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Auditory masking and speech kinematics in stutterers and nonstutterers
181
ABSTRACTS
Recent Developments R. Ingham,
in Therapy Efficacy
Chair, Santa Barbara, California, USA
180 min. This double miniseminar will summarize a number of general notions and recent developments concerning therapy efficacy. A number of speakers will present either a position paper or a report of a study addressing these issues. Time will be allowed for discussion among the participants and the audience. Presenters and titles: Panel Presentation:
A Review of Controversial Issues Concerning the Eflicacy of Stuttering Therapy R. Ingham, Santa Barbara, California, USA Status of Dependent Variables in Stuttering Therapy Research A. Cordes, Santa Barbara, California, USA The Efficacy of Oral-Motor Training in the Treatment of Stuttering in Children G. Riley, Tustin, California, USA The Efftcacy of the ELU Procedure in the Treatment of Stuttering in Children J. Ingham, Santa Barbara, California, USA Generalization and Maintenance of Stuttering Therapy for Adults Based on Prolonged Speech Training M. Onslow and R. Ingham, Sydney, Australia The Quality of Outcome of Stuttering Therapy for Adults M-C. Franken, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Issues in Determining the Efficacy of Pharmacotherapy for Stuttering M. Gow, Santa Barbara, California, USA The Experimental Investigation of the Efficacy of Stuttering Therapy D. Prins, Bellevue, Washington, USA
Dyslexia of Stuttering 0. Inshakova, Oral Presentation:
Pupils
Moscow, Russia
15min.
The main goal of our research was to investigate dyslexia in stuttering schoolchildren. With different psychopedagogical and neuropsychological methods, two groups were evaluated: 36 stuttering schoolchildren with dyslexia, and 64 schoolchildren with dyslexia who did not stutter. In addition to the typical errors, these children show errors linked to characteristics of speech. The specific errors, substituting letters and words during the rewriting of text, were also found in this population. The errors were related to difficulties of right direction monitoring. These results suggest that the same errors are made by children who do not stutter. A method is described for studying schoolchildren with these characteristics.
Auditory
Masking and Speech Kinematics
L. Jticke,
P. Kaiser, and K. Kalveram,
in Stutterers and Nonstutterers
Dikseldor-
Germany
Oral Presentation: I5 min.
The mechanism by which auditory masking enhances fluency is not known. In this experiment, I6 stutterers and I7 nonstutterers said a test word at different speech rates,
182
ABSTRACTS
with different stress patterns, and with or without masking. The duration, peak velocity, and displacement of jaw opening and closing were measured. In addition, durations of jaw opening plateau and phonation as well as intensity of phonation were measured. No group differences were found in jaw kinematics and vocal fold activity. Duration and intensity of phonation were the only measurements affected, and both were increased by masking. Jaw kinematics were almost completely unaffected by masking. Our data support the notion that auditory masking influences speech prosody. These results and our interpretation will be discussed in terms of relevant models of speech motor control.
Patterns of Interarticular L. J3ncke
and K. Kalveram,
Phasing Relations in Stutterers and Nonstutterers Diisseldorf,
Germany
Poster Presentation This paper investigated whether interarticulator relations are stable in different prosodic contexts and whether stutterers and nonstutterers differ with respect to interarticulator timing and position relations. We examined 16 stutterers and 18 nonstutterers saying a test word with different speech rates and stress patterns. Jaw, and upper and lower lip kinematics were registered along with the duration and intensity of phonation and vocal-fold vibration. We found that these events were stable within speakers and did not vary with speech rate and stress pattern. Interestingly, stutterers as a group did not differ consistently from nonstutterers in these timing measurements. However, we found a wider variety of timing patterns in stutterers.
The Interaction D. Jankelowitz
of Bilingualism
and Stuttering
and M. Bortz, Johannesburg,
in an Adult
Sourh Africa
Poster Presentation The relation between bilingualism and stuttering was examined in a bilingual adult stutterer. Language ability in English and Afrikaans was assessed through the use of cloze and language proficiency tests. Anticipation, adaptation, and consistency of stuttering were and nature of disfluencies on narrative and investigated. Frequency, distribution, procedural tasks were analyzed according to a modified version of the Systematic Disfluency Analysis (SDA) (Campbell and Hill, 1987). Results indicated that language ability influenced frequency, distribution, and nature of disfluencies. The subject was more proficient and stuttered less in his predominant language. The clinical implications of these results will be drawn.
Results from the Evaluation of a German Version of the “Comprehensive Stuttering Program” by Boberg and Kully P. Jehle,
Frankfurt-am-Main,
Germany
Oral Presentation: 15 min Therapy was conducted with 25 adult stutterers as in-patients in four groups at intervals over a period of two years. To a large extent, the procedures of the program advocated by Boberg and Kully could be followed. Speech was recorded in various contexts, and aspects
ABSTRACTS
Recent Developments R. Ingham,
in Therapy Efficacy
Chair, Santa Barbara, California, USA
180 min. This double miniseminar will summarize a number of general notions and recent developments concerning therapy efficacy. A number of speakers will present either a position paper or a report of a study addressing these issues. Time will be allowed for discussion among the participants and the audience. Presenters and titles: Panel Presentation:
A Review of Controversial Issues Concerning the Eflicacy of Stuttering Therapy R. Ingham, Santa Barbara, California, USA Status of Dependent Variables in Stuttering Therapy Research A. Cordes, Santa Barbara, California, USA The Efficacy of Oral-Motor Training in the Treatment of Stuttering in Children G. Riley, Tustin, California, USA The Efftcacy of the ELU Procedure in the Treatment of Stuttering in Children J. Ingham, Santa Barbara, California, USA Generalization and Maintenance of Stuttering Therapy for Adults Based on Prolonged Speech Training M. Onslow and R. Ingham, Sydney, Australia The Quality of Outcome of Stuttering Therapy for Adults M-C. Franken, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Issues in Determining the Efficacy of Pharmacotherapy for Stuttering M. Gow, Santa Barbara, California, USA The Experimental Investigation of the Efficacy of Stuttering Therapy D. Prins, Bellevue, Washington, USA
Dyslexia of Stuttering 0. Inshakova, Oral Presentation:
Pupils
Moscow, Russia
15min.
The main goal of our research was to investigate dyslexia in stuttering schoolchildren. With different psychopedagogical and neuropsychological methods, two groups were evaluated: 36 stuttering schoolchildren with dyslexia, and 64 schoolchildren with dyslexia who did not stutter. In addition to the typical errors, these children show errors linked to characteristics of speech. The specific errors, substituting letters and words during the rewriting of text, were also found in this population. The errors were related to difficulties of right direction monitoring. These results suggest that the same errors are made by children who do not stutter. A method is described for studying schoolchildren with these characteristics.
Auditory
Masking and Speech Kinematics
L. Jticke,
P. Kaiser, and K. Kalveram,
in Stutterers and Nonstutterers
Dikseldor-
Germany
Oral Presentation: I5 min.
The mechanism by which auditory masking enhances fluency is not known. In this experiment, I6 stutterers and I7 nonstutterers said a test word at different speech rates,
182
ABSTRACTS
with different stress patterns, and with or without masking. The duration, peak velocity, and displacement of jaw opening and closing were measured. In addition, durations of jaw opening plateau and phonation as well as intensity of phonation were measured. No group differences were found in jaw kinematics and vocal fold activity. Duration and intensity of phonation were the only measurements affected, and both were increased by masking. Jaw kinematics were almost completely unaffected by masking. Our data support the notion that auditory masking influences speech prosody. These results and our interpretation will be discussed in terms of relevant models of speech motor control.
Patterns of Interarticular L. J3ncke
and K. Kalveram,
Phasing Relations in Stutterers and Nonstutterers Diisseldorf,
Germany
Poster Presentation This paper investigated whether interarticulator relations are stable in different prosodic contexts and whether stutterers and nonstutterers differ with respect to interarticulator timing and position relations. We examined 16 stutterers and 18 nonstutterers saying a test word with different speech rates and stress patterns. Jaw, and upper and lower lip kinematics were registered along with the duration and intensity of phonation and vocal-fold vibration. We found that these events were stable within speakers and did not vary with speech rate and stress pattern. Interestingly, stutterers as a group did not differ consistently from nonstutterers in these timing measurements. However, we found a wider variety of timing patterns in stutterers.
The Interaction D. Jankelowitz
of Bilingualism
and Stuttering
and M. Bortz, Johannesburg,
in an Adult
Sourh Africa
Poster Presentation The relation between bilingualism and stuttering was examined in a bilingual adult stutterer. Language ability in English and Afrikaans was assessed through the use of cloze and language proficiency tests. Anticipation, adaptation, and consistency of stuttering were and nature of disfluencies on narrative and investigated. Frequency, distribution, procedural tasks were analyzed according to a modified version of the Systematic Disfluency Analysis (SDA) (Campbell and Hill, 1987). Results indicated that language ability influenced frequency, distribution, and nature of disfluencies. The subject was more proficient and stuttered less in his predominant language. The clinical implications of these results will be drawn.
Results from the Evaluation of a German Version of the “Comprehensive Stuttering Program” by Boberg and Kully P. Jehle,
Frankfurt-am-Main,
Germany
Oral Presentation: 15 min Therapy was conducted with 25 adult stutterers as in-patients in four groups at intervals over a period of two years. To a large extent, the procedures of the program advocated by Boberg and Kully could be followed. Speech was recorded in various contexts, and aspects