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Atomnaya energiya contents and abstracts of vol. 18, no. 1
Journal of
NuclearEnergyParts
A/B, 1965, Vol.
19, pp.
ATOMNA CONTENTS
407 to 40s.
PrrgamonPressLtd. Printedin NorthernIreland
YA ENERGIYA
AND ABSTRACTS
OF VOL. 18, NO. I*
ARTICLES K. BEREZINet al: High-Frequency Oscillations Produced by Interaction Between an Electron Beam and a Plasma . . . . . . . . V. I. VEKSLERet al: Interaction Between Plasma Bunches and an Electromagnetic Wave 1. P. KARABEKOV: Derivation of the Perturbations in the Parameters of the Magnetic and Accelerating Systems of an Electron Synchrotron from Analysis of Information on the Beam E. A. ZHILKOVand A. N. LEBEDEV: Phase Stability of the Particle System in an Accelerator with Automatic Control . , . . I. A. GRISHAEV et al: Use of the Equilibrium Belen’kii-Tamm Photon Spectrum to Measure the Yield of Photoneutrons from Heavy Water and Copper Targets and Derivation of the (y, n) Excitation Function for ‘“0 and 63Cu . . . , . . S. S. LOMAKINand Yu. A. NECHAEV: Transients and Reactivity Measurement for a Reactor Containing Beryllium . . . Yu. V. GAGARINSKIIet al: The Hydrated Compound UF, .b/3 H,O : : : : : YA. D. ZEL’VENSKIIet al: Relative Fugacity of Solutions of HTO in H,O . F. A. MAKHLIS and I. M. KOLPAKOV: Determination of Absorbed Doses in Neutron and . . . . . . . . Gamma Ray Irradiation of Polymers S. V. GRIGORYAN: Location of Concealed Uranimn Ores at Greater Depths by Reference to Primary Uranium Aureoles . . . . .
A.
LETTERS
5 14 18 22
28 33 40 46 48 52
TO THE EDITOR
E. A. ZHILKOV: Phase Stability of a Particle Bunch in an Accelerator with Automatic Control S. A. KHEIFETSand S. K. ESIN: A Simple Method of Measuring the Frequency of the Free Transverse Oscillations in a Synchrotron . . Heights and for the Breit-Wigner G. N. POTETYUNKO: Nomograms for Potential-Barrier Formula . . . . . V. G. MOROZOVand S. A. KHOLIN: A Very Simple Non-stationary Kinetic Equation G. A. PETROV et al: Angular Distribution of the Gamma-Rays in the Thermal Neutron Fission of 233U, 235U and 239Pu . . . . L. N. YUROVAand A. V. BUSHLJEV:Absolute Abundance of the 74 keV Line of ?%l and of the 87 keV Line of 233Th . . S. P. BELOVet al: Spatial Distributions of Neutrons of Energies 3 and 15 MeV in Beryllium B. F. GROMOVef al: Reduction of the Capture Gamma-Rays from Reactor Constructional Materials by the use of Boron-Loaded Shields . . . . . . K. K. POPKOVand S. M. RUBANOV: Relation of Density of Radiation Damage in the Body of a Reactor to the Composition of the Iron-Water Thermal Shield . . E. A. MARKovsKrr and M. M. KRASNOSHCHEKOV: Anti-friction Characteristics of NeutronIrradiated Steel . . . . . . . . . . V. M. MALYKHIN: Mode of Measurement of Radioactive Preparations and Checking of Stability . . . . L. G. GURVICHand N. S. BESPALOVA:Role of Thermal Peaks in the Formation of Defects . News of Science and Technology Bibliography . . ABSTRACTS
58 60
61 62 64 65 67 69 70 72 73 76 86
OF PAPERS
A. K. BEREZIN et al:
Results are given on the oscillations under conditions such that w0 < wH, in which w,, is the Langmuir frequency for the electrons in the plasma and wg is the electron cyclotron frequency. The excitation conditions have been deduced, together with frequency spectra, phase velocities, gain coefficients, electric field strength and spectral distribution of the power. The results on the frequencies, gain and phase velocities are in satisfactory agreement with calculations. * Relevant papers and letters from this issue will be published in the Jorrvnnl of Nuclear Eneqy (Parts A/B) or in Plasma Physics (J. Nucl. Ener;yy Part C). 407
408
Abstracts and titles Atomnaya Energiya
V. I. VEKSLERet al: Preliminary results are given on the acceleration of a plasma in a circular waveguide in the IO-cm range with H,, and H 11 waves and various plasma injectors; the bunches had initial particle concentrations of 1012/cm3 or above and were injected at an initial speed of 5 x lo6 cm/set from a spark source or were produced directly at the axis of the guide by means of a plasma source having a pressure differential, the working pressure in the accelerator being 0.1-l rnp Hg. Examination methods included electric probes, VHF and electrostatic analysis of the particle energies. The plasma was retained by external magnetic fields of various shapes. Ions of energy over 10 keV were obtained. I. P. KARABEKOVer al: A method is given for collecting and processing information on the position of the centre of gravity of the beam in the vacuum chamber; this can be used to determine the deviations in some of the basic parameters of the accelerator. E. A. ZHILKOVand A. N. LEBEDEV: A cyclic accelerator with automatic correction of the frequency with respect to the beam is considered by the kinetic-equation method for the non-linear synchrotron oscillations for arbitrary characteristics in the automatic system. Some general stability criteria are derived. I. A. GRISHAEVet al: Measurements are reported for specimens of nearly infinite thickness exposed to electrons of energies up to 66 MeV; the results are used to calculate the excitation functions and the results are compared with earlier ones from thin specimens exposed to hard X-rays. S. S. LOMAKINand Yu. A. NECHAEV: The reactions gBe(n, 2n)8Be and 8Be(y, n)RBe are discussed in relation to transients for a reactor with a beryllium core; the deviation of the reactor period from asymptotic has been calculated and measured, and an experimental estimate has been made of the elhciency of the delayed neutrons and photoneutrons. The reactivity of a reactor containing photoneutrons has been measured by an integral method. Yu. V. GAGARINSKIIet al: NMR, DTA, IR spectroscopy, refractometry, and X-radiography have been applied to this hydrate and its dehydration products; the compound is found to be a previously unknown hydrate of UF, of monoclinic symmetry. The water is hydrogen-bonded to the fluorine; the water molecules may be divided into three groups with respect to bond strength, which correspond to three peaks in the valence and deformation vibrations for the O-H bond. Dehydration occurs in two stages, the symmetry of the initial compound being retained at least down to UF, . H,O. Dehydration to 0.5 H,O causes a phase transition accompanied by a change of structure; the resulting lattice is very similar to that of the cubic hydrate. YA. D. ZEL’VENSKIIet a/: used to find the separation = 3%80t - 0.0935. The of the vapour pressure of
Simple distillation and the application of Rayleigh’s equation have been coefficient for a-solutions of HTO in H,O at 38-100°C; the results fit log CL present results are close to those computed from previous measurements T,O [see Atomnaya Energiya 8, (5) 420 (196O)I.
F. A. MAKHLISand I. M. KOLPAKOV: Methods and results are given for the calculation of absorbed doses in the neutron and y-irradiation of certain polymers on the basis of the known composition of the material and the radiation energy. S. V. GRIGORYAN:The aureoles around a hydrothermal deposit have been used to show that rational analysis for uranium (determination of mobile U in samples) gives a better indication of the primary aureoles and so increases the depth at which concealed deposits can be detected in this way. The method is shown to be more effective for elements whose aureoles are small and weak for a variety of reasons (high background content in the country rocks, low content in ore, and so on). Note: A translation of any article not subsequently published can be obtained by addressing enquiries to the Custom Translation Service, Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford, or Pergamon Press Inc., 122 East 55th Street, New York 22, N. Y.
NuclearEnergyParts
A/B, 1965, Vol.
19, pp.
ATOMNA CONTENTS
407 to 40s.
PrrgamonPressLtd. Printedin NorthernIreland
YA ENERGIYA
AND ABSTRACTS
OF VOL. 18, NO. I*
ARTICLES K. BEREZINet al: High-Frequency Oscillations Produced by Interaction Between an Electron Beam and a Plasma . . . . . . . . V. I. VEKSLERet al: Interaction Between Plasma Bunches and an Electromagnetic Wave 1. P. KARABEKOV: Derivation of the Perturbations in the Parameters of the Magnetic and Accelerating Systems of an Electron Synchrotron from Analysis of Information on the Beam E. A. ZHILKOVand A. N. LEBEDEV: Phase Stability of the Particle System in an Accelerator with Automatic Control . , . . I. A. GRISHAEV et al: Use of the Equilibrium Belen’kii-Tamm Photon Spectrum to Measure the Yield of Photoneutrons from Heavy Water and Copper Targets and Derivation of the (y, n) Excitation Function for ‘“0 and 63Cu . . . , . . S. S. LOMAKINand Yu. A. NECHAEV: Transients and Reactivity Measurement for a Reactor Containing Beryllium . . . Yu. V. GAGARINSKIIet al: The Hydrated Compound UF, .b/3 H,O : : : : : YA. D. ZEL’VENSKIIet al: Relative Fugacity of Solutions of HTO in H,O . F. A. MAKHLIS and I. M. KOLPAKOV: Determination of Absorbed Doses in Neutron and . . . . . . . . Gamma Ray Irradiation of Polymers S. V. GRIGORYAN: Location of Concealed Uranimn Ores at Greater Depths by Reference to Primary Uranium Aureoles . . . . .
A.
LETTERS
5 14 18 22
28 33 40 46 48 52
TO THE EDITOR
E. A. ZHILKOV: Phase Stability of a Particle Bunch in an Accelerator with Automatic Control S. A. KHEIFETSand S. K. ESIN: A Simple Method of Measuring the Frequency of the Free Transverse Oscillations in a Synchrotron . . Heights and for the Breit-Wigner G. N. POTETYUNKO: Nomograms for Potential-Barrier Formula . . . . . V. G. MOROZOVand S. A. KHOLIN: A Very Simple Non-stationary Kinetic Equation G. A. PETROV et al: Angular Distribution of the Gamma-Rays in the Thermal Neutron Fission of 233U, 235U and 239Pu . . . . L. N. YUROVAand A. V. BUSHLJEV:Absolute Abundance of the 74 keV Line of ?%l and of the 87 keV Line of 233Th . . S. P. BELOVet al: Spatial Distributions of Neutrons of Energies 3 and 15 MeV in Beryllium B. F. GROMOVef al: Reduction of the Capture Gamma-Rays from Reactor Constructional Materials by the use of Boron-Loaded Shields . . . . . . K. K. POPKOVand S. M. RUBANOV: Relation of Density of Radiation Damage in the Body of a Reactor to the Composition of the Iron-Water Thermal Shield . . E. A. MARKovsKrr and M. M. KRASNOSHCHEKOV: Anti-friction Characteristics of NeutronIrradiated Steel . . . . . . . . . . V. M. MALYKHIN: Mode of Measurement of Radioactive Preparations and Checking of Stability . . . . L. G. GURVICHand N. S. BESPALOVA:Role of Thermal Peaks in the Formation of Defects . News of Science and Technology Bibliography . . ABSTRACTS
58 60
61 62 64 65 67 69 70 72 73 76 86
OF PAPERS
A. K. BEREZIN et al:
Results are given on the oscillations under conditions such that w0 < wH, in which w,, is the Langmuir frequency for the electrons in the plasma and wg is the electron cyclotron frequency. The excitation conditions have been deduced, together with frequency spectra, phase velocities, gain coefficients, electric field strength and spectral distribution of the power. The results on the frequencies, gain and phase velocities are in satisfactory agreement with calculations. * Relevant papers and letters from this issue will be published in the Jorrvnnl of Nuclear Eneqy (Parts A/B) or in Plasma Physics (J. Nucl. Ener;yy Part C). 407
408
Abstracts and titles Atomnaya Energiya
V. I. VEKSLERet al: Preliminary results are given on the acceleration of a plasma in a circular waveguide in the IO-cm range with H,, and H 11 waves and various plasma injectors; the bunches had initial particle concentrations of 1012/cm3 or above and were injected at an initial speed of 5 x lo6 cm/set from a spark source or were produced directly at the axis of the guide by means of a plasma source having a pressure differential, the working pressure in the accelerator being 0.1-l rnp Hg. Examination methods included electric probes, VHF and electrostatic analysis of the particle energies. The plasma was retained by external magnetic fields of various shapes. Ions of energy over 10 keV were obtained. I. P. KARABEKOVer al: A method is given for collecting and processing information on the position of the centre of gravity of the beam in the vacuum chamber; this can be used to determine the deviations in some of the basic parameters of the accelerator. E. A. ZHILKOVand A. N. LEBEDEV: A cyclic accelerator with automatic correction of the frequency with respect to the beam is considered by the kinetic-equation method for the non-linear synchrotron oscillations for arbitrary characteristics in the automatic system. Some general stability criteria are derived. I. A. GRISHAEVet al: Measurements are reported for specimens of nearly infinite thickness exposed to electrons of energies up to 66 MeV; the results are used to calculate the excitation functions and the results are compared with earlier ones from thin specimens exposed to hard X-rays. S. S. LOMAKINand Yu. A. NECHAEV: The reactions gBe(n, 2n)8Be and 8Be(y, n)RBe are discussed in relation to transients for a reactor with a beryllium core; the deviation of the reactor period from asymptotic has been calculated and measured, and an experimental estimate has been made of the elhciency of the delayed neutrons and photoneutrons. The reactivity of a reactor containing photoneutrons has been measured by an integral method. Yu. V. GAGARINSKIIet al: NMR, DTA, IR spectroscopy, refractometry, and X-radiography have been applied to this hydrate and its dehydration products; the compound is found to be a previously unknown hydrate of UF, of monoclinic symmetry. The water is hydrogen-bonded to the fluorine; the water molecules may be divided into three groups with respect to bond strength, which correspond to three peaks in the valence and deformation vibrations for the O-H bond. Dehydration occurs in two stages, the symmetry of the initial compound being retained at least down to UF, . H,O. Dehydration to 0.5 H,O causes a phase transition accompanied by a change of structure; the resulting lattice is very similar to that of the cubic hydrate. YA. D. ZEL’VENSKIIet a/: used to find the separation = 3%80t - 0.0935. The of the vapour pressure of
Simple distillation and the application of Rayleigh’s equation have been coefficient for a-solutions of HTO in H,O at 38-100°C; the results fit log CL present results are close to those computed from previous measurements T,O [see Atomnaya Energiya 8, (5) 420 (196O)I.
F. A. MAKHLISand I. M. KOLPAKOV: Methods and results are given for the calculation of absorbed doses in the neutron and y-irradiation of certain polymers on the basis of the known composition of the material and the radiation energy. S. V. GRIGORYAN:The aureoles around a hydrothermal deposit have been used to show that rational analysis for uranium (determination of mobile U in samples) gives a better indication of the primary aureoles and so increases the depth at which concealed deposits can be detected in this way. The method is shown to be more effective for elements whose aureoles are small and weak for a variety of reasons (high background content in the country rocks, low content in ore, and so on). Note: A translation of any article not subsequently published can be obtained by addressing enquiries to the Custom Translation Service, Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford, or Pergamon Press Inc., 122 East 55th Street, New York 22, N. Y.