Aromatase activity of human granulosa cells in patients with polycystic ovaries treated with dexamethasone

Citations from the Literalure 0.6). a higher mean of maximal serum 17-estradiol versus I78 pg/mL). a shorter duration of menotropin

levels (560 treatment

(7 versus I I days). and fewer ampules of monotropin used (20 versus 37 ampules/cycle) in metoclopramide-treated cycles as compared with control cycles, respectively. Serum prolactin levels reached a maximum of 172 ng/mL within I h after metoclopramide administration and declined to normal range within 6 h. These results suggest that intermittent increased prolactin secretion may augment ovarian response to gonadotropins.

Aromatase

activity

of human granulosa

cells in patients with

polycystic ovaries treated with dexamethasone

Bider D: Pariente C; Dor J: Zolti M; Mashiach S; Ben-Rafael Z Depurfment of Ohsrcrrics und Gynecology. Chtrim Sheha MedicoI Ccnrer. Tel Hrrshomer 52621 ISR FERTIL STERIL 1990. 54/4 (597-600) The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) (9-Fluro-l6-methyl prednisolone) on secretion of steroids by human granulosa luteinized cells was follicles of women for infertility in the treated with DEX

studied by culturing cells from mature with polycystic ovarian disease and treated in vitro fertilization program. Patients were 0.5 mg/d until the day of human chorionic

gonadotropin administration. The cells were cultured for 24 hours in the presence of androstenedione (IO-’ M). After incubating for 24 hours, the medium was replaced and the cells were incubated for an additional 24 hours. The medium was then harvested and assayed for estradiol (Ez) and progesterone (P). Results were compared with those of a control group who was not treated with DEX. Estradiol production by cells was significantly lower in the study group treated with DEX. Progesterone production was not influenced by DEX. Follicular fluid levels. El. and androgens did not vary with DEX treatment, whereas cortisol levels markedly decreased and P levels increased with the treatment. These findings suggest that glucocorticosteroids cell function.

can directly

influence

granulosa

luteinized

mycobacteria in infertile Egyptian men Abdel Razic MM; El-Morsy FE Depuriment qf Dermurology cmd Androlog~~. Fwult.v Medicine. Munsouru Universit_v, Munsourcc. EC Y

313

lous mycobacteria were detected in 5 of 23 cases (21.7%). Nontuberculous mycobacteria were detected in I8 of 23 cases (78.3%). Mycobacterium smegmatis was the most common mycobacterium seminal picture,

Contraeeptive

isolated. There was though not significant.

efficacy

improvement after therapy.

of testosterone-induced

of

azoospermia

the

in

normal men

Zhang G-Y; Li G-Z; Soutir JC; Huhtaniemi

Wu FCW; Baker HWG; Wang X-H: I: Paulsen CA; Gottlieb C; Handelsman

DJ: Farley TMM; Hazelden C: Peregoudov A; Waites GMH Speck1 Programme of Research. Development and Reserrrch Twining in Human Reproduction. World Health Orgunisation. 1211 Geneva 27, CHE LANCET 1990. 336/8721 (955-959) A multicentre study (ten centres) in seven countries was done to assess the contraceptive efficacy of hormonally-induced azoospermia in 271 healthy fertile men. Each subject received 200 mg testosterone enanthate weekly by intramuscular injection. I57 men (cumulative rate at 6 months 65%) became azoospermic in three consecutive semen samples. These men entered a l2-month efficacy phase during which continuing testosterone injections were the only form of contraception. There was I pregnancy during 1486 months of the efftcacy phase (0.8 conceptions (95% confidence interval 0.024.5) per 100 person-years). Discontinuations from the study were mainly because azoospermia was not achieved within 6 months and because of dislike of the injection schedule. The mean time to become azoospermic was 120 days (SD 40); reappearance of spermatozoa was detected in II men and in no case led to discontinuation from the study or to pregnancy. After the testosterone injections had been stopped, the estimated median time from azoospermia to recovery (sperm concentration of at least 20 million/ml) was 3.7 months (3.6-3.9) and to the subject’s mean baseline sperm concentration was 6.7 months (6.2-8.7). Hormonal regimens that induce azoospermia can provide highly effective. sustained, and reversible male contraception with minimum side-effects.

Genitourinary

Analysis of sperm function in globozoospermia:

o/

FERTIL STERIL 1990. 5414 (713-717) Forty infertile patients with a preliminary diagnosis of genitourinary tuberculosis were selected for our study when they presented with one or more of the following: (I) personal or family history of tuberculosis, (2) sterile pyuria. (3) voiding urinary symptoms, (4) abnormality in the epididymis. (5) hemospermia, and (6) clinically unexplained obligoathenospermia. Direct smear examination by Ziehl-Neelsen stain for 24-hour urine and freshly ejaculated semen for 3 days as well as culture of midstream urine and semen were done on egg media. Urine smear was positive (+)ive in 20 patients (50%). culture was (+)ive in 23 (57.5%). whereas for semen smear was (+)ive in 3 (7.3%)) and culture

was (+)ive in 5 (20%). Tubercu-

Implications for

the mechanism of sperm-zona interaction

Aitken RJ; Kerr L: Bolton V; Hargreave T MRC Reproductive Biology Unit, Ccntre .j&

Reproductive

Biology, 37 Chalmers Sweer. Edinburgh EH3 9E W, GBR FERTIL STERIL 1990. 54/4 (701-707) The globozoospermic condition has provided a unique opportunity to determine how the abnormal mitochondrial organization and acrosomal loss associated with this syndrome, influence sperm function. Despite the abnormal midpiece architecture, the movement characteristics of the spermatozoa. in terms of the curvilinear, path, and progressive velocities. amplitude of head displacement. and hyperactivation were all within the normal range. Similarly. the behavior of the spermatozoa on Percoll gradients was normal. although the capacity of the isolated fractions to generate reactive oxygen species