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Bacterial desulfurization of brown coal from the Most Coal Company in Most, Czech Republic
0 1 Solid fuels (preparation) compared to the use of water-only for the treatment of an easy-to-clean Illinois No. 6 fine coal sample. For a difficult-to-clean coal, the mass yield improvement was significantly greater at nearly 20% by wt. From the treatment of four different coal samples, organic efficiency values greater than 90% were obtained over the entire range of product quality values. These findings are reflective of the highly efficiency, low density separations provided by the sense-medium as indicated by probable error values below 0.05. 02/00078 Application of petroleum-coke fines for preparation of blast-furnace coke Pishnograev, S.N. Ed al. St&, 1999, 11, 7-9. (In Russian) Petroleum-coke fines containing 0.29-0.4% ash and 2.3-2.6% S were evaluated as an additive in the manufacture of lump coal-derived coke for blast-furnace smelting of Fe ores. Addition of the low-cash petroleum coke fines decreased the ash content of the smelting coke, but increased the S-impurity content in the coke and in the molten pig iron product. The optimized addition of 5% fines did not require major changes in the coke manufacture or Fe-ore smelting. 02/00079 Bacterial desulfurization of brown coal from the Most Coal Company in Most, Czech Republic Fecko, P., Sedlackova, V. Uhli-Rudy-Geol. Pruzkum, 2000, 7, (4), lo15. (In Czech) The work describes the application of ThiobaciNus ferrooxidans bacteria for leaching of brown coal from open cast mines. Most Bacterial leaching was performed in air-lift reactor for one month. The process of desulphurization was monitored during leaching in one-week intervals by determination of sulphur and petrographic analysis of three samples of coal. From the results of the research we can see, that the application of clean bacteria culture T. ferrooxidans on brown coal samples is a successful way its desulphurization. After 1 month was level of desulphurization of total sulphur from 42 to 52%, where desulphurization of pyritic sulphur was from 83 to 90%. ~~‘0080
Binder for improving
coal gangue
and low-grade
Wang, S. et al. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN 1,229,126 (Cl. ClOL5/04), 22 Sep 1999, Appl. 99,102,045, 12 Feb 1999. 4. (In Chinese) The binder is prepared from NazO 1-6, NaCl 1-5, NaOH 1-4, NazSiOs 2-10, NazCOs l-5, starch 2-8, quicklime 2-10, and water 150-300 parts. The binder is used to manufacture high-quality briquettes by mixing the binder with coal gangue or low-grade coal at a ratio of (516):100, and cold pressing. 02/00081 Bio-desulfurization of coal: rate enhancement by sulfur-grown cells Malik, A. e/ al. Biorechnol. Left., 2000, 22, (4). 273-276. Pyritic sulphur was removed from coal by growing Thiohacillus ferrooxidans in a 250 mL batch bioreactor. T. ferrooxidans grown on sulphur and which was added 5 days after initial inoculation, enhanced the iron solubilization rate by 35% as compared to control (without addition of sulphur-grown cells). About 93% pyritic sulphur was removed in presence of sulphur-grown cells as compared to 77% in the control. 02lOOO82 Classification and dewatering of fine coal concentrates Bialas, J. et al. Gospod. Surowcami Miner, 1999, 15, 355-364. (In Polish) Examples of existing processing systems in which EBWB-36, EBW-42 screen-bowl centrifuges and setting screen-bowl centrifuges designed for classifying and dewatering of fine coal concentrations are incorporated have been presented. The paper also gives results of size analysis of feed materials and concentrations supplied to centrifuges as well as data relating to products being dewatered in these centrifuges. Then three versions of processing systems for classifying and dewatering of coal slurries have been proposed. The proposed systems are based mainly on Polish machines and equipment. Their objective is to eliminate drying of flotation concentration. From the presented examples of results obtained processing systems may eliminate flotation concentration. From the presented examples of results obtained in the course of investigations it appears that in particular cases the applied processing systems may eliminate flotation as well. 02/00083 Coal decomposition by supercritical water Izumiya, F. et al. Sekitan Riyo G#mu Kaigi Koenshu, 1999, 9, 175-183. (In Japanese) Experimental results of conversion of a subbituminous and a brown coal in supercritical water were obtained. At 380-480” and ~25 MPa, 50-60%-daf of gas and oil yield was achieved, and with increasing temperature, higher conversion and oils were resulted. By adding CO for water gas shift reaetion and NazCOs as catalyst, the coal conversion
10
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 2002
was further improved. The water-soluble oil product obtained contains high-value chemicals such as diphenols, especially from the brown coal sample. The residue materials, as compared with the original coal, are higher in calorific value and combustion speed, and can be used as fuel for power generation, etc. 02/00084 Coal flotation agent Xu, T. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN 1,230,468 (Cl. B03D1/008), 6 Ott 1999, Appl. 98,113,875, 30 Mar 1998. 7. (In Chinese) The flotation agent is prepared by mixing pine camphor O-2.0, fuse1 oil 2.8-5.5, diesel oil 11.0-15.5, kerosene O-14.5, Cta 3.0-4.0, and arene solvent O-12 parts at room temperature for 30-40 min. 02lOOO85 Coal refining method Kim, K. et al. Repub. Korea KR 9,508,079 (Cl. B03Dl/OO), 25 Jul 1995, Appl. 9,226,530, 30 Dee 1992. (In Korean) Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (I) is used as a frothing agent for coal flotation. The quantity of I is 0.5-4.0 kg per ton coal. I improves the recovery ratio in coal flotation. Development of a carrying-capacity model for 02/00088 column froth flotation Pahvardhan, A., Honaker, R.Q. ht. J. Miner. Process, 2000, 59, (4), 275-293.
The prediction of carrying capacity for a given flotation technology has been commonly achieved using a simplified expression based on a representative particle size and density of the floatable material. However, this expression was derived with several assumptions and limited data ranges that limits accuracy for all materials and conditions. A new expression has been derived which incorporates the effects of particle size distribution and aeration rate. To evaluate the accuracy of the new expression, laboratory, pilot and full-scale data obtained from treating various US coals using the Jameson Cell have been applied to the model. A statistical analysis reveals that the new model provides significant improvement in the carrying capacity prediction. Based on Jameson Cell data, aeration rates below 1.8 cm/s have a significant impact on the carrying capacity. Particle size distribution, which was not included in the earlier expression, was found to significantly affect the carrying capacity by approximately 35% from a narrow to broad size distribution. An analysis, using the mineral data applied to validate the earlier expression, has shown that the new model can be extended to all other column flotation technologies treating feed material other than coal. 02lOOO87 Direct liquefaction for.production of high yields ;r,:esedstocks for specialty chemrcals or thermally stable jet Burgess, (l-3),
C.E., Schobert,
H.H. Fuel Processing
Technology,
2000,
64,
57-72.
This work was done to test the proposition that it is possible to produce high yields of two-ring compounds via direct liquefaction by selecting appropriate coal feedstock, catalyst, and reaction conditions. These products are valuable as starting materials for monomers of engineering plastics, for other specialty chemicals, and as constituents of a jet fuel having a high stability toward pyrolytic decomposition. An initial suite of eight coals was reduced to four candidates, based on reactivity in catalytic and non-catalytic liquefaction and on previously published structural characterization data. Further testing reduced the four candidates to two, Blind Canyon (Utah) highly volatile C and Pittsburgh No. 8 highly volatile A bituminous coals. The Pittsburgh seam coal is particularly attractive as a feedstock for this process. Liquefaction with a dispersed, sulphided molybdenum catalyst, followed by caustic washing to remove by-product phenols, provides -50% of yield of light liquid rich in two-ring compounds. Subsequent hydrotreating of a blended mixture of model compounds simulating the composition of the liquefaction product produces a material of exceptionally high stability in thermal stressing experiments. This liquid could be converted to a. thermally stable jet fuel with further hydrotreating and use of appropriate additive packages. Dynamic modeling of fine coal separations in a 02/00088 hindered-bed classifier Honaker, R.Q., Mondal, K. Coal Prep. (Gordon & Breach), 2000, 21, (2), 21 l-232.
Hindered-bed classifiers have recently received significant attention for the potential of achieving effective density-based separations. Although the fundamental principles of hindered-bed classifiers are relatively simple, the complex interactions between the operating parameters provide a degree of difficulty that hinders the ability for online plant optimization. Thus, a dynamic population balance model was developed to evaluate and optimize the separation performance achievable on the basis of density by a hindered-bed classifier for the cleaning of fine coal. The steady-state results of the model include partition curves as a function of particle size and density as well as metallurgical data. A
Binder for improving
coal gangue
and low-grade
Wang, S. et al. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN 1,229,126 (Cl. ClOL5/04), 22 Sep 1999, Appl. 99,102,045, 12 Feb 1999. 4. (In Chinese) The binder is prepared from NazO 1-6, NaCl 1-5, NaOH 1-4, NazSiOs 2-10, NazCOs l-5, starch 2-8, quicklime 2-10, and water 150-300 parts. The binder is used to manufacture high-quality briquettes by mixing the binder with coal gangue or low-grade coal at a ratio of (516):100, and cold pressing. 02/00081 Bio-desulfurization of coal: rate enhancement by sulfur-grown cells Malik, A. e/ al. Biorechnol. Left., 2000, 22, (4). 273-276. Pyritic sulphur was removed from coal by growing Thiohacillus ferrooxidans in a 250 mL batch bioreactor. T. ferrooxidans grown on sulphur and which was added 5 days after initial inoculation, enhanced the iron solubilization rate by 35% as compared to control (without addition of sulphur-grown cells). About 93% pyritic sulphur was removed in presence of sulphur-grown cells as compared to 77% in the control. 02lOOO82 Classification and dewatering of fine coal concentrates Bialas, J. et al. Gospod. Surowcami Miner, 1999, 15, 355-364. (In Polish) Examples of existing processing systems in which EBWB-36, EBW-42 screen-bowl centrifuges and setting screen-bowl centrifuges designed for classifying and dewatering of fine coal concentrations are incorporated have been presented. The paper also gives results of size analysis of feed materials and concentrations supplied to centrifuges as well as data relating to products being dewatered in these centrifuges. Then three versions of processing systems for classifying and dewatering of coal slurries have been proposed. The proposed systems are based mainly on Polish machines and equipment. Their objective is to eliminate drying of flotation concentration. From the presented examples of results obtained processing systems may eliminate flotation concentration. From the presented examples of results obtained in the course of investigations it appears that in particular cases the applied processing systems may eliminate flotation as well. 02/00083 Coal decomposition by supercritical water Izumiya, F. et al. Sekitan Riyo G#mu Kaigi Koenshu, 1999, 9, 175-183. (In Japanese) Experimental results of conversion of a subbituminous and a brown coal in supercritical water were obtained. At 380-480” and ~25 MPa, 50-60%-daf of gas and oil yield was achieved, and with increasing temperature, higher conversion and oils were resulted. By adding CO for water gas shift reaetion and NazCOs as catalyst, the coal conversion
10
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 2002
was further improved. The water-soluble oil product obtained contains high-value chemicals such as diphenols, especially from the brown coal sample. The residue materials, as compared with the original coal, are higher in calorific value and combustion speed, and can be used as fuel for power generation, etc. 02/00084 Coal flotation agent Xu, T. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu CN 1,230,468 (Cl. B03D1/008), 6 Ott 1999, Appl. 98,113,875, 30 Mar 1998. 7. (In Chinese) The flotation agent is prepared by mixing pine camphor O-2.0, fuse1 oil 2.8-5.5, diesel oil 11.0-15.5, kerosene O-14.5, Cta 3.0-4.0, and arene solvent O-12 parts at room temperature for 30-40 min. 02lOOO85 Coal refining method Kim, K. et al. Repub. Korea KR 9,508,079 (Cl. B03Dl/OO), 25 Jul 1995, Appl. 9,226,530, 30 Dee 1992. (In Korean) Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (I) is used as a frothing agent for coal flotation. The quantity of I is 0.5-4.0 kg per ton coal. I improves the recovery ratio in coal flotation. Development of a carrying-capacity model for 02/00088 column froth flotation Pahvardhan, A., Honaker, R.Q. ht. J. Miner. Process, 2000, 59, (4), 275-293.
The prediction of carrying capacity for a given flotation technology has been commonly achieved using a simplified expression based on a representative particle size and density of the floatable material. However, this expression was derived with several assumptions and limited data ranges that limits accuracy for all materials and conditions. A new expression has been derived which incorporates the effects of particle size distribution and aeration rate. To evaluate the accuracy of the new expression, laboratory, pilot and full-scale data obtained from treating various US coals using the Jameson Cell have been applied to the model. A statistical analysis reveals that the new model provides significant improvement in the carrying capacity prediction. Based on Jameson Cell data, aeration rates below 1.8 cm/s have a significant impact on the carrying capacity. Particle size distribution, which was not included in the earlier expression, was found to significantly affect the carrying capacity by approximately 35% from a narrow to broad size distribution. An analysis, using the mineral data applied to validate the earlier expression, has shown that the new model can be extended to all other column flotation technologies treating feed material other than coal. 02lOOO87 Direct liquefaction for.production of high yields ;r,:esedstocks for specialty chemrcals or thermally stable jet Burgess, (l-3),
C.E., Schobert,
H.H. Fuel Processing
Technology,
2000,
64,
57-72.
This work was done to test the proposition that it is possible to produce high yields of two-ring compounds via direct liquefaction by selecting appropriate coal feedstock, catalyst, and reaction conditions. These products are valuable as starting materials for monomers of engineering plastics, for other specialty chemicals, and as constituents of a jet fuel having a high stability toward pyrolytic decomposition. An initial suite of eight coals was reduced to four candidates, based on reactivity in catalytic and non-catalytic liquefaction and on previously published structural characterization data. Further testing reduced the four candidates to two, Blind Canyon (Utah) highly volatile C and Pittsburgh No. 8 highly volatile A bituminous coals. The Pittsburgh seam coal is particularly attractive as a feedstock for this process. Liquefaction with a dispersed, sulphided molybdenum catalyst, followed by caustic washing to remove by-product phenols, provides -50% of yield of light liquid rich in two-ring compounds. Subsequent hydrotreating of a blended mixture of model compounds simulating the composition of the liquefaction product produces a material of exceptionally high stability in thermal stressing experiments. This liquid could be converted to a. thermally stable jet fuel with further hydrotreating and use of appropriate additive packages. Dynamic modeling of fine coal separations in a 02/00088 hindered-bed classifier Honaker, R.Q., Mondal, K. Coal Prep. (Gordon & Breach), 2000, 21, (2), 21 l-232.
Hindered-bed classifiers have recently received significant attention for the potential of achieving effective density-based separations. Although the fundamental principles of hindered-bed classifiers are relatively simple, the complex interactions between the operating parameters provide a degree of difficulty that hinders the ability for online plant optimization. Thus, a dynamic population balance model was developed to evaluate and optimize the separation performance achievable on the basis of density by a hindered-bed classifier for the cleaning of fine coal. The steady-state results of the model include partition curves as a function of particle size and density as well as metallurgical data. A