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Atypical deformities of the chest wall—Absence and deformities of the ribs and costal cartilages
602
INTERNATIONAL ABSTRACTS OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
the posterior chest wall secondary to scoliosis, although this is usually an orthopedic problem; but one ease is presented in which reshaping and resecting of ribs was necessary to improve the "razorback" deformity. --William L. Riker ATYPICAL DEFORlV~ITIES O2
THE CHEST
WALL-----ABSENCE AND DEFORMITIES o2 THE RIBS AND COSTAL CARTILAGES. M.
M. Ravitch. Surgery 59:438-449, March 1966. Deformities of the ribs and costal cartilages without associated sternal deformities are discussed. Absence of the peetoralis major, absence or hypoplasia of the pectoralis minor, absence of costal cartilages, and mammary hypoplasia constitutes a syndrome 6 eases of which are described. Absence or separation of the bony ribs in association with hemivertebrae is presented as a more serious syndrome. Excellent illustrations present the complexities and meticulous surgical repair of the various cases presented. It is likely that suitable corrective measures can be instituted for even the most bizarre type of deformities.--Daniel T. Cloud.
when the disease was not diagnosed preoperatively. This crisis responds, however, to adequate antimyasthenic therapy. In view of this possible complication, it is not advisable to use curare or curare-like agents during anesthesia of patients with thymoma. The indication for operation in all cases was the tunaor itself and the possibility of malignancy, and not because of a concomitant myasthenia.--E. A. Kole. ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN, F, Kuffer, and
G. Duc. Padiat. Fortbildungskurse 17:5468, 1966. The authors review the surgical causes of respiratory distress in infants and young children such as staphylococcal pneumonia with pneumatoceles, abscess of the lung, congenital lobar emphysema, congenital cystic disease of the lung, intralobar sequestration, diaphragmatic hernias, mediastinal tumors, agenesis of the hmg and tumors of the lung. They report illustrative cases.--M. Better. CONGENITAL LOBAR EMPHYSEMA: LONGTERM
OBSERVATIONS ON DIAGNOSIS, AND PATHOLOGY O2 THYMIC
THERAPY TUMORS.
]. WedeU and F. Zaborsky. Zbl. Chir. 91:341-355, March 1966. Primary tumors of the thymus are rare. About 3 to 10 per cent of all mediastinal tumors originate in the thymus. The symptoms caused by thymie tumors are not specific, only the result of their position. The diagnosis can be made by chest x-ray. No other new growths are located so close behind the sternum high in the mediastinum. The authors operated upon 5 patients with a thymic tumor. All tumors were benign. There was no operative mortality. In 3 patients myasthenia gravis was present. The relation between this disease and thymoma is not clear. Recently, myasthenia gravis has been classified as an auto-imInune disease. The thynms, and thymoma too, may be of importance in the genesis of these diseases. The effect of removal of a thymie tumor on myasthenia gravis is not predictable. A feared postoperative complication is the myasthenie crisis, especially
EFFECTS
AND
SEQUELAE
IN
TREATED CASES. George R. DeMuth and Herbert Sloan. Surgery 59:601-607, April 1966. Six cases of congenital lobar emphysema treated with pulmonary resection were followed 5 to 14 years postoperative. The cases were evaluated clinically with special regard to growth and development and respiratory problems, and were subjected to detailed pulmonary function studies. In 3 cases, the right middle lobe was involved, in 2 cases the left upper lobe was involved, and in one case segments of the right upper and right lower lobes were involved. All 6 cases showed relatively normal growth and development, and although respiratory infections were fairly frequent during childhood after the original surgery, they diminished with aging. The pulmonary function studies revealed generally reduced vital capacity with normal residual volumes. This was thought to suggest no compensatory regeneration of lung tissue, but rather overdistention of the remaining lung. --Daniel T. Cloud.
INTERNATIONAL ABSTRACTS OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY
the posterior chest wall secondary to scoliosis, although this is usually an orthopedic problem; but one ease is presented in which reshaping and resecting of ribs was necessary to improve the "razorback" deformity. --William L. Riker ATYPICAL DEFORlV~ITIES O2
THE CHEST
WALL-----ABSENCE AND DEFORMITIES o2 THE RIBS AND COSTAL CARTILAGES. M.
M. Ravitch. Surgery 59:438-449, March 1966. Deformities of the ribs and costal cartilages without associated sternal deformities are discussed. Absence of the peetoralis major, absence or hypoplasia of the pectoralis minor, absence of costal cartilages, and mammary hypoplasia constitutes a syndrome 6 eases of which are described. Absence or separation of the bony ribs in association with hemivertebrae is presented as a more serious syndrome. Excellent illustrations present the complexities and meticulous surgical repair of the various cases presented. It is likely that suitable corrective measures can be instituted for even the most bizarre type of deformities.--Daniel T. Cloud.
when the disease was not diagnosed preoperatively. This crisis responds, however, to adequate antimyasthenic therapy. In view of this possible complication, it is not advisable to use curare or curare-like agents during anesthesia of patients with thymoma. The indication for operation in all cases was the tunaor itself and the possibility of malignancy, and not because of a concomitant myasthenia.--E. A. Kole. ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN, F, Kuffer, and
G. Duc. Padiat. Fortbildungskurse 17:5468, 1966. The authors review the surgical causes of respiratory distress in infants and young children such as staphylococcal pneumonia with pneumatoceles, abscess of the lung, congenital lobar emphysema, congenital cystic disease of the lung, intralobar sequestration, diaphragmatic hernias, mediastinal tumors, agenesis of the hmg and tumors of the lung. They report illustrative cases.--M. Better. CONGENITAL LOBAR EMPHYSEMA: LONGTERM
OBSERVATIONS ON DIAGNOSIS, AND PATHOLOGY O2 THYMIC
THERAPY TUMORS.
]. WedeU and F. Zaborsky. Zbl. Chir. 91:341-355, March 1966. Primary tumors of the thymus are rare. About 3 to 10 per cent of all mediastinal tumors originate in the thymus. The symptoms caused by thymie tumors are not specific, only the result of their position. The diagnosis can be made by chest x-ray. No other new growths are located so close behind the sternum high in the mediastinum. The authors operated upon 5 patients with a thymic tumor. All tumors were benign. There was no operative mortality. In 3 patients myasthenia gravis was present. The relation between this disease and thymoma is not clear. Recently, myasthenia gravis has been classified as an auto-imInune disease. The thynms, and thymoma too, may be of importance in the genesis of these diseases. The effect of removal of a thymie tumor on myasthenia gravis is not predictable. A feared postoperative complication is the myasthenie crisis, especially
EFFECTS
AND
SEQUELAE
IN
TREATED CASES. George R. DeMuth and Herbert Sloan. Surgery 59:601-607, April 1966. Six cases of congenital lobar emphysema treated with pulmonary resection were followed 5 to 14 years postoperative. The cases were evaluated clinically with special regard to growth and development and respiratory problems, and were subjected to detailed pulmonary function studies. In 3 cases, the right middle lobe was involved, in 2 cases the left upper lobe was involved, and in one case segments of the right upper and right lower lobes were involved. All 6 cases showed relatively normal growth and development, and although respiratory infections were fairly frequent during childhood after the original surgery, they diminished with aging. The pulmonary function studies revealed generally reduced vital capacity with normal residual volumes. This was thought to suggest no compensatory regeneration of lung tissue, but rather overdistention of the remaining lung. --Daniel T. Cloud.