Cameron, J.R., Niroomand-Rad, A., 2005a. The life saving role of radioadaptive responses in long-term interplanetary space journeys. Int. Congr. Ser. 1276, 266e267. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Shabestani-Monfared, A., Ghiassi-Nejad, M., Mozdarani, H., 2005b. Radioadaptive responses induced in lymphocytes of the inhabitants in ramsar, Iran. Int. Congr. Ser. 1276, 201e203. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Mosleh-Shirazi, M.A., Mehdizadeh, S., Rouintan, M.S., Ebrahimi, J., Tamaddon, M., Koshnevis, M., 2010. Short-term radon inhalation induces significant survival adaptive response in balb/c mice. Int. J. Low Radiat. 7, 98e109. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Mosleh-Shirazi, M.A., Tavassoli, A.R., Taheri, M., Bagheri, Z., Ghalandari, R., Bonyadi, S., Shafie, M., Haghani, M., 2011. A comparative study on the increased radioresistance to lethal doses of gamma rays after exposure to microwave radiation and oral intake of flaxseed oil. Iran. J. Radiat. Res. 9, 9e14. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Mozdarani, H., 2006. The search for a possible optimum adapting dose under the optimum irradiation time scheme in cultured human lymphocytes. Int. J. Low Radiat. 3, 74e82. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Mozdarani, H., 2013. Deep space missions and the issue of overcoming the problem of space radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Res. 11, 199e202. Tapio, S., Jacob, V., 2007. Radioadaptive response revisited. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 46, 1e12. van de Walle, J., Horemans, N., Saenen, E., Van Hees, M., Wannijn, J., Nauts, R., van Gompel, A., Vangronsveld, J., Vandenhove, H., Cuypers, A., 2016. Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response. J. Environ. Radioact. 165, 270e279. Youngblom, J.H., Wiencke, J.K., Wolff, S., 1989. Inhibition of the adaptive response of human lymphocytes to very low doses of ionizing radiation by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. Mutat. Res. 227, 257e261.
a
S.M.J. Mortazavia,b, S.A.R. Mortazavic, Maryam Paknahadd,* Professor of Medical Physics, Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran b
Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran c
Student of Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.12.009 0265-931X/© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Please cite this article in press as: Mortazavi, S.M.J., et al.Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.12.009
2
Letter to the editor / Journal of Environmental Radioactivity xxx (2017) 1e2 d
Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran *
Corresponding author. Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Shiraz Dental School, Ghasrodasht Street, Shiraz 7144833586, Iran.
E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Paknahad). 1 December 2016 Available online xxx
Please cite this article in press as: Mortazavi, S.M.J., et al.Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.12.009
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jenvrad
Letter to the editor
Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response
Dear Editor With great interest, we have read the article by van de Walle et al. entitled “Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response” that is published in the Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 165 (2016) 270e279 (van de Walle et al., 2016). In this article, the authors evaluated the differences at the level of the antioxidative stress response between two generations of A. thaliana plants with a different radiation history that were externally exposed to gamma radiation at different dose rates for 14 days. We have previously reported that when living organisms preexposed to low levels of ionizing (Mortazavi et al., 2005a, b, 2010; Mortazavi and Mozdarani, 2006; Mortazavi et al., 2010) or nonionizing radiation (Mortazavi et al., 2011; Mortazavi, 2012; Haghani et al., 2013; Mortazavi and Mozdarani, 2013; Mortazavi, 2014) receive a large dose (challenge dose) later, the detrimental biological effects can be less than if they were exposed to the large dose alone. Although the paper authored by van de Walle et al. is a well-structured informative article, it has some shortcomings. The first shortcoming of this paper comes from this point that the authors have not considered that in animal studies, not only inhibitors of protein synthesis can block the induction of adaptive response, but also the needed time scale of several hours between the adapting (priming or conditioning) and challenging dose for induction of radioadaptative response, lead us to this conclusion that synthesis of new proteins is possibly involved in this phenomenon (Youngblom et al., 1989; Kim et al., 1996; Tapio and Jacob, 2007). The authors have not considered this potential mechanism. On the other hand, it's widely believed that the adaptive response can decay whenever the time interval between the adapting and challenging doses goes beyond several hours (Esposito et al., 2011). In this light, to the best of our knowledge, only a few papers have reported that the adaptive response can be observed in the next generations. Therefore, the authors should have discussed the reason that despite hundreds of published papers on the induction of adaptive response, reports on the induction of this phenomenon in the next generations are scarce. References Esposito, G., Campa, A., Pinto, M., Simone, G., Tabocchini, M.A., Belli, M., 2011. Adaptive response: modelling and experimental studies. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 143,
320e324. Haghani, M., Mortazavi, S.M.J., Sardari, D., Mosleh-Shirazi, M.A., Mansouri, A., 2013. Assessment of the role of specific absorption rate of mobile phones on the induction of microwave-induced survival adaptive responses after exposure to lethal doses of gamma radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Res. 11, 167e173. Kim, J.H., Hahm, K.H., Cho, C.K., Yoo, S.Y., 1996. Protein biosynthesis in low dose ionizing radiation-adapted human melanoma cells. J. Radiat. Res. 37, 161e169. Mortazavi, S.M.J., 2012. Space research and emf-induced adaptive responses. J. Med. Hypotheses Ideas 7, 1e2. Mortazavi, S.M.J., 2014. Is mobile phone radiofrequency radiation all bad? J. Med. Hypotheses Ideas 8, 42e43. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Cameron, J.R., Niroomand-Rad, A., 2005a. The life saving role of radioadaptive responses in long-term interplanetary space journeys. Int. Congr. Ser. 1276, 266e267. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Shabestani-Monfared, A., Ghiassi-Nejad, M., Mozdarani, H., 2005b. Radioadaptive responses induced in lymphocytes of the inhabitants in ramsar, Iran. Int. Congr. Ser. 1276, 201e203. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Mosleh-Shirazi, M.A., Mehdizadeh, S., Rouintan, M.S., Ebrahimi, J., Tamaddon, M., Koshnevis, M., 2010. Short-term radon inhalation induces significant survival adaptive response in balb/c mice. Int. J. Low Radiat. 7, 98e109. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Mosleh-Shirazi, M.A., Tavassoli, A.R., Taheri, M., Bagheri, Z., Ghalandari, R., Bonyadi, S., Shafie, M., Haghani, M., 2011. A comparative study on the increased radioresistance to lethal doses of gamma rays after exposure to microwave radiation and oral intake of flaxseed oil. Iran. J. Radiat. Res. 9, 9e14. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Mozdarani, H., 2006. The search for a possible optimum adapting dose under the optimum irradiation time scheme in cultured human lymphocytes. Int. J. Low Radiat. 3, 74e82. Mortazavi, S.M.J., Mozdarani, H., 2013. Deep space missions and the issue of overcoming the problem of space radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Res. 11, 199e202. Tapio, S., Jacob, V., 2007. Radioadaptive response revisited. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 46, 1e12. van de Walle, J., Horemans, N., Saenen, E., Van Hees, M., Wannijn, J., Nauts, R., van Gompel, A., Vangronsveld, J., Vandenhove, H., Cuypers, A., 2016. Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response. J. Environ. Radioact. 165, 270e279. Youngblom, J.H., Wiencke, J.K., Wolff, S., 1989. Inhibition of the adaptive response of human lymphocytes to very low doses of ionizing radiation by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. Mutat. Res. 227, 257e261.
a
S.M.J. Mortazavia,b, S.A.R. Mortazavic, Maryam Paknahadd,* Professor of Medical Physics, Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran b
Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran c
Student of Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.12.009 0265-931X/© 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Please cite this article in press as: Mortazavi, S.M.J., et al.Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.12.009
2
Letter to the editor / Journal of Environmental Radioactivity xxx (2017) 1e2 d
Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran *
Corresponding author. Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Shiraz Dental School, Ghasrodasht Street, Shiraz 7144833586, Iran.
E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Paknahad). 1 December 2016 Available online xxx
Please cite this article in press as: Mortazavi, S.M.J., et al.Arabidopsis plants exposed to gamma radiation in two successive generations show a different oxidative stress response, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.12.009