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Associations between ANS and HPA-axis responsiveness to stress in adolescence
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Abstracts / International Journal of Psychophysiology 77 (2010) 239–287
variables remained unchanged at peak exercise compared to resting and recovery values in both groups. Furthermore, sBP and dBP were significantly increased in group B compared to A at rest by 6% (p < 0.01) and 21.5% (p < 0.05), at peak of exercise by 14.1% (p < 0.01) and 23.1% (p < 0.02) and at recovery phase by 8.7% (p < 0.01) and 23.4% (p < 0.02), respectively. Moreover, HR was lower in group A by 31.6% (p < 0.01) at rest and by 30.6% (p < 0.01) at recovery phase compared with group B. Statistical analysis showed no correlation among hemodynamic responses and pupillary variables for both groups. Our results indicate that systematic dynamic training affects the autonomic regulation of pupillary light reflex, regardless hemodynamic responses to maximum exercise. Fotiou D, Brozou K, Haidich A.B. et al. 2007. Pupil reaction to light in Alzheimer's disease: evaluation of pupil light changes and mobility. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 19(5).
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.148
Optimization of psychological tension assessment method to individuals using heart rate variability Kohzoh Yoshino, Katsunori Matsuoka National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka, Japan It is important for psychosomatic health approaches to develop a technique to assess psychological tension (nervousness) in daily life. Psychological tension affects the activity balance of the autonomic nervous system, thereby affecting the fluctuation pattern of heart rate variability. In daily life, activity balance of the autonomic nervous system varies by diverse factors other than psychological state, such as physical activities, diet, circadian rhythm, etc. For this reason, it is known that the interrelationship between psychological tension and the heart rate variability pattern in daily life is not so simple; rather, there is wide inter-individual variability. In this study, the author proposed a psychological tension assessment method that is optimized to every individual based on the heart rate variability data that are measured over a long period (2 months) of daily life to eliminate the influence of the interindividual variability. Nine normal subjects (4 males and 5 females) participated in the experiment. All subjects provided their informed written consent as approved by the Ethical Committee on Human Research at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Every subject lived his/her daily life for 2 months while always wearing a device that measured heart rate variability and body accelerations, including sleep, except when taking a bath or shower. Every subject reported the level of 8 types of moods, including tension, on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at a rate of once an hour while awake. Various heart rate variability indices (HR, RMSSD, HFnu, etc.) were calculated with the heart rate data at 512 s prior to the time of every report. To eliminate the influence of physical activities, data to be analyzed were limited to those with body accelerations of 30 mG and under. Further, to eliminate the influence of circadian rhythm, the differences from the reference values in the same time zone were calculated with both the mood score and heart rate variability index values. Then, the scores for principal components of the heart rate variability index values were calculated and the multiple linear regression model that estimates tension from the scores for principal components of the heart rate variability index values were constructed, all with every individual. The data were divided into data-for-learning and data-not-for-learning, according to 5-fold
cross validation method. Multiple linear regression coefficients were determined using data-for-learning, and with the optimized model, its generalization capability was checked using data-notfor-learning. As a result, subjects average was r = 0.51 with datafor-learning and r = 0.42 with data-not-for-learning. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.149
Associations between ANS and HPA-axis responsiveness to stress in adolescence Victor Kallen, Jacqueline Stam, Johannes van Pelt, Michiel Westenberg Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Unit Developmental and Educational, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Chemistry, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands Introduction: Recently diverse neurobiological models have been pointing in the same direction: due to central coordination, primarily by the amygdala, autonomic and endocrine responses to stress are likely to be interdependent. Consequently, specific patterns of autonomic and endocrine responsiveness may be more indicative for the (dys)ability to adequately cope with stress than evaluating both systems independently. According to the proposed models especially the link between Heart-Rate-Variability (HRV: as index of physiological flexibility) and cortisol responses (reflecting endocrine reactivity) might be fundamental for stress-resilience and its relation with anxiety. Method: This hypothesis was tested in 198 adolescents. HRV and skin-conductance-levels (SCL) were measured while performing a public speaking task. These autonomic parameters were associated with the cortisol response, in the complete sample as well as in low and high anxious groups defined using the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A). Results: Overall low HRV and relatively little post-task SCL recovery were related to the cortisol response. However, the latter relation appeared to be typical for high anxious adolescents. In all findings age was a prominent factor, suggesting the found phenomena might be subject to development. Conclusions: These findings support the previously published models and additionally provide evidence that (1) the neurobiological systems involved are still developing through adolescence and (2) this development may be mediated by trait anxiety. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.150
Relations between endogenous state of physiological system and conscious perception S.A. Polevayaa, A.V. Kovalshukb, S.B. Parinc, V.G. Yakhnob Department of the Neurobiology and Information Technology of State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia b Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia c State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia a
A variety of responses to the same signal as effect of dynamical dependency of neuronal and cognitive representation is well known. Our aim was to develop theoretical and experimental approaches for behavioral measures of a particular result of conscious perception which is a subjective image. We consider psychophysical tools for measurements of thresholds of different sensory channels, functional models of neuron-like systems for simulation of the perception, and
Abstracts / International Journal of Psychophysiology 77 (2010) 239–287
variables remained unchanged at peak exercise compared to resting and recovery values in both groups. Furthermore, sBP and dBP were significantly increased in group B compared to A at rest by 6% (p < 0.01) and 21.5% (p < 0.05), at peak of exercise by 14.1% (p < 0.01) and 23.1% (p < 0.02) and at recovery phase by 8.7% (p < 0.01) and 23.4% (p < 0.02), respectively. Moreover, HR was lower in group A by 31.6% (p < 0.01) at rest and by 30.6% (p < 0.01) at recovery phase compared with group B. Statistical analysis showed no correlation among hemodynamic responses and pupillary variables for both groups. Our results indicate that systematic dynamic training affects the autonomic regulation of pupillary light reflex, regardless hemodynamic responses to maximum exercise. Fotiou D, Brozou K, Haidich A.B. et al. 2007. Pupil reaction to light in Alzheimer's disease: evaluation of pupil light changes and mobility. Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 19(5).
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.148
Optimization of psychological tension assessment method to individuals using heart rate variability Kohzoh Yoshino, Katsunori Matsuoka National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka, Japan It is important for psychosomatic health approaches to develop a technique to assess psychological tension (nervousness) in daily life. Psychological tension affects the activity balance of the autonomic nervous system, thereby affecting the fluctuation pattern of heart rate variability. In daily life, activity balance of the autonomic nervous system varies by diverse factors other than psychological state, such as physical activities, diet, circadian rhythm, etc. For this reason, it is known that the interrelationship between psychological tension and the heart rate variability pattern in daily life is not so simple; rather, there is wide inter-individual variability. In this study, the author proposed a psychological tension assessment method that is optimized to every individual based on the heart rate variability data that are measured over a long period (2 months) of daily life to eliminate the influence of the interindividual variability. Nine normal subjects (4 males and 5 females) participated in the experiment. All subjects provided their informed written consent as approved by the Ethical Committee on Human Research at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Every subject lived his/her daily life for 2 months while always wearing a device that measured heart rate variability and body accelerations, including sleep, except when taking a bath or shower. Every subject reported the level of 8 types of moods, including tension, on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at a rate of once an hour while awake. Various heart rate variability indices (HR, RMSSD, HFnu, etc.) were calculated with the heart rate data at 512 s prior to the time of every report. To eliminate the influence of physical activities, data to be analyzed were limited to those with body accelerations of 30 mG and under. Further, to eliminate the influence of circadian rhythm, the differences from the reference values in the same time zone were calculated with both the mood score and heart rate variability index values. Then, the scores for principal components of the heart rate variability index values were calculated and the multiple linear regression model that estimates tension from the scores for principal components of the heart rate variability index values were constructed, all with every individual. The data were divided into data-for-learning and data-not-for-learning, according to 5-fold
cross validation method. Multiple linear regression coefficients were determined using data-for-learning, and with the optimized model, its generalization capability was checked using data-notfor-learning. As a result, subjects average was r = 0.51 with datafor-learning and r = 0.42 with data-not-for-learning. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.149
Associations between ANS and HPA-axis responsiveness to stress in adolescence Victor Kallen, Jacqueline Stam, Johannes van Pelt, Michiel Westenberg Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Unit Developmental and Educational, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Chemistry, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands Introduction: Recently diverse neurobiological models have been pointing in the same direction: due to central coordination, primarily by the amygdala, autonomic and endocrine responses to stress are likely to be interdependent. Consequently, specific patterns of autonomic and endocrine responsiveness may be more indicative for the (dys)ability to adequately cope with stress than evaluating both systems independently. According to the proposed models especially the link between Heart-Rate-Variability (HRV: as index of physiological flexibility) and cortisol responses (reflecting endocrine reactivity) might be fundamental for stress-resilience and its relation with anxiety. Method: This hypothesis was tested in 198 adolescents. HRV and skin-conductance-levels (SCL) were measured while performing a public speaking task. These autonomic parameters were associated with the cortisol response, in the complete sample as well as in low and high anxious groups defined using the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A). Results: Overall low HRV and relatively little post-task SCL recovery were related to the cortisol response. However, the latter relation appeared to be typical for high anxious adolescents. In all findings age was a prominent factor, suggesting the found phenomena might be subject to development. Conclusions: These findings support the previously published models and additionally provide evidence that (1) the neurobiological systems involved are still developing through adolescence and (2) this development may be mediated by trait anxiety. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.150
Relations between endogenous state of physiological system and conscious perception S.A. Polevayaa, A.V. Kovalshukb, S.B. Parinc, V.G. Yakhnob Department of the Neurobiology and Information Technology of State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia b Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia c State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia a
A variety of responses to the same signal as effect of dynamical dependency of neuronal and cognitive representation is well known. Our aim was to develop theoretical and experimental approaches for behavioral measures of a particular result of conscious perception which is a subjective image. We consider psychophysical tools for measurements of thresholds of different sensory channels, functional models of neuron-like systems for simulation of the perception, and