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Asperger syndrome and schizoid personality from the viewpoint of phenomenology and humanics – through a case of Asperger syndrome
S300
IACAPAP 2012 – 20th World congress / Neuropsychiatrie de l’enfance et de l’adolescence 60S (2012) S254–S309
We-P-3217
Asperger syndrome and schizoid personality from the viewpoint of phenomenology and humanics – through a case of Asperger syndrome
S. Kato , K. Inoue ∗ Psychiatry, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan ∗ Corresponding author.
The viewpoint of phenomenology and humanics is rarely considered in today’s concept of Asperger syndrome (AS). This has already been indicated by our copresenter Kato. According to L. Wing, who introduced the currently accepted concept of AS in 1981, symptoms in AS patients observed when their personality is matured are the same as those observed in “schizoid personality in childhood” (concept introduced by S. Wolf in 1979), which is based on the “schizoid” concept introduced by E. Kretschmer in 1921, and those observed in “autistic psychopathy” (introduced by H. Asperger in 1941). In addition, it is important to note that H. Asperger’s concept is based on phenomenology and humanics and is similar to E. Kretschmer’s concept, which makes it possible to understand the rich humanity of AS patients. Thus, the concept of AS can be explained by phenomenology and humanics. However, to the best of my knowledge, this has not been reported through an actual case. Therefore, I would like to consider the importance of the viewpoint of phenomenology and humanics in terms of H. Asperger’s and E. Kretschmer’s concepts. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.863
We note 126 pre-adolescents with learning disabilities (LDP; 85 males, 41 females; mean age = 12.9, sd = 10.19 months) and 82 controls without learning or psychological disorders (47 males, 35 females; mean age = 12.10, sd = 12.33 months) were administered with: an Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children, to evaluate emotion regulation; an Youth Self-Report 11-18 (YSR), to self-assess social abilities and to investigate the prevalence of psychological and behavioural problems. LDP showed significantly higher difficulties in emotion regulation (P = .05). Moreover, LDP showed significantly higher scores in the Attention Problems Scale (P = .00) and lower scores in the Conduct Problems Scale of the YSR (P = .04). The minor incidence of aggressive behaviours can be explained with the proneness to internalization of LDP: according with previous evidences, LDP scored significantly higher in the Internalizing scales in comparison with controls (P < .05) In conclusion, LDP showed: attention problems, impairment in emotion regulation, proneness to internalization. The relationship between these disorders will be discussed. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.865 We-P-3220
Effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy for children and adolescents with externalising disorders – First results of a naturalistic trial K. Weitkamp a,∗ , J. Daniels b , S. Rosenthal a , G. Romer a , S. Wiegand-Grefe a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medcial Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany b Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany ∗ Corresponding author.
a
We-P-3218
Social comparison, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in Singaporean school children J. Chua Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore This study investigated the social comparison patterns of children, their perceptions of parent and teacher comparisons, and their associated or predictive effects on psychological distress as measured by depressive and anxiety symptoms. The research also incorporated an Asian manifestation of depression in children, by considering culturally salient syndromes that involved concerns over self-other relationships. Participants were 283 Singaporean school-going children in Primary 5 (aged between 10 to 12) who completed measures of social comparison, depression, anxiety, perfectionism, response style, and fear of negative evaluation at two time periods. A model for the development of depression and anxiety was evaluated via path analysis, and was found to be a good fit with the data collected. The results indicated that discipline, a personal virtue, was ranked as the most important personal attribute in Singaporean school children. This was followed by intelligence, and leadership ability. Secondly, children who perceive themselves to be inferior to others experience higher levels of depression but not anxiety. Lastly, the frequency of social comparisons made by children was associated with higher levels of anxiety but not depression. The study contributes to the aetiology of depression and anxiety in Asian children by providing possible targets for invention in psychological therapy. It also provides a means of identifying children who may be at risk of developing psychological distress. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.864 We-P-3219
Psychological, social and behavioral characteristics of pre-adolescents affected by learning disability: A comparison with a non-clinical population M. Vigliante a,∗ , A. Marconi a , S. Del Signore a , M. Di Trani b , F. Capozzi a Department of Pediatrics and Neuropsichiatry of Child and Adolescent, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy b Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Aim.– This waitlist-controlled field study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy for adolescents employing a prospective design. Methods.– We note that 58 children and adolescents (aged 4 to 19) who entered psychodynamic therapy in private practices in northern Germany participated in this ongoing study. Data is being collected from therapists, parents, and from the patients themselves at the beginning and the end of treatment, as well as up to 5 points in time during therapy. Follow-up takes place 6 and 12 months after therapy. Outcome measures are impairment, externalising symptoms, and quality of life. Results.– There was a significant reduction in externalising symptoms in the treatment group and a significant improvement in impairment and quality of life. The minimally treated wait-list control group displayed a slight but not significant symptom improvement. Discussion.– The results substantiate that psychodynamic therapy is successful in alleviating impairment and externalising behaviours for children and adolescents. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.866 We-P-3221
Parent-infant co-therapy: A recommended setting for high-risk dyads J. Wendland a,∗ , F. Couetoux a , L. Camon-Sénéchal b , L. Kuhn-Franck a , C. Dubois a , N. Didane c , C. Ollivier c , E. Aidane b , D. Cohen d , D. Rabain b a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpetrière Hospital, Paris, France b Service de psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France c Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, University Paris-Descartes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France d Laboratoire CNRS UMR 7222 « Institut des systèmes intelligents et robotiques », université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, AP–HP, GH Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France ∗ Corresponding author. Over the past two decades, parent-infant psychotherapy techniques have been improved and adjusted to complex clinical situations which do not fit to the classical joint and brief therapy setting. This is particularly the case: when we are working with multi-risk families; one or both parents are diagnosed with severe mental health disorders; or parental psychopathology coexists with infant
IACAPAP 2012 – 20th World congress / Neuropsychiatrie de l’enfance et de l’adolescence 60S (2012) S254–S309
We-P-3217
Asperger syndrome and schizoid personality from the viewpoint of phenomenology and humanics – through a case of Asperger syndrome
S. Kato , K. Inoue ∗ Psychiatry, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan ∗ Corresponding author.
The viewpoint of phenomenology and humanics is rarely considered in today’s concept of Asperger syndrome (AS). This has already been indicated by our copresenter Kato. According to L. Wing, who introduced the currently accepted concept of AS in 1981, symptoms in AS patients observed when their personality is matured are the same as those observed in “schizoid personality in childhood” (concept introduced by S. Wolf in 1979), which is based on the “schizoid” concept introduced by E. Kretschmer in 1921, and those observed in “autistic psychopathy” (introduced by H. Asperger in 1941). In addition, it is important to note that H. Asperger’s concept is based on phenomenology and humanics and is similar to E. Kretschmer’s concept, which makes it possible to understand the rich humanity of AS patients. Thus, the concept of AS can be explained by phenomenology and humanics. However, to the best of my knowledge, this has not been reported through an actual case. Therefore, I would like to consider the importance of the viewpoint of phenomenology and humanics in terms of H. Asperger’s and E. Kretschmer’s concepts. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.863
We note 126 pre-adolescents with learning disabilities (LDP; 85 males, 41 females; mean age = 12.9, sd = 10.19 months) and 82 controls without learning or psychological disorders (47 males, 35 females; mean age = 12.10, sd = 12.33 months) were administered with: an Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children, to evaluate emotion regulation; an Youth Self-Report 11-18 (YSR), to self-assess social abilities and to investigate the prevalence of psychological and behavioural problems. LDP showed significantly higher difficulties in emotion regulation (P = .05). Moreover, LDP showed significantly higher scores in the Attention Problems Scale (P = .00) and lower scores in the Conduct Problems Scale of the YSR (P = .04). The minor incidence of aggressive behaviours can be explained with the proneness to internalization of LDP: according with previous evidences, LDP scored significantly higher in the Internalizing scales in comparison with controls (P < .05) In conclusion, LDP showed: attention problems, impairment in emotion regulation, proneness to internalization. The relationship between these disorders will be discussed. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.865 We-P-3220
Effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy for children and adolescents with externalising disorders – First results of a naturalistic trial K. Weitkamp a,∗ , J. Daniels b , S. Rosenthal a , G. Romer a , S. Wiegand-Grefe a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medcial Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany b Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany ∗ Corresponding author.
a
We-P-3218
Social comparison, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in Singaporean school children J. Chua Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore This study investigated the social comparison patterns of children, their perceptions of parent and teacher comparisons, and their associated or predictive effects on psychological distress as measured by depressive and anxiety symptoms. The research also incorporated an Asian manifestation of depression in children, by considering culturally salient syndromes that involved concerns over self-other relationships. Participants were 283 Singaporean school-going children in Primary 5 (aged between 10 to 12) who completed measures of social comparison, depression, anxiety, perfectionism, response style, and fear of negative evaluation at two time periods. A model for the development of depression and anxiety was evaluated via path analysis, and was found to be a good fit with the data collected. The results indicated that discipline, a personal virtue, was ranked as the most important personal attribute in Singaporean school children. This was followed by intelligence, and leadership ability. Secondly, children who perceive themselves to be inferior to others experience higher levels of depression but not anxiety. Lastly, the frequency of social comparisons made by children was associated with higher levels of anxiety but not depression. The study contributes to the aetiology of depression and anxiety in Asian children by providing possible targets for invention in psychological therapy. It also provides a means of identifying children who may be at risk of developing psychological distress. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.864 We-P-3219
Psychological, social and behavioral characteristics of pre-adolescents affected by learning disability: A comparison with a non-clinical population M. Vigliante a,∗ , A. Marconi a , S. Del Signore a , M. Di Trani b , F. Capozzi a Department of Pediatrics and Neuropsichiatry of Child and Adolescent, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy b Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy ∗ Corresponding author.
a
Aim.– This waitlist-controlled field study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy for adolescents employing a prospective design. Methods.– We note that 58 children and adolescents (aged 4 to 19) who entered psychodynamic therapy in private practices in northern Germany participated in this ongoing study. Data is being collected from therapists, parents, and from the patients themselves at the beginning and the end of treatment, as well as up to 5 points in time during therapy. Follow-up takes place 6 and 12 months after therapy. Outcome measures are impairment, externalising symptoms, and quality of life. Results.– There was a significant reduction in externalising symptoms in the treatment group and a significant improvement in impairment and quality of life. The minimally treated wait-list control group displayed a slight but not significant symptom improvement. Discussion.– The results substantiate that psychodynamic therapy is successful in alleviating impairment and externalising behaviours for children and adolescents. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.866 We-P-3221
Parent-infant co-therapy: A recommended setting for high-risk dyads J. Wendland a,∗ , F. Couetoux a , L. Camon-Sénéchal b , L. Kuhn-Franck a , C. Dubois a , N. Didane c , C. Ollivier c , E. Aidane b , D. Cohen d , D. Rabain b a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Pitié-Salpetrière Hospital, Paris, France b Service de psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France c Laboratoire de psychopathologie et processus de santé, University Paris-Descartes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France d Laboratoire CNRS UMR 7222 « Institut des systèmes intelligents et robotiques », université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, AP–HP, GH Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France ∗ Corresponding author. Over the past two decades, parent-infant psychotherapy techniques have been improved and adjusted to complex clinical situations which do not fit to the classical joint and brief therapy setting. This is particularly the case: when we are working with multi-risk families; one or both parents are diagnosed with severe mental health disorders; or parental psychopathology coexists with infant