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Artificial neural network predicts SOFC performance
RESEARCH TRENDS
Research Trends
Y.-S. Chou, J.W. Stevenson and L.A. Chick: J. Power Sources 112(1) 130–136 (24 October 2002).
I. Honma, H. Nakajima, O. Nishikawa, T. Sugimoto and S. Nomura: J. Electrochem. Soc. 149(10) A1389–1392 (October 2002).
Methanol-steam reformation in internal reforming fuel cell
Degradation of Al–Fe coatings in MCFC wet-seal
PrMnO3-based perovskite oxides for SOFC cathodes
Here the degradation behaviour of Al–Fe coatings was investigated in the MCFC wet-seal environment. The coating Al content should be >25 at% to form and maintain a protective LiAlO2 layer. J.H. Jun, J.H. Jun and K.Y. Kim: J. Power Sources 112(1) 153–161 (24 October 2002).
Pr1–xSrxMnO3 and Pr0.6–ySr0.4MnO3 were synthesized for SOFC cathodes. Pr0.6–ySr0.4MnO3 has better electrical conductivity, overpotential and impedance than the common La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 cathode. Pr0.55Sr0.4MnO3 had the best performance in the measured temperature range. X. Huang, L. Pei, Z. Liu, Z. Lu, Y. Sui, Z. Qian and W. Su: J. of Alloys & Compounds 345(1/2) 265–270 (28 October 2002).
The kinetics of methanol-steam reformation were studied in an idealized tube reactor and a non-ideal internal reforming fuel cell. Methanol conversion in the IRFC was significantly less than in an ideal plug flow reactor, but for higher current densities the IRFC requires less catalyst. S.R. Samms and R.F. Savinell: J. Power Sources 112(1) 13–29 (24 October 2002).
Granular aluminum AFC anode A granular aluminum anode was investigated for use in an alkaline Al/H2O2 fuel cell. The significantly higher surface area of granular anodes leads to higher anode material utilization. N.A. Popovich and R. Govind: J. Power Sources 112(1) 36–40 (24 October 2002).
Artificial neural network predicts SOFC performance Here an artificial neural network (ANN) is trained for SOFC performance evaluation with a reduced amount of data generated by a validated cell model. J. Arriagada, P. Olausson and A. Selimovic: J. Power Sources 112(1) 54–60 (24 October 2002).
Tubular flat-plate SOFCs by cofiring cathode substrate and electrolyte Tubular flat-plate SOFCs supported by cathodes with gas flow channels were fabricated by cofiring cathodes and electrolytes. The resistance corresponding to the reaction around the anode/ electrolyte interface TPBs increased as temperature decreased from 1000 to 800°C in the anode. H. Orui, K. Watanabe and M. Arakawa: J. Power Sources 112(1) 90–97 (24 October 2002).
Stabilized MCFC cathode by solimpregnation of LiCoO2 precursors
A stabilized NiO cathode was fabricated by solimpregnation of LiCoO2 precursors on the internal surface of a porous Ni cathode. The results strongly suggest that the LiCoO2 layers effectively suppress NiO dissolution. S.-G. Kim, S.P. Yoon, J. Han, S.W. Nam, T.-H. Lim, S.-A. Hong and H.C. Lim: J. Power Sources 112(1) 109–115 (24 October 2002).
CO2 separation from SOFCs
The most promising cycle configurations are compared based on high-efficiency integrated SOFC/gas turbine ‘hybrid’ cycles, where CO2 is separated with absorption systems or with a second SOFC module acting as an ‘afterburner’. S. Campanari: J. Power Sources 112(1) 273–289 (24 October 2002).
PEMFC current distribution by segmented cell approach A technique is developed to determine current density distribution in operating fuel cells using a segmented cell structure, for optimization of fuel cell performance. The volume of such a stack is much less than a state-of-the-art PEMFC stack. N. Rajalakshmi, M. Raja and K.S. Dhathathreyan: J. Power Sources 112(1) 331–336 (24 October 2002).
Pt alloy nanoparticle synthesis and DMFC catalytic activity A nanoparticle synthesis for naked PtRu, PtMo, PtW and PtNi alloys of average 1.7 nm is reported, for enhanced DMFC anode catalysts. S.-A. Lee, K.-W. Park, J.-H. Choi, B.-K. Kwon and Y.-E. Sung: J. Electrochem. Soc. 149(10) A1299–1304 (October 2002).
Oxygen reduction on Pt microelectrode with polymer electrolytes The oxygen reduction reaction on a Pt microelectrode with PEMs of various exchange capacities was investigated to obtain an improved PEMFC cathode. Permeabilities were found to increase with temperature and exchange capacity. S. Mitsushima, N. Araki, N. Kamiya and K.-I. Ota: J. Electrochem. Soc. 149(10) A1370–1375 (October 2002).
Low-leakage hybrid mica SOFC seals
Nanohybrid macromolecules for intermediate-temperature membrane
A novel hybrid compressive mica seal for SOFCs has been developed with a leak rate about 4300 times lower than simple mica seals at 800°C. The new seal comprises two compliant glass layers and a mica layer; muscovite single-crystal mica gave the best results.
A new class of amphiphilic organic/inorganic hybrid membranes for intermediate-temperature PEMFCs were synthesized through sol-gel processing of bridged polysilsesquioxanes. One membrane showed large proton conductivities up to 140°C, and was flexible and thermally stable.
April 2003
Pt–M PEMFC electrocatalysts synthesized by aqueous route Nanostructured Pt–M (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) alloy catalysts synthesized by a 70°C reduction procedure with sodium formate in aqueous medium were investigated as PEMFC cathodes. The catalysts had improved catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction compared to pure Pt. L. Xiong, A.M. Kannan and A. Manthiram: Electrochemistry Communications 4(11) 898–903 (November 2002).
Hybrid PV/fuel cell system design A hybrid photovoltaic/fuel cell system using an electrolyzer to generate hydrogen was designed and simulated. T.F. El-Shatter, M.N. Eskandar and M.T. ElHagry: Renewable Energy 27(3) 479–485 (November 2002).
LaCoO3 synthesis by polymerizable complex route A simple technique is reported for preparation of LaCoO3 powders for SOFC electrodes by the polymerizable complex (PC) method based on the Pechini-type reaction route. M. Popa and M. Kakihana: Solid State Ionics 151(1–4) 251–257 (November 2002).
Sintering characteristics of Li-doped LaCrO3 perovskites
Sintering characteristics and thermal expansion behavior of Li-doped lanthanum chromite perovskites (La1–xSrxCr1–yLiyO3) synthesized by the Pechini method were investigated. Li doping improved sintering characteristics, but the Pechini method did not bring much better sintering. E. Suda, B. Pacaud, T. Seguelong and Y. Takeda: Solid State Ionics 151(1–4) 335–341 (November 2002). Many of these papers can be obtained in full-text through ScienceDirect (www.sciencedirect.com). This facility is free to ScienceDirect subscribers, but a new pay-per-view, credit-card facility allows nonsubscribers to obtain full-text for just US$30 per article.
Fuel Cells Bulletin
13
Research Trends
Y.-S. Chou, J.W. Stevenson and L.A. Chick: J. Power Sources 112(1) 130–136 (24 October 2002).
I. Honma, H. Nakajima, O. Nishikawa, T. Sugimoto and S. Nomura: J. Electrochem. Soc. 149(10) A1389–1392 (October 2002).
Methanol-steam reformation in internal reforming fuel cell
Degradation of Al–Fe coatings in MCFC wet-seal
PrMnO3-based perovskite oxides for SOFC cathodes
Here the degradation behaviour of Al–Fe coatings was investigated in the MCFC wet-seal environment. The coating Al content should be >25 at% to form and maintain a protective LiAlO2 layer. J.H. Jun, J.H. Jun and K.Y. Kim: J. Power Sources 112(1) 153–161 (24 October 2002).
Pr1–xSrxMnO3 and Pr0.6–ySr0.4MnO3 were synthesized for SOFC cathodes. Pr0.6–ySr0.4MnO3 has better electrical conductivity, overpotential and impedance than the common La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 cathode. Pr0.55Sr0.4MnO3 had the best performance in the measured temperature range. X. Huang, L. Pei, Z. Liu, Z. Lu, Y. Sui, Z. Qian and W. Su: J. of Alloys & Compounds 345(1/2) 265–270 (28 October 2002).
The kinetics of methanol-steam reformation were studied in an idealized tube reactor and a non-ideal internal reforming fuel cell. Methanol conversion in the IRFC was significantly less than in an ideal plug flow reactor, but for higher current densities the IRFC requires less catalyst. S.R. Samms and R.F. Savinell: J. Power Sources 112(1) 13–29 (24 October 2002).
Granular aluminum AFC anode A granular aluminum anode was investigated for use in an alkaline Al/H2O2 fuel cell. The significantly higher surface area of granular anodes leads to higher anode material utilization. N.A. Popovich and R. Govind: J. Power Sources 112(1) 36–40 (24 October 2002).
Artificial neural network predicts SOFC performance Here an artificial neural network (ANN) is trained for SOFC performance evaluation with a reduced amount of data generated by a validated cell model. J. Arriagada, P. Olausson and A. Selimovic: J. Power Sources 112(1) 54–60 (24 October 2002).
Tubular flat-plate SOFCs by cofiring cathode substrate and electrolyte Tubular flat-plate SOFCs supported by cathodes with gas flow channels were fabricated by cofiring cathodes and electrolytes. The resistance corresponding to the reaction around the anode/ electrolyte interface TPBs increased as temperature decreased from 1000 to 800°C in the anode. H. Orui, K. Watanabe and M. Arakawa: J. Power Sources 112(1) 90–97 (24 October 2002).
Stabilized MCFC cathode by solimpregnation of LiCoO2 precursors
A stabilized NiO cathode was fabricated by solimpregnation of LiCoO2 precursors on the internal surface of a porous Ni cathode. The results strongly suggest that the LiCoO2 layers effectively suppress NiO dissolution. S.-G. Kim, S.P. Yoon, J. Han, S.W. Nam, T.-H. Lim, S.-A. Hong and H.C. Lim: J. Power Sources 112(1) 109–115 (24 October 2002).
CO2 separation from SOFCs
The most promising cycle configurations are compared based on high-efficiency integrated SOFC/gas turbine ‘hybrid’ cycles, where CO2 is separated with absorption systems or with a second SOFC module acting as an ‘afterburner’. S. Campanari: J. Power Sources 112(1) 273–289 (24 October 2002).
PEMFC current distribution by segmented cell approach A technique is developed to determine current density distribution in operating fuel cells using a segmented cell structure, for optimization of fuel cell performance. The volume of such a stack is much less than a state-of-the-art PEMFC stack. N. Rajalakshmi, M. Raja and K.S. Dhathathreyan: J. Power Sources 112(1) 331–336 (24 October 2002).
Pt alloy nanoparticle synthesis and DMFC catalytic activity A nanoparticle synthesis for naked PtRu, PtMo, PtW and PtNi alloys of average 1.7 nm is reported, for enhanced DMFC anode catalysts. S.-A. Lee, K.-W. Park, J.-H. Choi, B.-K. Kwon and Y.-E. Sung: J. Electrochem. Soc. 149(10) A1299–1304 (October 2002).
Oxygen reduction on Pt microelectrode with polymer electrolytes The oxygen reduction reaction on a Pt microelectrode with PEMs of various exchange capacities was investigated to obtain an improved PEMFC cathode. Permeabilities were found to increase with temperature and exchange capacity. S. Mitsushima, N. Araki, N. Kamiya and K.-I. Ota: J. Electrochem. Soc. 149(10) A1370–1375 (October 2002).
Low-leakage hybrid mica SOFC seals
Nanohybrid macromolecules for intermediate-temperature membrane
A novel hybrid compressive mica seal for SOFCs has been developed with a leak rate about 4300 times lower than simple mica seals at 800°C. The new seal comprises two compliant glass layers and a mica layer; muscovite single-crystal mica gave the best results.
A new class of amphiphilic organic/inorganic hybrid membranes for intermediate-temperature PEMFCs were synthesized through sol-gel processing of bridged polysilsesquioxanes. One membrane showed large proton conductivities up to 140°C, and was flexible and thermally stable.
April 2003
Pt–M PEMFC electrocatalysts synthesized by aqueous route Nanostructured Pt–M (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) alloy catalysts synthesized by a 70°C reduction procedure with sodium formate in aqueous medium were investigated as PEMFC cathodes. The catalysts had improved catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction compared to pure Pt. L. Xiong, A.M. Kannan and A. Manthiram: Electrochemistry Communications 4(11) 898–903 (November 2002).
Hybrid PV/fuel cell system design A hybrid photovoltaic/fuel cell system using an electrolyzer to generate hydrogen was designed and simulated. T.F. El-Shatter, M.N. Eskandar and M.T. ElHagry: Renewable Energy 27(3) 479–485 (November 2002).
LaCoO3 synthesis by polymerizable complex route A simple technique is reported for preparation of LaCoO3 powders for SOFC electrodes by the polymerizable complex (PC) method based on the Pechini-type reaction route. M. Popa and M. Kakihana: Solid State Ionics 151(1–4) 251–257 (November 2002).
Sintering characteristics of Li-doped LaCrO3 perovskites
Sintering characteristics and thermal expansion behavior of Li-doped lanthanum chromite perovskites (La1–xSrxCr1–yLiyO3) synthesized by the Pechini method were investigated. Li doping improved sintering characteristics, but the Pechini method did not bring much better sintering. E. Suda, B. Pacaud, T. Seguelong and Y. Takeda: Solid State Ionics 151(1–4) 335–341 (November 2002). Many of these papers can be obtained in full-text through ScienceDirect (www.sciencedirect.com). This facility is free to ScienceDirect subscribers, but a new pay-per-view, credit-card facility allows nonsubscribers to obtain full-text for just US$30 per article.
Fuel Cells Bulletin
13